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SD, Rev. med. int. Síndr. Down (Ed. castell.) ; 17(2): 18-24, mayo-ago. 2013. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-115475

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el hipotiroidismo subclínico es frecuente en los primeros años de vida de los niños con síndrome de Down (SD). El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la evolución natural de esta patología identificando los factores que predicen su remisión espontánea. Material y métodos: estudio observacional retrospectivo sobre pacientes con SD e hipotiroidismo diagnosticado antes de los 5 años de edad, atendidos en un centro médico de referencia para SD. Resultados: se identificó a 53 pacientes con hipotiroidismo subclínico, 28 niños y 25 niñas, con una media de edad de 2,4 ± 1,1 años. El hipotiroidismo se resolvió espontáneamente en 39 casos (73,6%), en un tiempo medio de 13,2 ± 11,1 meses, y la tasa de resolución fue significativamente superior en los pacientes sin bocio: 94,9% (intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%: 81,2-99,3%) frente a 28,6% (IC del 95%: 4,4-37,7%), p < 0,05, y con anticuerpos antitiroideos negativos: 89,7% (IC del 95%: 74,6-96,2%) frente a 42,9% (IC del 95%: 20,7-56%), p < 0,05. Un total de 15 pacientes (28,3%) fueron tratados con levotiroxina. Conclusiones: el hipotiroidismo subclínico que aparece en la primera infancia en el SD suele ser transitorio. La ausencia de bocio y anticuerpos se asocia a una mayor tasa de resolución espontánea (AU)


Introduction: Subclinical hypothyroidism is common in the first years of life of children with Down’s syndrome (DS). The aim of this study was to analyse the natural evolution of this disease and to identify the factors that predict its spontaneous remission. Material and methods: A retrospective, observational study conducted on patients with DS and hypothyroidism diagnosed before 5 years of age, who were seen in a DS reference medical centre. Results: A total of 53 patients, 28 boys and 25 girls, with a mean age 2.4 ± 1.1 years, were identified with subclinical hypothyroidism. The hypothyroidism resolve spontaneously in 39 cases (73.6%), in a mean time of 13.2 ± 11.1 months, this resolution rate being significantly higher in the patients without goitre: 94.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 81.2-99.3%) vs 28.6% (95% CI: 4.4-37.7%), p < .05, and with negative antithyroid antibodies: 89.7% (95% CI: 74.6-96.2%), vs 42.9% (95% CI: 20.7–56%), p < .05). Fifteen patients (28.3%) were treated with levothyroxine. Conclusions: The subclinical hypothyroidism that appears in early infancy in DS is usually transient. The absence of goitre and antibodies is associated with a higher spontaneous resolution rate (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Hypothyroidism/complications , Hypothyroidism/diagnosis , Down Syndrome/complications , Down Syndrome/diagnosis , Thyroid Diseases/complications , Thyroid Diseases/epidemiology , Thyroid Function Tests/methods , Thyroid Gland/pathology , Thyroid Gland , Antithyroid Agents , Hypothyroidism/physiopathology , Hypothyroidism , Down Syndrome/physiopathology , Thyroid Hormones , Retrospective Studies , Anthropometry/instrumentation , Anthropometry/methods , Antithyroid Agents/metabolism
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