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1.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 78(4): 493-504, 2004.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15384263

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The characterization of clustering behavioral risk factors may be used as a guideline for interventions aimed at preventing chronic diseases. This study determined the clustering patterns of some behavioral risk factors in young adults aged 18 to 29 years and established the factors associated with having two or more of them. METHODS: Patterns of clustering by gender were established in four behavioral risk factors (low consumption of fruits and vegetables, physical inactivity in leisure time, current tobacco consumption and acute alcohol consumption), in 1465 young adults participants through a multistage probabilistic sample. Regression models identified the sociodemografic variables associated with having two or more of the aforementioned behavioral risk factors. RESULTS: Having one, 32.9% two and 17.7% three or four. Acute alcohol consumption was the risk factor most frequent in the combined risk factor patterns among males; physical inactivity during leisure time being the most frequent among females. Among the females, having two or more behavioral risk factors was linked to be separated or divorced, this having been linked to work having been the main activity over the past 30 days among males. CONCLUSIONS: The combinations of behavioral risk factors studied and the factors associated with clustering show different patterns among males and females. These findings stressed the need of designing interventions sensitive to gender differences.


Subject(s)
Chronic Disease/epidemiology , Risk-Taking , Adolescent , Adult , Cluster Analysis , Colombia/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Health Behavior , Humans , Male , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Socioeconomic Factors
2.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 78(4): 493-504, jul. 2004.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-37364

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: La caracterización de los patrones conglomeración de factores de riesgo de comportamiento puede brindar orientación en las intervenciones dirigidas a prevenir las enfermedades crónicas. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar, según género, los patrones de conglomeración de algunos factores de riesgo de comportamiento en personas de 18 a 29 años de dos áreas urbanas de Bogotá. Métodos: Mediante la utilización de una encuesta se determinaron en 1.465 adultos jóvenes los patrones de conglomeración en cuatro factores de riesgo de comportamiento: a)consumo de alcohol, b) bajo consumo de frutas y verduras, c) inactividad física en tiempo libre y d) consumo de tabaco. La muestra poblacional tuvo un diseño probabilístico multietápico. Mediante modelos de regresión logística se identificaron las variables sociodemográficas asociadas a tener dos o más de los comportamientos mencionados. Resultados: 13,9 por ciento de los adultos jóvenes no tenía ningún factor de riesgo, 35,5 por ciento tenía uno, 32,9 por ciento dos y, 17,7 por ciento tres o cuatro. El consumo agudo de alcohol fue el factor de riesgo más frecuente en los patrones de conglomeración en hombres; en mujeres lo fue la inactividad física en tiempo libre. En las mujeres tener dos o más factores de riesgo de comportamiento estuvo asociado con estar separada o divorciada; en los hombres se asoció con haber trabajado como principal actividad realizada en los últimos 30 días. Conclusiones: Las combinaciones de los factores de riesgo de comportamiento estudiados y los factores asociados a su nivel de conglomeración presentaron patrones diferentes en hombres y en mujeres. Estos hallazgos enfatizan la necesidad de diseñar intervenciones que sean sensibles a las diferencias de género (AU)


Background: The characterization of clustering behavioral risk factors may be used as a guideline for interventions aimed at preventing chronic diseases. This study determined the clustering patterns of some behavioral risk factors in young adults aged 18 to 29 years and established the factors associated with having two or more of them. Methods: Patterns of clustering by gender were established in four behavioral risk factors (low consumption of fruits and vegetables, physical inactivity in leisure time, current tobacco consumption and acute alcohol consumption), in 1465 young adults participants through a multistage probabilistic sample. Regression models identified the sociodemografic variables associated with having two or more of the aforementioned behavioral risk factors. Results: Having one, 32.9% two and 17.7% three or four. Acute alcohol consumption was the risk factor most frequent in the combined risk factor patterns among males; physical inactivity during leisure time being the most frequent among females. Among the females, having two or more behavioral risk factors was linked to be separated or divorced, this having been linked to work having been the main activity over the past 30 days among males. Conclusions: The combinations of behavioral risk factors studied and the factors associated with clustering show different patterns among males and females. These findings stressed the need of designing interventions sensitive to gender differences (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Adolescent , Risk-Taking , Socioeconomic Factors , Sex Distribution , Risk Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Colombia , Chronic Disease , Health Behavior , Cluster Analysis
3.
Investig. segur. soc. salud ; 3: 45-70, 2001. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-597349

ABSTRACT

Objetivos La pertinencia en las remisiones de pacientes del Distrito Capital, generadas por los servicios de consulta externa, urgencia y hospitalización de 32 empresas sociales del Estado (ESE). Caracterizar los procesos involucrados con la referencia y contrarreferencia de pacientes pertenecientes al régimen subsidiado o vinculado del Distrito Capital. Metodología Se realizó un estudio transversal, recolectándose información de 1,513 remisiones. Se estableció la pertinencia en la decisión médica de acuerdo con la capacidad técnica de la IPS para atender adecuadamente la enfermedad del paciente. En el análisis cualitativo se realizó un estudio tipo teoría, partiendo de las experiencias de los usuarios y los prestadores de servicios. Resultados El 80% de las remisiones fueron pertinentes en la decisión médica y el 20% no. El direccionamiento fue adecuado en el 50.4% de las remisiones y no adecuado en el 49.6%. Las remisiones efectivas fueron el 53.1% del total. Conclusiones Los problemas en la decisión de la remisión y la baja proporción de adecuación en el direccionamiento evidencian problemas en la decisión médica, coordinación y comunicación deficiente, falta de definición de procedimientos y ausencia de sistemas de evaluación periódica.


Objectives The relevance of referrals of patients from the Capital District, generated by the outpatient, emergency and hospitalization services of 32 social enterprises of the State (ESE). To characterize the processes involved with the referral and counter-referral of patients belonging to the subsidized or linked regime of the Capital District. Methodology A cross-sectional study was carried out, collecting information from 1,513 referrals. The relevance of the medical decision was established according to the technical capacity of the IPS to adequately attend the patient's disease. In the qualitative analysis, a theory-type study was carried out, based on the experiences of users and service providers. Results Eighty percent of the referrals were pertinent in the medical decision and 20% were not. Referrals were appropriate in 50.4% of referrals and not appropriate in 49.6%. Effective referrals were 53.1% of the total. Conclusions The problems in the referral decision and the low proportion of adequate referrals are evidence of problems in the medical decision, poor coordination and communication, lack of definition of procedures and absence of periodic evaluation systems.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Physician Self-Referral , Health Services Misuse , Referral and Consultation , Outpatients , Emergencies , Ambulatory Care , Remission Induction
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