[Characteristics of microecological disturbances during endometritis].

AIM: To study the state of vaginal microbiocenosis in women with endometritis and to assess association between microecological disturbances and characteristic of clinical course of the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred women of childbearing age with endometritis were studied, of which 83 had acute form of the disease, and 117 - chronic form. Control group was comprised by 30 clinically healthy women. Antilysozyme, anticomplement, and antilactoferrin activities were determined in isolated and identified microorganisms. Microecological disturbances in vaginal biotope were determined applying criteria proposed by Sokolova K.Ya. et al. and Amsel R. et al. RESULTS: Microecological disturbances in vaginal biotope were revealed on women with endometritis - in particular, bacterial vaginosis, deficiency of dominant microflora (lactobacilli), and the presence of associate microorganisms with clearly expressed persistence characteristics. On the background of microecological disturbances course of endometritis was characterized by high rate of relapses and reduction of remission period. CONCLUSION: Association of endometritis with different types of dysbiotic states of vaginal biotope could be used for prediction of the disease course as well as for correction of microecological disturbances during treatment of endometritis.

[Microfolds in the suprablastoporal zone of the frog gastrula and their relationship to the geometry and mechanics of gastrulation]. / Mikroskladki v suprablastoral'noi zone gastruly liagushki i ikh otnoshenie k geometrii i mekhanike gastruliatsii.

Spatial distribution and orientation of microfolds arising during invagination of the outer layer of suprablastoporal zone into the blastopore dorsal lip and changes of the lip shape were studied in Rana ridibunda embryos using statistical analysis of a normal individual variability. Active invagination of the cells into the lip correlated with deviation of the orientation of microfolds from the normal in the points of their intersection with the zone of dorsal lip inflection and their orientation is normalized upon transition of the cells across the inflection zone. Frequency distribution of the angle of microfold deviation from the normal is close to the exponential and, therefore, the angle of deviation is an analog of the potential energy of cells-components of the microfold: the bigger the deviation angle, the higher the potential energy. The minimum potential energy is observed at the normal orientation of microfolds, i.e., when it coincides with the radius of the dorsal lip curvature at the point of intersection with the microfold. The following mechanism of dorsal lip formation has been proposed: equatorial contraction of cells upon their invagination into the dorsal lip causes deviation of cell flux orientation from the normal orientation and the normal orientation is restored through an increase in the local curvature of dorsal lip. When the orientation of cell fluxes is normalized, invagination of cells in the dorsal lip ceases. The wave of normalization overtakes the wave of cell invagination into the dorsal lip at the lip angle length 120 degrees. At this moment, the archenteron roof is mechanically detached from the superficial cells of the suprablastoporal zone and lateral blastopore lips and this determines separation of the presumptive notochord.

[Microbial ecology of laboratory animals as a model in evaluation of the immunomodulating and antimicrobial agents]. / Mikrobnaia ékologiia laboratornykh zhivotnykh kak model' pri otsenke immunomoduliruiushchikh i antimikrobnykh agentov.

Rats with altered microbial ecology and decreased colonization resistance due to neutropenia induced by cyclophosphamide were used as a model for estimating the effect of bacterial polysaccharides (lactulose and exopolysaccharide from Bacillus polymyxa) and fluoroquinolones (pefloxacin). Monotherapy with pefloxacin had a favourable effect both on normalization on the intestinal microflora in the rats and their hemopoiesis (decreased neutropenia). The highest correcting effect with respect to the lowered colonization resistance was observed when pefloxacin was used in combination with exopolysaccharide.

[Effect of antibiotics on excretion of various microbial metabolites with feces]. / Vliianie antibiotikov na ékskretsiiu s fekaliiami nekotorykh mikrobnykh metabolitov.

Concentrations of volatile fatty acids, free amino acids, ammonia, protein, carbohydrates, carboxylic acids and some cations were determined in feces of intact animals (rats) chromatographically and spectroscopically. Oral administration of 8 chemotherapeutic drugs in the therapeutic doses to the animals resulted in changing excretion of the majority of the above compounds associated with vital activity of the large intestine microflora which depended on the drug type. Investigation of metabolic activity of normal microflora of the gastrointestinal tract is shown promising for estimation of intestinal microbial biocenosis.

[Comparative analysis of 2 Bacillus polymyxa strains differing in the spectrum of exogenous polysaccharides produced]. / Sravnitel'nyi analiz 2 shtammov Bacillus polymyxa, razlichaiushchikhsia po spektru produtsiruemykh ékzogennykh polisakharidov.

The characteristic features of the development of 2 Bacillus polymyxa strains differing in the spectrum of the produced extracellular heteropolysaccharides were compared. The strains were grown on solid media and under submerged conditions. Electron microscopy revealed marked differences in the ultrastructure of the developing cultures. It was noted that the mutant variant B formed a vigorous fibrillar and capsular layer of the polysaccharide nature strictly oriented in the space perpendicularly to the cell surface. Changes in the mutant growth processes were characterized by a lower growth rate of the cell population. In the process of growth the initial culture did not form structured capsules and was lysogenic. Pronounced differences in the proteolytic activity were indicative of a definite interrelation between sporulation of the strains and activity of their exoproteases. The regularities of the development of the mutant strain of B. polymyxa allowed one to define the fundamental approaches to development of optimal cultivation conditions for the organism producing extracellular polysaccharides.

[Exopolysaccharide formation during the cultivation of Bacillus polymyxa on different carbohydrate substrates]. / Obrazovanie ékzopolisakharidov pri kul'tivirovanii Bacillus polymyxa na razlichnykh uglevodnykh substratakh.

The effect of the carbohydrate source in the cultivation medium on the intensity of the synthesis of exopolysaccharides of two variants of Bacillus polymyxa was studied. No significant effect of the nature of the carbohydrate source on accumulation of the culture biomass was observed, while the fermentation broth viscosity, the yield of the extracellular polysaccharides and their monosaccharide composition, as well as the ratio of the neutral and acid components significantly changed. Differences in the composition and properties of the exopolysaccharides produced in the cultures of the variant strain under identical conditions were noted. Certain correlation between the exoproduct yield and the quantity of the accumulated biomass, as well as between the composition of the exopolysaccharides and viscosity of the fermentation broth was shown, which ensures a goal-oriented effect on the synthesis of the exopolysaccharide complex by variation of the medium composition.