Middle-age abolishes cardioprotection conferred by thioredoxin-1 in mice.

Thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) has cardioprotective effects on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, although its role in ischemic postconditioning (PostC) in middle-aged mice is not understood. This study aimed to evaluate if combining two cardioprotective strategies, such as Trx1 overexpression and PostC, could exert a synergistic effect in reducing infarct size in middle-aged mice. Young or middle-aged wild-type mice (Wt), transgenic mice overexpressing Trx1, and dominant negative (DN-Trx1) mutant of Trx1 mice were used. Mice hearts were subjected to I/R or PostC protocol. Infarct size, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production, protein nitration, Trx1 activity, mitochondrial function, and Trx1, pAkt and pGSK3ß expression were measured. PostC could not reduce infarct size even in the presence of Trx1 overexpression in middle-aged mice. This finding was accompanied by a lack of Akt and GSK3ß phosphorylation, and Trx1 expression (in Wt group). Trx1 activity was diminished and H2O2 production and protein nitration were increased in middle-age. The respiratory control rate dropped after I/R in Wt-Young and PostC restored this value, but not in middle-aged groups. Our results showed that Trx1 plays a key role in the PostC protection mechanism in young but not middle-aged mice, even in the presence of Trx1 overexpression.

Clinical performance of sealants under different humidity control conditions: a split-mouth 1-year randomized trial.

PURPOSE: Sealants are an effective method of prevention and treatment for early caries lesions. This study analyzed the 1-year clinical performance of resin-based and ionomeric sealants applied to permanent teeth under different humidity conditions. METHODS: The investigation was a triple-blind randomized clinical trial (RCT) with a four arms split-mouth design, divided according to the sealant protocol: (1) Resin-based sealant applied with rubber dam isolation, (2) Resin-based sealant applied with cotton rolls isolation, (3) Ionomeric sealant applied with rubber dam isolation and (4) Ionomeric sealant applied with cotton rolls isolation. Fifty-eight patients started the study (232 teeth), and 47 (188 teeth) remained until the 1-year recall. The modified USPHS criteria were used in the analyzes to investigate surface texture, retention and the presence of secondary caries lesions around the sealants; in the following periods: baseline, after 3, 6, 9, and 12 months by two calibrated examiners. Data were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney and Friedman tests. RESULTS: There was no difference between the types of sealants (p > 0.05). The type of humidity control influenced the superficial texture (p = 0.0012) and the retention of sealants (p = 0.0023). The sealant displacement was greater under cotton rolls isolation. Only one active caries lesion in enamel was found in the 9th month. CONCLUSION: It may be concluded that sealants effectively prevented caries, even when they were partially or totally lost, regardless of the material. The rubber dam isolation with a rubber dam promoted lower surface roughness and improved the retention rates. International Clinical Trials Registry Platform: #1111-1215-2832 (07/26/2018).

Effect of irrigation acid solutions on cleaning and bond strength to post-space dentin.

This study evaluated the effects of irrigating solutions containing 5% boric acid + 1% citric acid or 1% peracetic acid + high concentration hydrogen peroxide on root cleaning and bond strength of cementation systems after 24 h and 6 months of glass fiber post cementation. One hundred and twenty roots were endodontically treated. The specimens were randomized into one of four treatments (n = 10): DW (distilled water); NaOCl2.5% + EDTA17% (2.5% sodium hypochlorite solution + 17% EDTA); PA1% + HP (1% peracetic acid solution + high concentration of hydrogen peroxide); BA5% + CA1% (5% boric acid associated with 1% citric acid). The cleaning efficacy in the cervical, middle, and apical thirds of the post-space, and the push-out bond strength at 24 h and 6 months after post cementation were evaluated by Kruskal-Wallis and two-way ANOVA tests, respectively. BA5% + CA1% showed statistically significantly superior cleaning efficacy compared to the other solutions. This irrigation protocol also resulted in higher bond strength at 24 h and 6 months, regardless of the root third considered, and this was statistically significantly higher than those seen for DW and PA1% + HP. For BA5% + CA1% irrigation protocol, type 1 adhesive failure was the most prevalent. Post-space irrigation with BA5% + CA1% provided both higher cleaning efficacy and better bond strength.

