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1.
An. psicol ; 39(1): 153-166, Ene-Abr. 2023. tab, ilus
Article in English, Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-213849

ABSTRACT

La violencia de género es un proceso complejo en el cual intervienen variables individuales, relacionales y contextuales. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo explorar las estrategias de afrontamiento y dinámicas relacionales en situaciones conflictivas en condenados por violencia de género con sus parejas. Se realizaron grupos focales con condenados por violencia de género (12 participantes) y con profesionales de la psicología (4 participantes). Los datos se exploraron mediante análisis temático siguiendo el Modelo Ecológico Anidado. El grupo de condenados muestra roles de autoridad y superioridad sobre la mujer, sensación de vulnerabilidad y rechazo ante el marco jurídico existente, miedo a sufrir arrestos por querer continuar con la relación, la necesidad de control de la pareja impulsada por lo celos, la justificación o negación de responsabilidad en las situaciones violentas o instrumentalización de los hijos/as en común. Los profesionales señalan aspectos culturales que facilitan esquemas y roles violentos en la dinámica de pareja, problemas de comunicación, negación o baja conciencia del delito, entre otros temas. Los resultados son de especial interés tanto para los profesionales que deseen conocer o profundizar en la temática como para quienes trabajen en la intervención y/o prevención en violencia de género.(AU)


Intimate Partner Violence is a complex process in which indi-vidual, relational and contextual variables intervene. The aim of this study was to explore coping strategies and relational dynamics in conflict situa-tions involving people convicted of intimate partner violence with their partners. Focus groups were conducted with convicted intimate partner violence offenders (12 participants) and with psychology professionals (4 participants). The data were explored through thematic analysis following the Nested Ecological Model. The group of convicted perpetrators showed roles of authority and superiority over the woman, a feeling of vulnerability and rejection of the existing legal framework, fear of being arrested for wanting to continue the relationship, the need to control the partner driven by jealousy, justification or denial of responsibility in violent situations or instrumentalization of the children in common. The professionals point out cultural aspects that facilitate violent patterns and roles in the couple's dynamics, communication problems, denial or low awareness of the crime, among other issues. The results are of special interest both for profession-als who wish to learn or deepen their knowledge on the subject, as well as for those who work in intervention and/or prevention of intimate partner violence.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Gender-Based Violence , Focus Groups , Prisons , Adaptation, Psychological , Prisoners , Psychology , Psychology, Social , Forensic Psychology
2.
Leg Med (Tokyo) ; 48: 101810, 2021 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33254095

ABSTRACT

The objective of this work is to evaluate the ability of a series of possible feigning indicators, extracted from relevant literature in the field, to discriminate between clinical patients with genuine symptomatology and instructed malingerers. A sample of 273 participants divided into two groups was used for this study: 153 whiplash associated disorder patients who were evaluated at a multidisciplinary medical center in the region of Murcia (Spain), between December 2017 and March 2019 and 120 healthy controls with malingering instructions, students of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Murcia. In order for researchers to evaluate the indicators included in the study, a 22-step checklist (CDS) was developed, consisting of 22 criteria divided into 5 dimensions. Our results show that 18 of 22 indicators could discriminate between groups. Dimension 2 "Attitude toward the situation of illness" presented the greatest capacity for discrimination. In general terms, malingerers express a much more negative experience of the condition than the clinical patients.


Subject(s)
Cues , Forensic Medicine/methods , Lie Detection , Malingering/diagnosis , Malingering/psychology , Mass Screening/methods , Whiplash Injuries/diagnosis , Whiplash Injuries/psychology , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Spain , Young Adult
3.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 942020 May 27.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32458822

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The implantation of the Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) influences the psychological adjustment and the degree of subjective discomfort. The objective of this work was to analyze differences in psychological adjustment, fear of shocks and the degree of subjective discomfort derived from the illness depending on the reasons for implantation (primary vs secondary). METHODS: A sample of 82 patients with an ICD, for primary (58.5%) or secondary (41.5%) prevention indications was studied. A sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire and List of Brief Symptoms (LBS-50) was used. Descriptive univariate and bivariate analysis, t-tests on mean differences for independent samples and z-tests on proportion differences were performed. RESULTS: Regarding psychological adjustment, 43.9% of the patients reported to have sleeping disorder, regardless the type of prevention. A greater percentage of patients of primary prevention had scored higher in clinical scales. The 29.4% of patients with secondary prevention reported to be afraid of experiencing some shock. The 25% of patients whose type of prevention was primary showed severe or moderate level of subjective discomfort derived from the illness compared with the 14.7% of the secondary prevention patients (p=0.7). CONCLUSIONS: The patients with an ICD show symptoms clinically significant in Psychoactivity, Obsession-Compulsion, Anxiety, Somatization, Sleeping disorders and Psychopathology Risk Index. Both groups, regardless the type of prevention showed a similar psychological adjustment. Regarding the fear of shocks and the degree of subjective discomfort derived from the illness, no statistically significant differences between the groups were found.


