ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Intraoperative pulmonary embolism (PE) with cardiac arrest (CA) represents a critical and potentially fatal condition. Available treatments include systemic thrombolysis, catheter-based thrombus fragmentation or aspiration, and surgical embolectomy. However, limited studies are focused on the optimal treatment choice for this critical condition. We present a case series and an updated review of the management of intraoperative CA secondary to PE. METHODS: A retrospective review of patients who developed high-risk intraoperative PE was performed between June 2012 and June 2022. For the updated review, a literature search on PubMed and Scopus was conducted which resulted in the inclusion of a total of 46 articles. RESULTS: A total of 196 174 major non-cardiac surgeries were performed between 2012 and 2022. Eight cases of intraoperative CA secondary to high-risk PE were identified. We found a mortality rate of 75%. Anticoagulation therapy was administered to one patient (12.5%), while two patients (25%) underwent thrombolysis, and one case (12.5%) underwent mechanical thrombectomy combined with thrombus aspiration. Based on the literature review and our 10-year experience, we propose an algorithm for the management of intraoperative CA caused by PE. CONCLUSION: The essential components for adequate management of intraoperative PE with CA include hemodynamic support, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and the implementation of a primary perfusion intervention. The prompt identification of the criteria for each specific treatment modality, guided by the individual patient's characteristics, is necessary for an optimal approach.
Subject(s)
Heart Arrest , Pulmonary Embolism , Thrombosis , Humans , Thrombolytic Therapy/adverse effects , Thrombolytic Therapy/methods , Treatment Outcome , Pulmonary Embolism/complications , Pulmonary Embolism/surgery , Thrombosis/complications , Thrombosis/surgery , Heart Arrest/therapy , Heart Arrest/complicationsABSTRACT
We present a female patient who arrived to the emergency department with chest pain without known medical history at the time of consultation. Considering her risk factors and electrocardiographic findings, it was decided to perform a coronary catheterization under the suspicion of acute myocardial infarction. The catheterization and another studies was negative for coronary artery disease. Additional studies were conclusive for apical variant hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or Yamaguchi syndrome.
Subject(s)
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/diagnosis , Aged, 80 and over , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/physiopathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Electrocardiography , Female , Humans , Inferior Wall Myocardial InfarctionABSTRACT
El cierre percutáneo es la modalidad predilecta para el tratamiento de los defectos septales tipo ostium secundum cuando la anatomía es favorable, y reporta una tasa de éxito excelente así como también un bajo porcentaje de complicaciones. Se presenta el caso de un cierre exitoso de defecto septal tipo ostium secundum con dispositivo tipo Amplatzer en un paciente con antecedente de alergia a metales no detectada previamente, quien presentó edema pulmonar no cardiogénico, fiebre y pericarditis secundarios al níquel del dispositivo, pero tuvo mejoría y evolución satisfactoria con tratamiento médico.
The percutaneous closure of ostium secundum septal defects is the preferred treatment modality when the anatomy is appropriate, as it shows high success and low complication rates. We present a case of a succesful percutaneous closure of an ostium secundum septal defect with an Amplatzer septal occluder device in a patient with an undetected metal allergy which led her to non cardiogenic pulmonary edema, fever and pericarditis related to the nickel contained in the device, with improvement and satisfactory evolution after medical treatment.