Indicadores de sustentabilidade socioambiental de pisciculturas familiares em área de Mata Atlântica, no Vale do Ribeira - SP / Social and Environmental Indicators of Family Fish Farms in the Atlantic Forest area in the Ribeira Valley - SP

O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu na aplicação de indicadores socioambientais em pisciculturas familiares localizadas na região do Vale do Ribeira, em área de Mata Atlântica, no sudoeste do estado de São Paulo. Para isso, foram identificadas 84 propriedades. Dessas, 40 foram selecionadas como unidades amostrais. Entre as principais características identificadas, 32% possuem lâmina d'água inferior a cinco hectares, com viveiros escavados em sistema semi-intensivo, 58% utilizam mão de obra familiar e 23% apontam a ausência de assistência técnica especializada como o principal problema enfrentado. A tilápia-do-nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) representa 57% das espécies produzidas em sistemas de monocultivo ou policultivo. Contudo, as pisciculturas familiares são classificadas como sistemas produtivos de pequeno porte, com destaque para a necessidade de adequação de recursos naturais, da capacidade de gestão e da eficiência das práticas de produção. Os indicadores sociais variaram de 0,75 a 1,00 para equidade salarial, proporção de autoemprego, uso de mão de obra local, inclusão de gênero e inclusão etária, demonstrando a capacidade que a aquicultura tem para auxiliar no desenvolvimento social local, por meio da geração de emprego e renda.(AU)

The objective of this work was to apply socioenvironmental indicators in family fish farms located in the Ribeira Valley region, Atlantic Forest area, southwest of São Paulo state, Brazil. Thus, we identified 84 production units. Of these, we selected 40 as sample units. Among the main characteristics identified, 32% have water depth of less than five hectares with excavated ponds in semi-intensive system, 58% use family labor and 23% report the lack of specialized technical assistance as the main problem faced. The Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) represents 57% of the species produced in monoculture or polyculture systems. Therefore, family fish farms are classified as small production systems with emphasis on the need to adapt natural resources, management capacity and efficiency of production practices. Social indicators ranged from 0.75 to 1.00 for salary equity, proportion of self-employment, use of local labor, gender inclusion and age inclusion, demonstrating the ability of aquaculture to assist local social development through job and income generation.(AU)

Caracterización de la interconsulta médico-psicológica en un hospital pediátrico de alta complejidad / Characterization of the medical-psychological consultation at a tertiary pediatric hospital

Durante los meses de febrero a mayo de 2014 se caracterizaron las interconsultas de pacientes del área de internación que no eran atendidos por equipos interdisciplinarios y por los que se consultaba por primera vez, realizadas por los becarios del Servicio de Salud Mental (SSM). Se analizaron los datos ociobiodemográficos de los pacientes, las categorías de los pedidos y los diagnósticos e intervenciones por parte del servicio de salud mental. También se analizó la coincidencia de los diagnósticos realizados por los pediatras solicitantes con los realizados por los especialistas. La muestra total quedó constituida por 62 pacientes, 53% de sexo masculino, 70% proveniente del conurbano. Los pediatras consideraron que el 94% de las consultas debían realizarse en el día. El pedido más frecuente fue el requerimiento de atención por síntomas psicopatológicos en el niño (45%), seguidos por el malestar en el niño inherente a la situación de enfermar (21%). De los síntomas psicopatológicos, los conversivos fueron los más frecuentes. En el 8% de los casos el especialista consideró luego de la evaluación que la interconsulta no era pertinente. En el 41% de los casos existió total coincidencia en el diagnóstico realizado por el pediatra y por el especialista. Los especialistas diagnosticaron 6% menos síntomas psicopatológicos que los pediatras en los niños, y 5% más en los padres. La intervención más utilizada fue la psicoterapéutica (90%). Solo requirieron farmacoterapia el 10% de los pacientes. El 86% de las consultas requirieron seguimiento durante la internación y el 26%, continuar de manera ambulatoria tras el alta (AU)

