Subject(s)
Francisella tularensis/immunology , O Antigens/chemistry , Animals , Bacterial Vaccines/immunology , Blotting, Western , Carbohydrate Sequence , Cat Diseases/microbiology , Cats , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Francisella tularensis/classification , Francisella tularensis/pathogenicity , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Mice , Molecular Sequence Data , O Antigens/immunology , O Antigens/isolation & purification , Silver Staining , Tularemia/microbiology , Tularemia/veterinary , Vaccines, Attenuated/immunology , VirulenceABSTRACT
This study was undertaken to test for differential gene expression in intramuscular adipocytes during fat deposition of feedlot steers. Angus x Hereford steers (n = 50) were fed a high-energy concentrate ration ad libitum for 20 (n = 5), 86 (n = 15), 121 (n = 15), and 146 days (n = 15) to obtain various degrees of intramuscular adipocyte development. Carcass traits were significantly different (P < 0.05) between the groups. Intramuscular adipose tissue was excised from the longissimus dorsi and snap frozen in liquid nitrogen. Pooled samples of total RNA representing each group were analyzed by differential-display polymerase chain reaction using 200 primer combinations comprising 20 arbitrary (5') and 10 anchor (3') oligonucleotides. Bands (n = 70) representing putative differences among treatment groups were excised, sequenced, and subjected to BLAST homology search. From these, 40 contained significant homology to known genes. One was of particular interest, the translational repressor NAT1 (novel APOBEC-1 target-1). NAT1 mRNA was quantified in individual animals to confirm differential expression among treatment groups. Results indicate that NAT1 message is more abundant (P < 0.05) in intramuscular adipocytes of younger/leaner animals.
Subject(s)
Adipocytes/cytology , Animal Feed , Cattle/genetics , Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4G , Muscle, Skeletal/growth & development , Peptide Initiation Factors/genetics , Repressor Proteins/genetics , Adipose Tissue/cytology , Adipose Tissue/growth & development , Animals , Cattle/growth & development , Chromosome Mapping , DNA , Edible Grain , Gene Expression Profiling , Humans , Male , Meat , Muscle, Skeletal/cytology , Peptide Initiation Factors/biosynthesis , Protein Biosynthesis , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Repressor Proteins/biosynthesis , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sequence Homology, Nucleic AcidABSTRACT
During the period of attachment of the trophectoderm to the uterine lumenal surface in the pig, there is an increase in uterine blood flow and a localized hyperemic response induced by the developing conceptuses. The presence of tissue kallikrein in the porcine uterine lumen suggests that the kallikrein-kinin system may be functional during pregnancy in the pig. The objective of the present study was to determine the concentration of bradykinin within the uterine lumen during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy as well as endometrial gene expression and cellular localization of the bradykinin beta(2) receptor. Concentration of bradykinin in uterine flushings was greatest during estrus (Day 0) and Days 12-18 of the estrous cycle. However, there was a 5- to 10-fold increase in bradykinin content in pregnant uterine flushings on Days 12-18 of pregnancy compared with the estrous cycle. Endometrial bradykinin beta(2) receptor gene expression was greatest on Days 0, 12, 15, and 18 of the estrous cycle and pregnancy as gene expression decreased almost 6-fold on Days 5 and 10. Bradykinin beta(2) receptors were detected in the endometrial surface and glandular epithelium with greatest intensity of staining observed on Days 0, 12, 15, and 18 of the estrous cycle and pregnancy. Results from the present study suggest that the kallikrein-kinin system plays a role in the establishment of pregnancy in the pig.
