Effect of low-energy laser irradiation on the area of experimental myocardial infarction, lipid peroxidation, and hemoglobin affinity for oxygen.

The mechanism of antiischemic effect of low-energy laser radiation was studied in rats with experimental myocardial infarction taking into consideration the effect of laser on hemoglobin affinity for oxygen and intensity of lipid peroxidation. Low-energy laser irradiation for 15 min in vitro decreased the area of myocardial infarction, slightly reduced hemoglobin affinity for oxygen, and inhibited lipid peroxidation. Short-term low-energy laser irradiation did not reduce the area of necrosis, initiated lipid peroxidation, and increased superoxide dismutase activity.

[Role of electrolytes in the pathogenesis of arterial spasm and muscle cramps in varicose veins of the lower limbs]. / Rol' élektrolitov v patogeneze arterial'nogo spazma i myshechnyk sudorog pri varikoznoi bolezni nizhnikh konechnostei.

The blood magnesium and calcium content and the blood flow in the limbs was studied in 68 patients suffering from varicosity, 42 of whom had trophic ulcers of the legs. It was established that diminished content of magnesium in blood serum contributes to the development of hypercalcemia, spasm of arterioles, and the occurrence of muscular convulsions and trophic disorders and thus plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of changes of the blood flow and trophic disorders. Administration of magnesium preparations in the preoperative period improved circulation in the limb and relieved muscular convulsions completely.

[Analysis of trace elements of the brain and liver tissues in Wilson's disease]. / Mikroélementnyi analiz tkanei mozga i pecheni pri bolezni Vi'lsona-Konovalova.

In a patients with extrapyramidal-cortical form of the Wilson-Konovalov disease, brain and liver tissues were tested for Ca, Cu, Fe, Ka, Mg, Mn, Mo, P, Pb, Se, Sn, Sz, Zn, S, using plasma emission spectrometry. The tissues autopsied from 2 cerebral hemorrhage victims served as controls. Hepatic Cu concentration was increased 24-fold (6.89 mumole/g of tissue dry weight); Cu accumulation in the brain cortex and basal ganglia were 10 times as high as control levels; hepatic (8.78 mumole/g) and brain cortical (2.23 mumole/g) Zn contents were higher than controls, respectively by factors of 2 and 1.7; hepatic S content (289.4 mumole/g) was 1.2 times the control level; Mn brain content was above the control value. Mg was below the appreciable amount in the brain that was not the case in control. On the contrary, Sr was detected only in basal ganglia and liver in the patient and not detected in control tissues. Pb content in the patient's liver was above the control level.

Prostaglandins, steroids and reception (an attempt to model the structure of the active centers of adrenoreception).

On the basis of numerous results of investigations on adrenergic systems, an orientational model of the adrenoreceptor (AR) is postulated. Its active center includes low-molecular-weight components--prostaglandins (PGE, PGF), steroids (cortisone, hydrocortisone), S+-adenosylmethionine, Ca, Mg, and Mn ions. Appraisal of the stereospecific characteristics of such a functional unit of AR explains the difference in the nature and magnitude of the effects of interaction of the catecholamines, their agonists and antagonists will the so-called alpha- and beta-AR. Depending on the organ or tissue in which the AR is located, its protein subunits comprise adenylcyclase (beta-AR) or Na,K-ATPase (alpha-AR). An obligatory component of the AR is catechol-O-methyltransferase. The model elaborated describes satisfactorily the molecular mechanisms of action of many pharmacological agents, explains why attempts to isolate and reconstruct the AR have proved fruitless, and gives grounds for rejecting the hypothesis that there exist steroid, prostaglandin, and purinergic receptors, linking the exceptionally high and diverse activity of these biologically active substances with their participation in adrenoreception among other reasons. A conception of the active centers of the AR as low-molecular-weight entities permits the explanation of such phenomena as the desensitization of the AR, the "interconversion" of beta-AR into alpha-AR with a change in the parameters of the medium, and certain components of the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma, etc.