Between February and May 2014 consultations from the inpatient area for children who were not managed by multidisciplinary teams and who were consulted for the first time were evaluated by fellows from the Department of Mental Health. Sociodemographic data of the patients, consultation categories, diagnoses, and interventions by the Mental Health team were analyzed. Coincidence between the diagnosis made by the pediatricians who requested the consultation and that made by the specialists was also assessed. The total sample consisted of 62 patients; 53% were male and 70% came from Greater Buenos Aires. The pediatricians considered that 94% of the children needed consultation on the same day. The most common request for consultation was because of psychopathological symptoms in the child (45%), followed by disease-related discomfort in the child (21%). Conversion symptoms were the most common psychopathological symptoms observed. In 8% of the cases, after evaluation the specialist did not consider the consultation necessary. In 41% of the cases the diagnosis of the specialist coincided with that of the pediatrician. Specialists diagnosed 6% less psychopathological symptoms in children and 5% more in parents compared to pediatricians. The most commonly used intervention was psychotherapy (90%). Only 10% of the patients required pharmacotherapy. Overall, 86% of the consultations required follow-up during hospital stay and in 26% of the patients, follow-up in an outpatient setting was necessary (AU)

Retronychia: an underdiagnosed disease.

Retronychia is a recently described cause of ingrowth of the nail plate on the ventral surface of the proximal nail fold. Clinical features are repeated episodes of proximal paronychia, nail plate thickening, and occasionally granulation tissue emergence. The usual treatments for paronychia such as antibiotics and antifungals are ineffective in these cases. Avulsion of the nail plate is the treatment of choice for these patients, but effective treatment is usually delayed owing to inadequate diagnosis. Herein, we describe a 28-year-old woman with a case of retronychia. She was treated for two months with oral and topical antifungal and antibiotics by her general practitioner. After proper diagnosis and avulsion of the nail she presented a normal and non-painful growth of the affected nail.

Análise das medidas aerodinâmicas no português brasileiro por meio do método multiparamétrico de avaliação vocal objetiva assistida (EVA) / Analysis of aerodynamic measures in Brazilian portuguese through multiparameter assessment method vocal objective assist (EVA)

OBJETIVO: definir medidas aerodinâmicas em falantes do português brasileiro, sem queixas vocais, obtidas pelo programa EVA. MÉTODO: participaram do estudo 20 homens e 20 mulheres, que tiveram suas vozes analisadas. RESULTADOS: os valores médios referentes à pressão subglótica para vozes femininas e masculinas foram, respectivamente: Pressão subglótica= 5,84 hPa e 6,7 hPa, média da intensidade= 79,21 dB e 81,7 dB, média do fluxo oral= 0,09 dm³/s e 0,16 dm³/s, eficiência glótica= 13,87 dB/hPa e 12,78 dB/hPa, eficiência laríngea= 188,08 dB/(hPa.dm³/s) e 97,11 dB/(hPa.dm³/s), resistência laríngea= 96,26 hPa/(dm³/s) e 52,64 hPa/(dm³/s), média da frequência fundamental (F0)= 208,28 Hz e 136,56 Hz e pico da pressão do fluxo oral= 0,093 e 0,098. Houve diferença estatisticamente significante em relação ao gênero para as medidas de média de intensidade, eficiência laríngea, resistência laríngea e média da frequência fundamental. Os valores médios referentes ao fluxo oral para vozes femininas e masculinas foram respectivamente: Pressão subglótica= 6,05 hPa e 6,6 hPa, média da intensidade= 65,50 dB e 66,3 dB, média do fluxo oral= 0,10 dm³/s e 0,13 dm³/s, eficiência glótica= 11,12 dB/hPa e 11,77 dB/hPa, eficiência laríngea= 144,83 dB/(hPa.dm³/s) e 97,89 dB/(hPa.dm³/s), resistência laríngea= 78,98 hPa/(dm³/s) e 61,81 hPa/(dm³/s), média da F0= 222,52 Hz e 139,20 Hz e pico da pressão do fluxo oral= 0,047 e 0,053. CONCLUSÃO: o EVA é um programa ainda novo no Brasil, e a análise de medidas aerodinâmicas, em falantes do português brasileiro, permite a obtenção de valores de referência, possibilitando assim comparações com estudos futuros.

