Long-Smoldering T-prolymphocytic Leukemia: A Case Report and a Review of the Literature.

T-prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL) is a rare malignancy of mature T-cells with distinct clinical, cytomorphological, and molecular genetic features. The disease typically presents at an advanced stage, with marked leukocytosis, B symptoms, hepatosplenomegaly, and bone marrow failure. It usually follows an aggressive course from presentation, and the prognosis is often considered dismal; the median overall survival is less than one year with conventional chemotherapy. This case report describes a patient with T-PLL who, after an unusually protracted inactive phase, ultimately progressed to a highly invasive, organ-involving disease. After initial treatments failed, a novel treatment approach resulted in a significant response.

Aplastic anaemia. / Aplastisk anemi.

Aplastic anaemia is a rare form of bone marrow failure characterised by loss of haematopoietic stem cells, bone marrow suppression and insufficient production of blood cells. If left untreated, the condition is very serious with short life expectancy, but a large proportion of patients recover with the aid of immunosuppression or allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

Hypoglycemia and decreased insulin requirement caused by malignant insulinoma in a type 1 diabetic patient: when the hoof beats are from a zebra, not a horse.

Insulinomas are uncommon tumors, and in patients with diabetes mellitus they are extremely rare. We describe a patient with type 1 diabetes who developed malignant insulinoma. When hypoglycemic episodes persist in a patient with diabetes and treatment-induced and other causes of hypoglycemia have been ruled out, an insulin-producing tumor should be considered.