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1.
Clin Exp Allergy ; 37(8): 1137-42, 2007 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17651142

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Little is known about time trends of allergic respiratory disease in adults, in particular in older adults. Furthermore, few trend studies have used objective measurements of IgE sensitization against inhalant allergens. OBJECTIVES: To investigate time trends of aeroallergen sensitization in adults over a 25-year period. METHODS: The study includes a total of 7820 persons, aged 30, 40, 50, and 60 years, who participated in three repeated cross-sectional studies of the general population of Copenhagen, Denmark, in 1976-1977, 1982-1984, and 1999-2001, respectively. Respiratory allergy was assessed by determination of specific IgE aeroallergen sensitization in stored serum samples. RESULTS: Over this 25-year period, a marked and statistically significant increase in the prevalence of aeroallergen sensitization had occurred. This increase was seen in all age-groups challenging the notion that the allergy epidemic only affects generations born 1960 onwards. For example, in 40-year-olds the prevalence (with 95% confidence intervals) of aeroallergen sensitization was 14.9% (12.7-17.1), 19.7% (17.1-22.3), and 27.6% (25.1-30.1) in 1976-1977, 1982-1984, and 1999-2001, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support that the allergy epidemic has spread to older adults resulting in a continuing increase in the overall prevalence of aeroallergen sensitization and an increase in the mean age of allergic patients.


Subject(s)
Allergens , Environmental Illness/epidemiology , Inhalation Exposure , Respiratory Hypersensitivity/epidemiology , Adult , Age Factors , Allergens/immunology , Environmental Illness/blood , Environmental Illness/immunology , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Immunoglobulin E/blood , Immunoglobulin E/immunology , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Respiratory Hypersensitivity/blood , Respiratory Hypersensitivity/immunology
2.
Aliment Pharmacol Ther ; 25(1): 73-81, 2007 Jan 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17229222

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Data on birth outcome after exposure to azathioprine or mercaptopurine during pregnancy is sparse. AIM: To examine the risk of adverse birth outcome among newborns of women exposed to azathioprine or mercaptopurine during pregnancy. METHODS: Data on drug use and births were obtained from Danish population registries. We included 76 exposed pregnancies in 69 women. Of these, we used 64 pregnancies exposed 30 days before conception or during the first trimester to examine the risk of congenital abnormalities, and 65 pregnancies exposed during the entire pregnancy to examine preterm birth and low birth weight at term. Their birth outcomes were compared with outcomes among women who did not fill prescriptions for azathioprine or mercaptopurine during pregnancy. RESULTS: Azathioprine- or mercaptopurine-exposed women had a higher risk of adverse birth outcomes than unexposed controls. However, when the comparison was limited to newborns of women with the same types of underlying disease, relative risks for spontaneous and induced preterm birth, low birth weight at term, and congenital abnormalities were 1.1 (95% CI: 0.5-2.4), 4.0 (95% CI: 1.5-10.8), 1.7 (95% CI: 0.3-8.7) and 1.1 (95% CI: 0.5-2.9), respectively. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that adverse birth outcomes were caused by the underlying disease rather than by use of azathioprine or mercaptopurine.


Subject(s)
Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/epidemiology , Azathioprine/adverse effects , Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects , Mercaptopurine/adverse effects , Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/epidemiology , Cohort Studies , Denmark/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature , Male , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications/drug therapy , Pregnancy Outcome
3.
Br J Cancer ; 94(1): 142-6, 2006 Jan 16.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16306874

ABSTRACT

We investigated whether maternal breast cancer affects birth outcome in a nationwide cohort study of 695 births from 1973 to 2002 of women with breast cancer with respect to preterm birth, low birth weight at term, stillbirth and congenital abnormalities as well as mean birth weight, compared with the outcomes of 33 443 births from unaffected mothers. There was no excess risk of adverse birth outcome for the 216 newborns of women with breast cancer before pregnancy. Stratification by mother's treatment did not change the results. For 37 newborns of women diagnosed during pregnancy, the prevalence ratio (PR) of preterm birth was 8.1 (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.8-17). However, 10 of the 12 preterm deliveries among these women were elective early deliveries. Among 442 births of women diagnosed in the 2 years from time of delivery, the PR of preterm birth was 1.4 (95% CI: 1.0-2.0), and the PR of low birth weight at term for boys was 2.9 (95% CI: 1.3-6.3). Overall, our results are reassuring regarding the risks of adverse birth outcome for breast cancer patients.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/complications , Congenital Abnormalities/etiology , Pregnancy Outcome , Adult , Cohort Studies , Congenital Abnormalities/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Incidence , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Premature Birth , Prevalence , Risk Factors
4.
J Thromb Haemost ; 3(2): 300-4, 2005 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15670036

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To examine possible associations of ABO blood types with the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in pregnancy and the puerperium. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a nested case-control study within a cohort of 71,729 women who gave birth to 126,783 children in the North Jutland County, Denmark, from 1980 to 2001. We identified 129 cases with VTE in pregnancy (n = 61) or the puerperium (n = 68), and 258 controls with no VTE. We collected information on ABO blood groups and possible maternal confounding factors and estimated the relative risk [odds ratio (OR)]. RESULTS: Women with an A or AB blood group had elevated risk estimates of VTE in pregnancy or the puerperium compared with women with a O blood group [adjusted ORs 2.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3, 4.3, and 2.0, 95% CI 0.7, 5.8, respectively]. No increased risk estimate was found for group B (adjusted OR 1.2, 95% CI 0.5, 3.0). The increased risk estimates of VTE for blood groups A and AB appeared present in both pregnancy (adjusted ORs of 3.9, 95% CI 1.5, 9.7, and 2.2, 95% CI 0.4, 12.5) and in the puerperium (adjusted ORs of 2.4, 95% CI 1.0, 4.9 and 2.7, 95% CI 0.8, 9.3). Furthermore, blood groups A and AB appeared to be associated with increased risk estimates for both DVT and pulmonary embolism. CONCLUSION: Keeping the modest statistical precision of our study in mind, blood groups A and AB may be associated with increased risk estimates for VTE in pregnancy and the puerperium.


Subject(s)
ABO Blood-Group System/physiology , Postpartum Period/blood , Predictive Value of Tests , Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular/etiology , Venous Thrombosis/etiology , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Female , Humans , Odds Ratio , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular/blood , Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular/epidemiology , Risk Assessment , Thromboembolism/blood , Thromboembolism/epidemiology , Thromboembolism/etiology , Venous Thrombosis/blood , Venous Thrombosis/epidemiology
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