PURPOSE: to define aerodynamic measures in Brazilian Portuguese speakers without voice complaints, obtained by the EVA program. METHOD: the study included 20 men and 20 women who had their voices analyzed. RESULTS: the mean values with subglottic pressure for female and male voices were: Subglottic pressure = 5.84 hPa and 6.7 hPa; average intensity = 79.21dB and 81.7dB; oral mean flow = 0.09 dm3/s and 0.16 dm3/s; glottic efficiency = 13.87dB/hPa and 12.78 dB/hPa; laryngeal efficiency = 188.08 dB/(hPa.dm3/s) and 97.11dB/(hPa.dm3/s); laryngeal resistance = 96.26 hPa/(dm3/s) and 52.64 hPa/(dm3/s); mean fundamental frequency (F0) = 208.28 Hz and 136.56 Hz and peak mouth pressure flow = 0.093 and 0.098. There was a statistically significant difference in relation to gender for the measures of average intensity, efficiency, larynx, laryngeal resistance and mean fundamental frequency. The average flow for the oral female and male voices were: subglottic pressure = 6.05 hPa and 6.6 hPa; average intensity = 65.50 dB and 66.3 dB; oral mean flow = 0, 10 dm3/s and 0.13 dm3/s; glottic efficiency = 11.12 dB/hPa and 11.77 dB/hPa; laryngeal efficiency = 144.83 dB/( hPa.dm3/s) and 97.89 dB/( hPa.dm3/s); laryngeal resistance = 78.98 hPa/(dm3/s) and 61.81 hPa/( dm3/s); average F0 = 222.52 Hz and 139.20 Hz and peak pressure oral flow = 0.047 and 0.053. CONCLUSION: EVA is a new program in Brazil, and analysing the aerodynamic measures in Brazilian Portuguese speakers, allows us to obtain reference values, thus allowing comparisons with future studies.

Electroglottography of speakers of Brazilian Portuguese through Objective Multiparameter Vocal Assessment (EVA).

UNLABELLED: EVA was designed to study various speech production parameters. OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to define the mean values for electroglottography tests of Brazilian Portuguese speakers on EVA. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The voices of 20 men and 20 women without voice-related complaints were analyzed through electroglottography so as to obtain reference values for normality. CASE STUDY: this is a descriptive cross-sectional study. RESULTS: The mean values for normal male voices were: F0 = 127.77 Hz; F0 coefficient of variation = 2.51%; absolute jitter = 1.707 Hz; relative average perturbation = 0.0083; jitter factor = 1.34%; jitter ratio = 13.45%; QF = 0.447. The values for female voices were: F0 = 204.87 Hz; F0 coefficient of variation = 1.58%; absolute jitter = 3.30Hz; relative average perturbation = 0.0102; jitter factor = 1.60%; jitter ratio = 16.23%; QF= 0.443. Wave type for the entire sample was categorized as tilted pulse. CONCLUSION: Statistically significant differences were found for gender on parameters average FO and absolute jitter. While using acoustic analysis software, users must be based on parameters inherent to the software program when analyzing the collected data.

Medidas eletroglotográficas em falantes do português brasileiro por meio do Método Multiparamétrico de Avaliação Vocal Objetiva Assistida (EVA) / Electroglottography of speakers of Brazilian Portuguese through Objective Multiparameter Vocal Assessment (EVA)

O Método Multiparamétrico de Avaliação Vocal Objetiva Assistida (EVA) foi projetado para o estudo da maioria dos parâmetros de produção da fala. OBJETIVO: Definir as medidas médias dos parâmetros eletroglotográficos em falantes do português brasileiro para o EVA. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Foram analisadas 40 vozes, 20 homens e 20 mulheres sem queixa vocal, extraindo-se as medidas eletroglotográficas, a fim de obter valores de referência de normalidade. Estudo de caso: estudo descritivo com corte transversal. RESULTADOS: Os valores médios de normalidade encontrados nas vozes masculinas foram: F0 = 127,77 Hz, coeficiente de variação de F0 = 2,51%, jitter absoluto = 1,707 Hz, perturbação média relativa = 0,0083, jitter factor = 1,34%, jitter ratio = 13,45%, e QF = 0,447. Para vozes femininas, foram: F0 = 204,87 Hz, coeficiente de variação de F0 = 1,58%, jitterabsoluto = 3,30 Hz, perturbação média relativa = 0,0102, jitter factor = 1,60%, jitter ratio = 16,23%, e QF = 0,443. O tipo de onda foi em 100% da amostra classificada como pulso inclinado em ambos os gêneros. CONCLUSÃO: Houve diferença estatisticamente significante em relação ao gênero para os parâmetros de média F0 e jitterabsoluto. Ao utilizar um programa de análise acústica, os usuários devem basear-se em parâmetros inerentes ao próprio programa para realizar a análise dos dados coletados.

