ABSTRACT
Three different stages of pig antral follicles have been studied in a granulosa-cell transcriptome analysis on nylon microarrays (1152 clones). The data have been generated from seven RNA follicle pools and several technical replicates were made. The objective of this paper was to state the feasibility of a transcriptomic protocol for the study of folliculogenesis in the pig. A statistical analysis was chosen, relying on the linear mixed model (LMM) paradigm. Low variability within technical replicates was hence checked with a LMM. Relevant genes that might be involved in the studied process were then selected. For the most significant genes, statistical methods such as principal component analysis and unsupervised hierarchical clustering were applied to assess their relevance, and a random forest analysis proved their predictive value. The selection of genes was consistent with previous studies and also allowed the identification of new genes whose role in pig folliculogenesis will be further investigated.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this paper is to describe three emerging computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems induced by Japanese health care needs. CAD has been developing fast in the last two decades. The idea of using a computer to help in medical image diagnosis is not new. Some pioneer studies are dated back to the 1960s. In 1998, the first U.S. FDA (Food and Drug Administration) approved commercial CAD system, a film-digitized mammography system, was launched by R2 Technologies, Inc. The success was quickly repeated by a number of companies. The approval of Medicare CAD reimbursement in the U.S. in 2001 further boosted the industry. Today, CAD has its significance in the economy of the medical industry. FDA approved CAD products in the field of breast imaging (mammography, ultrasonography and breast MRI) and chest imaging (radiography and CT) can be seen. In Japan, as part of the "Knowledge Cluster Initiative" of the government, three computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) projects are hosted at the Gifu University since 2004. These projects are regarding the development of CAD systems for the early detection of (1) cerebrovascular diseases using brain MRI and MRA images by detecting lacunar infarcts, unruptured aneurysms, and arterial occlusions; (2) ocular diseases such as glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and hypertensive retinopathy using retinal fundus images; and (3) breast cancers using ultrasound 3-D volumetric whole breast data by detecting the breast masses. The projects are entering their final development stage. Preliminary results are presented in this paper. Clinical examinations will be started soon, and commercialized CAD systems for the above subjects will appear by the completion of this project.
Subject(s)
Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted/methods , Health Services Needs and Demand , Brain/diagnostic imaging , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Diabetic Retinopathy/diagnosis , Diabetic Retinopathy/radiotherapy , Fundus Oculi , Humans , Japan , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , RadiographyABSTRACT
A case of posttransfusional immunologic thrombocytopenia is reported in a 75-year-od PlA1-negative woman. This was the second episode of postoperative and posttransfusion thrombocytopenia in the same patient who had had only one pregnancy. Both thrombocytopenic episodes were subclinical and discovered by systematical hematologic study. A potent anti-PlA1-antibody (titer 1/128) was demonstrated by the platelet-indirect radioactive Coombs test which appeared more sensitive than other platelet immunological assays used. The very long duration of the thrombocytopenia is discussed as well as the therapeutic possibilities in such cases.
