[Work capacity status after acute craniocerebral trauma]. / Sostoianie trudosposobnosti posle ostroi cherepno-mozgovoi travmy.

The working capacity of 1,855 patients after craniocerebral trauma (CCT) was analysed. A unified approach to the diagnosis of the type and severity of the CCT in all stages of the follow-up and to active complex treatment was recorded. The chances of restoration of working capacity are higher in young individuals, males, those engaged in intellectual work, and in persons with trauma suffered in everyday life. The possibility of disability is high in persons of prepension age, females, persons engaged in qualified physical work, and in trauma suffered at work. Medical factors, the severity of the trauma and reversibility of the deficiency signs have a more marked and significant effect on the condition of the working capacity at the outcome of CCT.

[Characteristics of work-loss in diseases of the peripheral nervous system]. / K kharakteristike trudopoter' pri zabolevaniiakh perifericheskoi nervnoi sisteme.

Diseases of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) rank fourth among all causes of temporal loss of working ability and first in the structure of neurological morbidity causing temporal disability. Statistical service based on the principles of the International Classification of Diseases, Injuries and Causes of Death does not provide the neurologic service with data about loss of the working time due to PNS diseases. In the comprehensive work on the improvement of neurologic care of patients with PNS diseases conducted in Byelorussia an important place has been recently given to the systematic monitoring of the temporal disability rate which decreased by 28.3% over a period of 3 years (1983-1985).

[Neurologic manifestations of chronic arterial insufficiency of the lower extremities]. / Nevrologicheskie proiavleniia khronicheskoi arterial'noi nedostatochnosti nizhnikh konechnostei.

Neurological manifestations of lower limb chronic arterial insufficiency were studied in 1004 patients with abdominal aorta and its branches occlusion. Several often met neurological syndromes--neuritic, sympathicoalgetic, radicular (mono-, bi- and polyradicular), plexitis lumbosacralis and spinal, induced mainly by regional hemodynamic disturbances were singled out. Clinical peculiarities of these syndromes helping in differentiation of vascular surgical diseases from neurological ones are shown.

[Dyscirculatory encephalomyelopathy and the role of spinal osteochondrosis in its etiology]. / Distsirkuliatornaia éntsefalomielopatiia i rol' osteokhondroza pozvonochnika v ee vozniknovenii.

Clinical observations of 36 patients with chronic combined insufficiency of the cerebral and spinal circulation are presented. For denoting this clinical form the name "dyscirculatory encephalomyelopathy" is suggested. In the disease picture two leading syndromes, i.e. the cerebral and the spinal ones, are noted. Depending on the clinical manifestations at the disease onset three groups of patients are distinguished: in the first group the disease started from the general cerebral, in the second group from the spinal, and in the third group from both syndromes. As the disease progressed, these differences got levelled, and both syndromes became manifest. The principal cause of the dyscirculatory encephalomyelopathy consisted in general systemic vascular diseases, primarily, atherosclerosis. Vertebral osteochondritis is regarded as an additional etiological factor aggravating the dyscirculatory disturbances. A theoretical substantiation of the differentiation of the dyscirculatory encephalomyelopathy as a specific disease entity is suggested.

[Spontaneous spinal subarachnoidal hemorrhages]. / Spontannye spinal'nye subarakhnoidal'nye krovoizliianiia.

Spontaneous spinal subarachnoidal hemorrhages were diagnosed in 15 patients. Of these in 12 cases the diagnosis of the underlying disease was established. The main symptom of spontaneous subarachnoidal hemorrhages (SSH) is shown by the appearance of acute spinal pain, followed by meningeal and mild general cerebral disorders. Eventually most of the patients develop focal spinal symptoms. Depending upon the combinations and succession of these symptoms 4 clinical variants of SSH were distinguished. Appropriate evaluation of the anamnestic and clinical data, with the use of lumbar punctures, allows a correct diagnosis, although in an atypical development it may cause certain difficulties.

[Use of glucocorticoid hormones in multiple sclerosis]. / Primenenie gliukokortikoidnykh gormonov pri rasseianom skleroze

A long-term observation over patients with disseminated scleosis who were treated by glucorticoid hormones demonstrated that hormone therapy with short sessions and a standard scheme appeared to be uneffective. The presentation is based on an examination of 25 patients who had undergone a durative course of hormone therapy with an individual scheme of optimal doses equal to middle ones (30-40 mg of prednisolon) and a selection of maintenance doses used for a long time or with short intervals. Such forms of treatment were more effective. During treatment the authors used immunological tests and analysis of electrolytes in the blood, sugar, urea, etc. Hormone therapy is indicated in acute forms of disseminated sclerosis and in a remittent development in the stage of exacerbation in the II and III phases. Along with favourable effects in 3 patients there was a development of hormone dependency and complications.