EVA was designed to study various speech production parameters. OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to define the mean values for electroglottography tests of Brazilian Portuguese speakers on EVA. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The voices of 20 men and 20 women without voice-related complaints were analyzed through electroglottography so as to obtain reference values for normality. Case study: this is a descriptive cross-sectional study. RESULTS: The mean values for normal male voices were: F0 = 127.77 Hz; F0 coefficient of variation = 2.51%; absolute jitter = 1.707 Hz; relative average perturbation = 0.0083; jitter factor = 1.34%; jitter ratio = 13.45%; QF = 0.447. The values for female voices were: F0 = 204.87 Hz; F0 coefficient of variation = 1.58%; absolute jitter = 3.30Hz; relative average perturbation = 0.0102; jitter factor = 1.60%; jitter ratio = 16.23%; QF= 0.443. Wave type for the entire sample was categorized as tilted pulse. CONCLUSION: Statistically significant differences were found for gender on parameters average FO and absolute jitter. While using acoustic analysis software, users must be based on parameters inherent to the software program when analyzing the collected data.

Estresse em enfermagem: uma análise do conhecimento produzido na litertura brasileira no período de 1982 a 2001 / Nursing stress: an analysis of knowledge production in brazilian literature

Na atualidade, as doenças que mais afligem a população (doenças cardíacas, câncer, depressão...) são caracterizadas pelo acúmulo lento e progressivo de estresse; os pesquisadores em enfermagem vêm analisando as causas deste problema na área, não tendo efetuado, ainda, análises acerca desta produção. Buscamos investigar o conhecimento produzido através de um estudo quantitativo. Para tanto, selecionamos 37 trabalhos registrados nas bases LILACS e BDENF. Percebemos a existência de estresse em trabalhadores de enfermagem e os fatores desencadeantes (extrínsecos e intrínsecos). O Hospital Geral, como um todo, foi o local mais investigado, destacando-se a UTI e Centro Cirúrgico. Os fatores intrínsecos mencionados foram: ambiente de trabalho, sobrecarga de trabalho, relações interpessoais, trabalho noturno e tempo de serviço; como extrínsecos encontramos: condições pessoais e características da personalidade. A investigação revelou que o estresse atinge grande parte dos trabalhadores de enfermagem, podendo ocasionar sérios agravos à sua saúde...

Nowadays, illnesses that most afflict the population (cardiac illnesses, cancer, depression,...) are characterized by the slow and progressive accumulation of stress; the nursing investigators have been analyzing the causes of such problems, but no studies have been yet conducted on this production. We tried to investigate the produced knowledge, using a qualitative study. To that end, we have selected 37 works such as registered on the LILACS and BDENF bases. We observed the existence of stress among nursing workers and separated the causing factors, both extrinsic and intrinsic. The General Hospital as a whole was the most investigated place, with special attention to the ICU and Surgical Center. More visible intrinsic factors were the working environment, overworking, interpersonal relationships, night shifts, and time in the institution. Extrinsic factors were personal conditions and personality characteristics. The investigation showed a large part of the nursing workers find themselves under stress conditions which are able to introduce serious aggravation to their health...

Actualmente, las enfermedades que más apotan a la población (enfermedades cardiacas, cáncer, depresiónà) caracterizan por la acumulación lenta y progresiva del estrés; los investigadores en enfermería están analizando las causas de este problema en el área, no existiendo un análisis sobre esta producción. Buscamos investigar el conocimiento producido a través de un estudio cuantitativo. Para lo cual seleccionamos 37 trabajos registrados en las bases LILACS y BDENF. Percibimos la existencia de estrés en los trabajadores de enfermería y los factores desencadenantes (extrínsecos e intrínsecos). El Hospital General, en su totalidade, fue el local más investigado, destacándose la UC y el Centro Quirúrgico. Los factores intrínsicos mencionados fueron: ambiente de trabajo, sobrecarga de trabajo, relaciones interpersonales, trabajo nocturno y tiempo de servicio; como extrínsecos encontramos: condiciones personales y características de la personalidad . La investigación reveló que el estrés abarca grande parte de los trabajadores de enfermería, ocasionando serios agravos a su salud.

