ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Flutamide (FLU) is a non-steroidal antiandrogen drug approved for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. While this indication limits the use to male patients, FLU is widely prescribed to women, off-label, for the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (POCS) related hirsutism and acne. According to the literature, its assumption is associated with a higher incidence of adverse events in women than in male patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature search was conducted in main databases targeting unwilling FLU effects in hepatic and reproductive function. References in the selected paper were also considered as an additional source of data. Human- and animal-based studies were separately considered. RESULTS: Twenty-three human-based studies were evaluated: ten were case reports, six were retrospective studies, four were prospective, two were surveillance studies, while the last was an observational study. Nine animal-based studies were also evaluated. CONCLUSIONS: Scientific contributions highlight that FLU is responsible for specific hepatotoxic profiles in the female gender. From the ethical point of view, off-label prescribing of FLU in women is not only substantially unlawful, but also, without major safeguards being granted, a potential source of liability for prescribers.
Subject(s)
Androgen Antagonists/adverse effects , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury , Flutamide/adverse effects , Female , Humans , Male , Prospective Studies , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Choroid plexus tumors (CPTs) are reported with an increasing incidence in dogs, and they call for a reexamination of histologic features and criteria of classification corresponding to their biological behavior. In this study, the human World Health Organization classification was applied to 16 canine CPTs, and the expression of molecules involved in neoplastic cell adhesion (E-cadherin, N-cadherin), invasion (doublecortin), and proliferation (Ki-67) was investigated. Mitotic index was found to be the main criterion for grading CPTs. Cell density and multilayering of papillae were also statistically associated with histologic grade. Intraventricular spread and parenchymal invasion was observed for tumors showing histologic benign features. E-cadherin was expressed in all CPT grades, independent of tumor invasion. N-cadherin immunolabeling was more expressed in grade I than high-grade CPTs, whereas doublecortin expression was not detected in CPTs. An increasing proliferative activity was observed in relation with histologic grade.
Subject(s)
Cadherins/metabolism , Choroid Plexus Neoplasms/veterinary , Dog Diseases/classification , Animals , Choroid Plexus Neoplasms/classification , Choroid Plexus Neoplasms/metabolism , Choroid Plexus Neoplasms/pathology , Dog Diseases/metabolism , Dog Diseases/pathology , Dogs , Female , Immunohistochemistry/veterinary , Male , Mitotic Index/veterinary , Neoplasm Grading/veterinaryABSTRACT
We report the experimental measurement of bipartite quantum correlations of an unknown two-qubit state. Using a liquid state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance setup and employing geometric discord, we evaluate the quantum correlations of a state without resorting to prior knowledge of its density matrix. The method is applicable to any 2 â d system and provides, in terms of number of measurements required, an advantage over full state tomography scaling with the dimension d of the unmeasured subsystem. The negativity of quantumness is measured as well for reference. We also observe the phenomenon of sudden transition of quantum correlations when local phase and amplitude damping channels are applied to the state.
ABSTRACT
Programa apoyado por la Sociedad Argentina de Nutrición cuyo propósito es asistir en la investigación de la realidad nutricinal argentina. En su estructura intervienen el diseño de encuestas y cuestionarios, y el procesamiento y análisis de datos mediante un conjunto de encuestadores en todo el país conectados a través de internet e integrados en el sistema ENAR(Encuestadores Argentinos)
Subject(s)
Data Collection , Information Systems , Nutrition Surveys , Food and Nutritional Surveillance , Nutrition Programs/organization & administrationABSTRACT
En el contexto del programa, se intentó describir la distribución del índice de masa corporal y su asociación con diversas variables, como fecha de nacimiento, sexo, y peso al nacer, así como estatura y peso actual
Subject(s)
Body Mass Index , Nutrition Surveys , Food and Nutritional Surveillance , ObesityABSTRACT
Programa apoyado por la Sociedad Argentina de Nutrición cuyo propósito es asistir en la investigación de la realidad nutricinal argentina. En su estructura intervienen el diseño de encuestas y cuestionarios, y el procesamiento y análisis de datos mediante un conjunto de encuestadores en todo el país conectados a través de internet e integrados en el sistema ENAR(Encuestadores Argentinos)
Subject(s)
Nutrition Programs/organization & administration , Nutrition Surveys , Food and Nutritional Surveillance/methods , Data Collection , Information SystemsABSTRACT
En el contexto del programa, se intentó describir la distribución del índice de masa corporal y su asociación con diversas variables, como fecha de nacimiento, sexo, y peso al nacer, así como estatura y peso actual
Subject(s)
Food and Nutritional Surveillance , Body Mass Index , Obesity/diagnosis , Nutrition SurveysABSTRACT
Estudio diseñado para evaluar si la conducta alimentaria en pacientes obesos puede estar influenciada por alteraciones como cuadros de depresión y/o ansiedad. Su objetivo es estimar la prevalencia de estos estados en una muestra de pacientes obesos diagnosticados por Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC), mayores de 18 años, de ambos sexos, y derivados por sus médicos tratantes
Subject(s)
Anxiety Disorders , Depression/diagnosis , Modalities, Alimentary , ObesityABSTRACT
Estudio diseñado para evaluar si la conducta alimentaria en pacientes obesos puede estar influenciada por alteraciones como cuadros de depresión y/o ansiedad. Su objetivo es estimar la prevalencia de estos estados en una muestra de pacientes obesos diagnosticados por Indice de Masa Corporal (IMC), mayores de 18 años, de ambos sexos, y derivados por sus médicos tratantes
Subject(s)
Obesity/diagnosis , Obesity/psychology , Anxiety Disorders/diagnosis , Depression/diagnosis , Modalities, AlimentaryABSTRACT
Estudio cuyo objetivo es establecer posibles diferencias entre los valores de porcentaje de grasa corporal total empleando la ecuación que suma cuatro pliegues cutáneos, y la medición por interactancia infrarroja en pacientes adultos. Se comparan los datos obtenidos por cada método sobre una población de 61 pacientes, y se analizan sus principales características
Subject(s)
Adipose Tissue , Body Mass Index , Skinfold ThicknessABSTRACT
Estudio cuyo objetivo es establecer posibles diferencias entre los valores de porcentaje de grasa corporal total empleando la ecuación que suma cuatro pliegues cutáneos, y la medición por interactancia infrarroja en pacientes adultos. Se comparan los datos obtenidos por cada método sobre una población de 61 pacientes, y se analizan sus principales características
Subject(s)
Skinfold Thickness , Body Mass Index , Adipose TissueABSTRACT
We performed 56 HDIVG administrations in adults (26) and children (30) affected by idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura with two different schedules: a five-day course at 400 mg/kg/d and a "bolus" 1 gr/kg. Forty-five cases were treated in preparation for surgical operations and eleven for bleeding episodes. Response to the five-day course in adults was good in 3/24, fair in 13/24, poor in 8/24, while in children it was good in 14/26, fair in 9/26, poor in 3/26. The difference between adults and children is statistically significant. None of the responder patients submitted to surgical operation needed platelet infusions during surgery. Response to the "bolus" schedule (6 cases) in adults was poor in 1 case and good in the other one, and in children, fair in 3 cases and good in the other one. In responder patients treated for bleeding episodes we obtained clinical improvement with hemorrhage arrest. In adults the treatment was well-tolerated, while in children we observed 3/30 mild side effects and 1/30 important side effect.
