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1.
JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc ; 61(262): 555-558, 2023 Jun 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37464856

ABSTRACT

Cap polyposis is a gastrointestinal disease with multiple inflammatory polyps between the distal colon and rectum. Its symptoms overlap with inflammatory bowel disease with typical endoscopic features of multiple sessile polyps in the rectum and sigmoid colon, located at the apices of transverse folds. Microscopically, the polyps consist of elongated, tortuous, and distended crypts covered by a "cap" of inflammatory granulation tissue. In this report, we present a case of a 18-year-old male patient who underwent polypectomy for polyposis in multiple settings. He presented with one year of painless rectal bleeding and polyposis in a recto-sigmoid area on colonoscopy, with a single polyp in the sigmoid area and multiple polyps in the rectum. He was managed with immediate and interval polypectomy. Though cap polyposis is rare, it can be cured as it is laparoscopically resectable. Keywords: case reports; granulation tissue; inflammatory bowel diseases; polyps.


Subject(s)
Colonic Polyps , Colorectal Neoplasms , Male , Humans , Adolescent , Colonic Polyps/diagnosis , Colonic Polyps/surgery , Colonoscopy , Rectum , Inflammation
2.
JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc ; 61(257): 50-53, 2023 Jan 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37203928

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Multimorbidity is defined as the co-occurrence of two or more chronic conditions in the same individual. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus rarely occurs without coexisting diseases. With an increasing elder population and longevity, elder adults have a higher prevalence of chronic morbidity, thus increasing the chances of experiencing more than one non-communicable chronic condition, where the impact of multimorbidity is greater than the cumulative effect of the single condition. The study aimed to find out the prevalence of multimorbidity in diabetic patients admitted to a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted utilising hospital records of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to the Department of Medicine from 1 April 2021 to 1 April 2022. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee of the same institute (Reference number: 12082022/07). The diagnosed cases of type 2 diabetic patients aged more than 18 years and confirmed with serum glucose levels were included in the study. Convenience sampling was used. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. Results: Out of the 107 diabetic patients, multimorbidity was present in 75 patients (70.10%) (61.42-78.77, 95% Confidence Interval). Conclusions: The prevalence of multimorbidity is higher than the similar studies done in similar settings. Keywords: co-morbidity; diabetes mellitus; multimorbidity; osteoarthritis.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Adult , Humans , Aged , Tertiary Care Centers , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology , Multimorbidity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hospitalization
3.
JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc ; 61(265): 695-698, 2023 Sep 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38289803

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a prevalent respiratory condition with permanent and progressively decreasing airflow limitation. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease causes more than 3 million deaths per year globally, making it the third leading cause of death globally. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among patients admitted to the Department of Medicine in a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Medicine of a tertiary care centre. Data from 1 January 2022 to 30 December 2022 were collected between 15 June 2023 to 30 June 2023 from the hospital records and reviewed. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee. All the patients admitted to the Department of Medicine during the study period were included in the study. The patients with incomplete medical records were excluded from the study. Convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval. Results: Among 280 patients, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was found in 68 (24.29%) (19.27-29.31, 95% Confidence Interval) with a mean age of 70.62±10.39 years and a mean pack year of 16.72±7.67. Conclusions: The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among patients admitted to the Department of Medicine was similar to the other studies done in similar settings. Keywords: COPD; inpatients; prevalence; tertiary hospital.


Subject(s)
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive , Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Tertiary Care Centers , Cross-Sectional Studies , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology , Hospitalization , Research Design
4.
JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc ; 61(265): 718-722, 2023 Sep 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38289800

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Sudden neurological deficits due to an acute focal vascular injury of the central nervous system is stroke. It is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Dyslipidemia is any abnormality in the parameter of the lipid profile which has been associated with stroke. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of dyslipidemia among patients with ischemic stroke in the Department of Medicine of a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care centre among admitted ischemic stroke patients from 5 August 2022 to 14 March 2023 after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. Overnight fasting blood samples were collected for lipid profile. Convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval. Results: Among 79 ischemic stroke patients, 42 (53.16%) (42.09-64.23, at 95% Confidence Interval) had dyslipidemia where high cholesterol was seen in 21 (50%), high triglyceride in 22 (52.38%), high low-density lipoprotein 14 (33.33%) and low high-density lipoprotein in 20 (47.61%). Conclusions: The prevalence of dyslipidemia among ischemic stroke patients was lower than the similar studies done in similar settings. Keywords: cross-sectional studies; dyslipidemia; hyperlipidemias; ischemic stroke.


Subject(s)
Dyslipidemias , Ischemic Stroke , Stroke , Humans , Ischemic Stroke/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Tertiary Care Centers , Dyslipidemias/epidemiology , Stroke/epidemiology , Lipids
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