Organização e relações de trabalho na área de enfermagem: análise do conhecimento produzido entre l971 e 2002 / Organization and relations of work in the nursing area: produced knowledge analysis betweew 1971 and 2002

A (re) estruturação dos programas de pós-graduação (1970) favoreceu o empreendimento de investigações acerca do trabalho em enfermagem, suas relações, historicidade... Esta pesquisa objetivou analisar a produção científica referente à organização e relações de trabalho em enfermagem, através dos resumos publicados em duas bases de dados, empregando metodologia quantitativa e qualitativa. Foram encontrados 54 resumos, que foram avaliados segundo tipo de divulgação, autor, data de publicação, abordagem teórico-metodológica e ênfase do estudo. Os resultados mostraram 21 artigos, 8 teses, 23 dissertações e 2 monografias; 39 trabalhos foram elaborados por um único autor. Entre 1970-1980 a produção foi escassa, aumentando, consideravelmente, nos anos 1990. A abordagem mais utilizada foi a quantitativa, seguida pela histórico-social e fenomenológica. A ênfase dada nesses estudos demonstra a preocupação com as relações existentes entre trabalho, enfermagem e processo saúde-doença. A análise revelou que a produção nesta área vem apresentando crescimento numérico e maior aprofundamento científico...

The pos-graduation programs restructure (1970) favored the development of research about the nursing, job its relations and historical backgroundà This research aimed to analyze the cientific production referred to the nursing work organization and relations, through publicide resumes in two data bases using quantitive and qualitive methodology. There were found 54 resumes, that were evaluated based on the kind of spreading, author, date of publication, theoric-methodologic approach and study emphasis. The results showed 23 articles, 8 thesis, 21 disertations and 2 monographs; 39 papers were elaborated by one unique author. Between 1970-1980 the production was scarce, increasing considerably by the year 1990. The most used approach was the quantitive followed by the social historical and phenomenologic. The emphasis given in these studies shows worriness with the relations existing ones between work, nursing and health disease processes. The analysis reveals that the production in this area has been showing numeric growth and a major cientific deepness...

La (re)estructuración de los Programas de Postgrado (1970) favoreció el emprendimiento de investigaciones sobre el trabajo en enfermería, sus relaciones, historicid. Esta investigación objetivó analizar la producción cientifica referente a la organización y relaciones de trabajo en enfermería, a través de los resúmenes publicados en dos bases de datos, empleando la metodología cuantitativa y cualitativa. Fueron encontrados 54 resúmenes, siendo evaluados según el tipo de divulgación, autor, fecha de publicación, abordaje teórico-metodológico y énfasis del estudio. Los resultados mostraron 21 artículos, 8 tesis, 23 disertaciones y 2 monografias; 39 trabajos fueron elaborados por un único autor. Entre 1970 - 1980 la producción fue escasa, aumentando, notablemente, en los años 1990. El abordaje más utilizado fue el cuantitativo seguido por el histórico-social y fenomenológico. El énfasis prestados a los estudios demuestra la preocupación con las relaciones existentes entre el trabajo, la enfermería y el proceso de salud-enfermedad. El análisis reveló que la producción en ésta área presenta un crecimiento numerico y un aprofundamiento científico mayor...

Comparison of intervention strategies for control of Triatoma dimidiata in Nicaragua

The effectiveness of three operational strategies for the control of Triatoma dimidiata was compared by a field trial in the Department of Madriz, Nicaragua. One strategy involved full pretrial evaluation, followed by spraying of all houses irrespective of whether or not they had been found to be infested. The second strategy minimised the pretrial evaluation by considering the locality infested as soon as one house was found to be positive, followed by spraying all houses. The third strategy involved full pretrial evaluation, followed by spraying only those houses found to be positive. Evaluation after twelve months indicated that all three strategies were similarly effective, since all sprayed houses remained free of infestation. However, comparative estimates of the unit intervention costs indicated that strategies 1 and 2 were substantially less efficient than the third strategy of spraying only positive houses

Comparison of intervention strategies for control of Triatoma dimidiata in Nicaragua.

The effectiveness of three operational strategies for the control of Triatoma dimidiata was compared by a field trial in the Department of Madriz, Nicaragua. One strategy involved full pretrial evaluation, followed by spraying of all houses irrespective of whether or not they had been found to be infested. The second strategy minimised the pretrial evaluation by considering the locality infested as soon as one house was found to be positive, followed by spraying all houses. The third strategy involved full pretrial evaluation, followed by spraying only those houses found to be positive. Evaluation after twelve months indicated that all three strategies were similarly effective, since all sprayed houses remained free of infestation. However, comparative estimates of the unit intervention costs indicated that strategies 1 and 2 were substantially less efficient than the third strategy of spraying only positive houses.

