ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To compare the visual disturbances experienced by patients receiving 1 of 3 extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) intraocular lenses (IOLs) or a monofocal IOL as the control. SETTING: OMIQ-Recerca Center. Spain. DESIGN: Prospective comparative randomized double-blind study. METHODS: 22 patients were included per group. The IOLs evaluated were the AcrySof IQ Vivity (Vivity group), AT LARA 829MO (AT Lara group), or TECNIS Symfony ZXR00 (Symfony group) and the monofocal AcrySof IQ SN60WF (Monofocal group). The variables analyzed were the light distortion index (LDI), best-fit circle radius (BFC Rad ), and self-reported vision quality with a questionnaire (QoV). Outcomes were evaluated at the 3-month follow-up visit. RESULTS: Under monocular conditions, no differences between groups were detected for the LDI and BFC Rad . Under binocular conditions, significant differences in both variables were produced. The Monofocal group reported better values than Symfony ( P = .025; P = .024) and AT Lara ( P = .002; P = .002) groups. The Vivity group reported better values than Symfony ( P = .015; P = .014) and AT Lara ( P = .001; P = .001) groups. Halos were not reported by 81.8% (18) of patients in the Vivity group, 90.9% (20) of patients in the Monofocal group, 50% (11) of patients in the AT Lara group, and 59% (13) of patients in the Symfony group. CONCLUSIONS: The diffractive EDOF IOL models examined in this study induced similar visual disturbances, which were worse than those produced by the nondiffractive extended-range IOL and the monofocal IOL. The nondiffractive lens and the monofocal lens did not show differences.
Subject(s)
Lenses, Intraocular , Phacoemulsification , Humans , Lens Implantation, Intraocular , Prospective Studies , Visual Acuity , Vision Disorders/etiology , Prosthesis Design , Patient SatisfactionABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Early recognition of risk factors associated with overweight/obesity is an important step towards preventing long-term health consequences. The aim of the current study was to examine the associations of the adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with adiposity in preschool children from the north of Spain. METHODS: The adherence to the MDP (KIDMED), CRF (20-m shuttle run test), total (BMI) and central (waist circumference) adiposity and socio-demographic factors were assessed in 619 children (48.6% girls) who were on average 4.7 years old. RESULTS: Higher MDP index (P < 0.05) and CRF levels (P < 0.01) were significantly related to lower waist circumference. CRF was inversely associated with BMI (P ≤ 0.001), yet no significant association was observed between MDP and BMI. Children not having high CRF levels and high MDP (i.e., non-upper sex-specific tertile of CRF or MDP, respectively) had the highest waist circumference. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support that higher adherence to the MDP and higher CRF are associated with lower waist circumference in preschool children, pointing them as relevant modifiable factors to be targeted by educational strategies aiming to prevent central obesity and later obesity-related comorbidities.
Subject(s)
Cardiorespiratory Fitness , Diet, Mediterranean , Obesity, Abdominal/diet therapy , Patient Compliance , Pediatric Obesity/prevention & control , Adiposity , Body Mass Index , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Sex Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Spain , Waist CircumferenceABSTRACT
Objective: To check whether secular changes exist in growth pattern of caucasic children from the North of Spain up to 2 years of age compared with 25-30 years ago population growth curves. Material and methods: Longitudinal study of a representative cohort of caucasic infants born a term in Aragon (n=1.099). Standard deviation scores (z-scores) for weight, length and body mass index (BMI) have been calculated by two available 25-30 years ago population growth curves (Sobradillo et al. and Ferrández et al.). Results: At all ages, weight, length and BMI mean z-scores significantly vary depending on the growth standard curve used (p≤0.001). At birth, weight z-score is -0.36 (95%CI:-0.42;-0.30) according to Sobradillo et al. and -0.26 (95%CI:-0.29;0.33) according to Ferrández et al. These differences decreased progressively becoming minimum at 2 years (mean weight z-score -0.08 and -0.05; respectively). At this age, length mean z-score is +0.54 (95%CI:0.48;0.61) according to Sobradillo et al. and +0.19 (95%CI:0.12;0.25) according to Ferrández et al. Mean BMI z-scores of our sample showed lower values than selected standards. Conclusions: Current birth weight of caucasic infants from Northern Spain is lower than in the previous generation. At 2 years of age there is a trend of increasing length, with a similar weight, resulting in lower BMI values (AU)
