ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) has been associated with an increased risk of vertebral fracture. To date, no studies have investigated the relationship between DISH and bone microstructure assessed by the trabecular bone score (TBS). METHODS: Cross-sectional study, nested in a prospective population-based cohort. All men (968) aged≥50 years were included. Clinical covariates, DISH, TBS, serum bone turnover markers and bone mineral density (BMD) were analyzed. RESULTS: Mean age of participants was 65 ± 9 years. 207 (21.6%) had DISH. DISH subjects were older, had higher body mass index (BMI) and abdominal perimeter, lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) than non-DISH (NDISH) subjects. Bone mineral density at the lumbar spine (LS-BMD) was significantly higher in the DISH group. TBS values were 1.317 [1.303-1.331] for DISH and 1.334 [1.327-1.341] for NDISH subjects, after adjusting by age, BMI, abdominal perimeter, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, MetS, GFR, serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), LS and femoral neck BMD (p = 0.03). Serum ALP levels were higher in DISH subjects, showing an inverse correlation with TBS that remained significant after adjusting by age and BMI. CONCLUSIONS: TBS values were significantly lower in men with DISH irrespective of age, BMI and BMD, suggesting that the presence of DISH might be related to a worse trabecular microstructure.
Subject(s)
Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal , Absorptiometry, Photon , Bone Density , Bone Remodeling , Cancellous Bone/diagnostic imaging , Child , Cohort Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Humans , Lumbar Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging , Male , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of ertapenem in patients hospitalized at home. PATIENTS & METHODS: Retrospective analysis of data from Spanish Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy (OPAT) registry. RESULTS: Data from 1428 patients (median age 70 years; 5.4% institutionalized) and 1547 infectious processes (24% self-administration) were analyzed. Clinical cure or improvement was achieved in 93.8% of cases. Rate of related readmissions was 4.2%, of clinically important complications -3.9%, and of adverse drug reactions -3.2%. High comorbidity burden, contagion in nursing home and certain types of infection were associated with worse prognosis. Self-administration was effective and safe, except in case of nursing home-acquired infections. CONCLUSION: Ertapenem OPAT was effective and safe. Caregivers in nursing homes should be better trained in OPAT-related procedures.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Ertapenem/administration & dosage , Home Care Services, Hospital-Based/statistics & numerical data , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects , Cohort Studies , Ertapenem/adverse effects , Female , Hispanic or Latino/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nursing Homes/statistics & numerical data , Outpatients/statistics & numerical data , Registries , Retrospective Studies , Self Administration/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
Men with Down's syndrome (DS) have an increased risk of cryptorchidism, but the mechanisms causing its onset are not clear. Cryptorchidism causes a primary testiculopathy responsible for infertility. SPAG5 mRNA is predominantly expressed in testis in pachytene spermatocytes. This observation prompted us to evaluate the expression of SPAG5 gene in five DS men with cryptorchidism and five normal healthy men (controls) by quantitative real-time PCR in peripheral blood leukocytes. We found that SPAG5 is over expressed in the five men with DS and cryptorchidism compared with five age- and sex-matched normal controls. This finding suggests that the increased expression of this gene may play a pathogenic role durin testicular development in subjects with DS and cryptorchidism.
Subject(s)
Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics , Cryptorchidism/blood , Down Syndrome/blood , Leukocytes/metabolism , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Cryptorchidism/genetics , Down Syndrome/genetics , Humans , Karyotyping , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Anßlisis retrospectivo de una muestra de prestaciones médicas, donde se tomaron como referencia los diagnósticos finales obtenidos de la base informatizada del sistema, y se presentan los resultados numéricos y porcentuales de los auxilios realizados entre 2001 y Junio de 2003
Subject(s)
Ambulatory Care , Health Services Statistics , Emergency Medical Services/trendsABSTRACT
Anßlisis retrospectivo de una muestra de prestaciones médicas, donde se tomaron como referencia los diagnósticos finales obtenidos de la base informatizada del sistema, y se presentan los resultados numéricos y porcentuales de los auxilios realizados entre 2001 y Junio de 2003
Subject(s)
Ambulatory Care , Emergency Medical Services/trends , Health Services StatisticsABSTRACT
Five Large White pigs of 62.2 +/- 1.4 kg mean body weight were fitted with permanent catheters in the portal vein and carotid artery and with an electromagnetic flow probe around the portal vein to study the absorption of volatile fatty acids (VFA) by measuring the concentration of these metabolites in hourly blood samples, and by determining the portal blood flow rate for a period of 12 h after intake of a single 800-g meal (6% crude fiber) preceded by 12 or 24 h of fasting. The portal concentration of VFA mixture always highly exceeded the arterial concentration. The arterial concentrations of propionic, butyric, valeric and isovaleric acids were nearly null, accounting for an almost complete uptake of these VFA by the liver. Acetic acid also was taken up, but to a lesser extent. Total VFA absorption during 12 h was 64% higher (P less than .05) after 12 h (1,160 +/- 100 mmol/12 h) than after 24 h of preprandial fasting (740 +/- 83 mmol/12 h). It increased after the meal (P less than .05) from 82.3 +/- 7.8 mmol/h between the first and fourth hour to 107.8 +/- 7.5 mmol/h between the fifth and tenth hour when the preprandial fasting lasted 12 h; a nonsignificant increase also was found when fasting prior to the meal lasted 24 h. The composition of the VFA mixture was not modified by the length of preprandial fasting. With this type of diet there was a large predominance of acetic acid (52%) followed by propionic and butyric acids (36 and 8.5%, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Subject(s)
Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism , Food Deprivation , Intestinal Absorption , Swine/metabolism , Animals , Fatty Acids, Volatile/blood , Liver Circulation , Male , OrchiectomyABSTRACT
The appearance of nutrients (amino nitrogen and reducing sugars) and microbial metabolites (volatile fatty acids, VFA) was measured quantitatively in five pigs. After ingestion of a semi-synthetic diet (RFL) containing 22% lucerne meal (6% crude fibre), the absorption of reducing sugars (RS) in the small intestine was high (97.8%) and that of VFA low (880 +/- mmoles/24 hrs.). Ingestion of a semi-synthetic diet (RLa) containing 22% lactose and 6% purified cellulose led to lower absorption of RS (85.2%) and a higher absorption of VFA (1,180 +/- mmoles/24 hrs).
Subject(s)
Dietary Carbohydrates/pharmacology , Dietary Fats/metabolism , Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism , Intestinal Absorption/drug effects , Swine/metabolism , Animals , Intestine, Small/drug effects , Intestine, Small/metabolismABSTRACT
Nutrient and volatile fatty acid (VFA) absorption to portal blood was measured twice at 7 days interval in five pigs fed a semi-synthetic diet containing 6 (R6) or 16% (R16) purified cellulose for 21 or 7 days. The daily absorption (24 hrs.) of VFA in the large intestine which was larger (NS) when the cellulose level rose, increased significantly (P less than 0.05) with increasing length of adaptation (21 to 28 d.) to the diet whatever the cellulose level. The supplementary daily supply of energy in the form of VFA after increase of the cellulose level did not compensate for the corresponding deficit of absorption of reducing sugars and crude protein in the small intestine.