Psicopatologia e diagnóstico: outros olhares, novas intervenções

O texto faz um percurso, que partindo dos fundamentos que sustentam o Ideal da clínica psiquiátrica e sua consequência direta a dualidade psicopatológica, sublinha a genialidade de Jaspers ao propor para essa clínica a lógica do caso a caso. A introdução inexorával da linguagem na cena da consciência, faz dessa anterioridade lógica, mais que retrospectiva, perspectiva. Destacando a importância do diagnóstico e encurtada a distância epistemológica entre a Psicologia e a Psicopatologia, demonstra a equívocidade do perceptum, possibilitando como imperativo ético o advento do sujeito. Apostando na construção da causa do sentido, o convite ao trabalho nas exigências da clínica quotidiana, vem ter seu lugar, não, no saber saído da quimioterapia, mas, na falha epistemo-somática, que propiciou em Freud a construçao do caso Screreber e outros saberes. Este caminho da psicopatologia que nos concerne e que nos possibilita ao invés de velhos olhares, novas intervenções(AU)

Un modelo didáctico no presencial para la enseñanza de anatomía veterinaria / A not presential didactic model for teaching veterinary anatomy

¿Es posible generar una propuesta académica de Anatomía Veterinaria que brinde alternativas a los jóvenes deseosos de estudiar y que por distintas cuestiones (problemas laborales, impedimentos físicos, superposiciones horarias, etc.) no tengan alternativas para hacerlo? Para dar respuesta a esta interrogante y con la intención de aportar una solución, en la Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral (Santa Fe, Argentina), se desarrolló un proyecto de investigación en el que se ha implementado una modalidad didáctica no presencial que intenta subsanar los inconvenientes planteados por la rigidez del sistema presencial. Mediante un sistema de estructuras modulares, tutorías permanentes y un mecanismo de autoevaluación continua y eficaz se han obtenido buenos resultados que confirman la hipótesis de que se puede realizar una oferta educativa de buen nivel, accesible para aquellos que margina el sistema áulico convencional

Characteristics of elderly inpatients at high risk of needing supportive social and health care services.

A two-stage cross-sectional study was conducted in a 951-bed acute-care hospital: a first survey designed to determine the profile of patients aged > or = 64 years needing supportive social/health care services, in which 38 patients discharged between June and July, 1992 (group 1) with social/health care problems that accounted for inappropriate hospitalization days participated, and a second survey designed to identify patients aged > or = 65 years at high risk and thus facilitating the early intervention of social workers, in which 153 patients selected at random and interviewed between August and September, 1992 (group 2) participated. A significantly higher percentage of group 1 patients had no medical insurance, were admitted to hospital for treatment, lived alone, had been readmitted in the previous 6 months, suffered from dementia and/or cognitive impairment, presented with associated chronic illnesses, and showed lower Barthel index scores as compared to group 2 patients. In patients in group 2, hospital discharge was delayed due to the need of supportive social and health care services in only 27 patients. The percentage of agreement in the suitability of the resource provided was higher after (92.6%) than before the intervention (71.1%). The mean number of inappropriate hospitalization days was 3.5 days for patients in group 1 and 1.9 days for those in group 2 (p = 0.013). The early identification of elderly inpatients at high risk of needing additional supportive social and health care would help patients to find the most appropriate resource according to their individuals needs.

[Paratesticular tumor. Liposarcoma of the spermatic cord]. / Tumor paratesticular. Liposarcoma del cordón espermático.

Liposarcoma of the spermatic cord is a rare tumour typically presenting in elderly people. It tends to grow around blood vessels. Most of them have a low level of malignancy and relapses tend to be localized. Metastasis, when present, occur through the haematological route, lymph spread being very unusual. Pre-operative diagnosis is infrequent and overall prognosis is good. The choice treatment is radical orchidectomy, while long-term follow-up of these patients is mandatory. When local relapses become evident, the choice treatment is extensive local excision, followed by optional adjuvant radiotherapy. Chemotherapy has not proven to be effective. This paper reviews the current literature and contributes one case of mixed liposarcoma of the spermatic cord.