Objetivo: Comprobar si existen cambios seculares en el patrón de crecimiento de los niños caucásicos en el norte de España hasta los 2 años de edad, en comparación con los estándares poblacionales disponibles de hace 25-30 años. Material y métodos: Estudio longitudinal de una cohorte representativa de la población de niños aragoneses caucásicos nacidos a término (n=1.099). Se han calculado las puntuaciones típicas (Pt) para el peso, longitud e índice de masa corporal (IMC) según dos estándares disponibles de hace 25-30 años (Sobradillo et al. y Ferrández et al.). Resultados: Las Pt medias de peso, longitud e IMC de la muestra varían significativamente según el estándar empleado en todas las edades estudiadas (p≤0,001). Al nacimiento, la Pt media para el peso es -0,36 (IC95%:-0,42;-0,30) respecto a los estándares de Sobradillo et al. y -0,26 (IC95%:-0,29;0,33) respecto a los de Ferrández et al. Estas diferencias se atenúan paulatinamente haciéndose mínimas a los 2 años (Pt media para el peso -0,08 y -0,05; respectivamente). A los 2 años de edad, la Pt media para la longitud es +0,54 (IC95%:0,48;0,61) respecto a Sobradillo et al. y +0,19 (IC95%:0,12;0,25) respecto a Ferrández et al. El IMC de nuestra muestra presenta valores inferiores respecto a los estándares seleccionados. Conclusión: El peso al nacer de los niños caucásicos del norte de España en la actualidad es menor que en la generación anterior. A los 2 años de edad se comprueba una aceleración secular de la longitud pero con un peso similar, lo que conlleva valores inferiores de IMC (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Growth , Child Development , Body Weights and Measures/statistics & numerical data , Weight by Height , Weight by Age , Anthropometry , Body Mass IndexABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To check whether secular changes exist in growth pattern of caucasic children from the North of Spain up to 2 years of age compared with 25-30 years ago population growth curves. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Longitudinal study of a representative cohort of caucasic infants born a term in Aragon (n=1.099). Standard deviation scores (z-scores) for weight, length and body mass index (BMI) have been calculated by two available 25-30 years ago population growth curves (Sobradillo et al. and Ferrández et al.). RESULTS: At all ages, weight, length and BMI mean z-scores significantly vary depending on the growth standard curve used (p≤0.001). At birth, weight z-score is -0.36 (95%CI:-0.42;-0.30) according to Sobradillo et al. and -0.26 (95%CI:-0.29;0.33) according to Ferrández et al. These differences decreased progressively becoming minimum at 2 years (mean weight z-score -0.08 and -0.05; respectively). At this age, length mean z-score is +0.54 (95%CI:0.48;0.61) according to Sobradillo et al. and +0.19 (95%CI:0.12;0.25) according to Ferrández et al. Mean BMI z-scores of our sample showed lower values than selected standards. CONCLUSIONS: Current birth weight of caucasic infants from Northern Spain is lower than in the previous generation. At 2 years of age there is a trend of increasing length, with a similar weight, resulting in lower BMI values.
Objetivo: Comprobar si existen cambios seculares en el patrón de crecimiento de los niños caucásicos en el norte de España hasta los 2 años de edad, en comparación con los estándares poblacionales disponibles de hace 25-30 años. Material y métodos: Estudio longitudinal de una cohorte representativa de la población de niños aragoneses caucásicos nacidos a término (n=1.099). Se han calculado las puntuaciones típicas (Pt) para el peso, longitud e índice de masa corporal (IMC) según dos estándares disponibles de hace 25-30 años (Sobradillo et al. y Ferrández et al.). Resultados: Las Pt medias de peso, longitud e IMC de la muestra varían significativamente según el estándar empleado en todas las edades estudiadas (p≤0,001). Al nacimiento, la Pt media para el peso es -0,36(IC95%:-0,42;-0,30) respecto a los estándares de Sobradillo et al. y -0,26 (IC95%:-0,29;0,33) respecto a los de Ferrández et al. Estas diferencias se atenúan paulatinamente haciéndose mínimas a los 2 años (Pt media para el peso -0,08 y -0,05; respectivamente). A los 2 años de edad, la Pt media para la longitud es +0,54(IC95%:0,48;0,61) respecto a Sobradillo et al. y +0,19(IC95%:0,12;0,25) respecto a Ferrández et al. El IMC de nuestra muestra presenta valores inferiores respecto a los estándares seleccionados. Conclusión: El peso al nacer de los niños caucásicos del norte de España en la actualidad es menor que en la generación anterior. A los 2 años de edad se comprueba una aceleración secular de la longitud pero con un peso similar, lo que conlleva valores inferiores de IMC.