OBJETIVO: La implantación del Desfibrilador Automático Implantado (DAI) influye en el ajuste psicológico y en el grado de malestar de los pacientes. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las diferencias en el ajuste psicológico, el miedo a las descargas y el grado de malestar subjetivo derivado de la enfermedad en función del motivo de implantación (primaria frente a secundaria). METODOS: La muestra fue de 82 pacientes portadores de un DAI, tanto por prevención primaria (58,5%) como secundaria (41,5%). Se utilizó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y clínico, así como el Listado de Síntomas Breves (LSB­50). Se realizaron análisis descriptivos univariados y bivariados, pruebas t de diferencias entre medias y pruebas z de diferencias entre proporciones. RESULTADOS: Respecto al ajuste psicológico, el 43,9% de los pacientes refirió tener alteraciones del sueño, independientemente del tipo de prevención. Un mayor porcentaje de pacientes de prevención primaria mostraron puntuaciones altas en escalas clínicas. El 29,4% de los pacientes de prevención secundaria mostró miedo a sufrir alguna descarga. El 25% de los pacientes cuyo motivo de implantación fue primario indicó un nivel moderado o intenso en cuanto al malestar subjetivo derivado de la enfermedad, comparado con el 14,7% de los pacientes de prevención secundaria (p=0,7). CONCLUSIONES: Los pacientes con DAI presentan síntomas clínicamente relevantes en Psicoreactividad, Obsesión-compulsión, Ansiedad, Somatización, Alteraciones del sueño y el Índice de riesgo psicopatológico. Independientemente del tipo de prevención ambos grupos muestran un ajuste psicológico similar. No se encuentran diferencias entre los grupos ni en el miedo a las descargas ni en el grado de malestar subjetivo.


Subject(s)
Defibrillators, Implantable , Adaptation, Psychological , Emotional Adjustment , Humans , Primary Prevention , Secondary Prevention , Spain , Surveys and Questionnaires
4.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 94: 0-0, 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-192531

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: La implantación del Desfibrilador Automático Implantado (DAI) influye en el ajuste psicológico y en el grado de malestar de los pacientes. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las diferencias en el ajuste psicológico, el miedo a las descargas y el grado de malestar subjetivo derivado de la enfermedad en función del motivo de implantación (primaria frente a secundaria). MÉTODOS: La muestra fue de 82 pacientes portadores de un DAI, tanto por prevención primaria (58,5%) como secundaria (41,5%). Se utilizó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y clínico, así como el Listado de Síntomas Breves (LSB-50). Se realizaron análisis descriptivos univariados y bivariados, pruebas t de diferencias entre medias y pruebas z de diferencias entre proporciones. RESULTADOS: Respecto al ajuste psicológico, el 43,9% de los pacientes refirió tener alteraciones del sueño, independientemente del tipo de prevención. Un mayor porcentaje de pacientes de prevención primaria mostraron puntuaciones altas en escalas clínicas. El 29,4% de los pacientes de prevención secundaria mostró miedo a sufrir alguna descarga. El 25% de los pacientes cuyo motivo de implantación fue primario indicó un nivel moderado o intenso en cuanto al malestar subjetivo derivado de la enfermedad, comparado con el 14,7% de los pacientes de prevención secundaria (p = 0,7). CONCLUSIONES: Los pacientes con DAI presentan síntomas clínicamente relevantes en Psicoreactividad, Obsesión-compulsión, Ansiedad, Somatización, Alteraciones del sueño y el Índice de riesgo psicopatológico. Independientemente del tipo de prevención ambos grupos muestran un ajuste psicológico similar. No se encuentran diferencias entre los grupos ni en el miedo a las descargas ni en el grado de malestar subjetivo


OBJECTIVE: The implantation of the Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) influences the psychological adjustment and the degree of subjective discomfort. The objective of this work was to analyze differences in psychological adjustment, fear of shocks and the degree of subjective discomfort derived from the illness depending on the reasons for implantation (primary vs secondary). METHODS: A sample of 82 patients with an ICD, for primary (58.5%) or secondary (41.5%) prevention indications was studied. A sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire and List of Brief Symptoms (LBS-50) was used. Descriptive univariate and bivariate analysis, t-tests on mean differences for independent samples and z-tests on proportion differences were performed. RESULTS: Regarding psychological adjustment, 43.9% of the patients reported to have sleeping disorder, regardless the type of prevention. A greater percentage of patients of primary prevention had scored higher in clinical scales. The 29.4% of patients with secondary prevention reported to be afraid of experiencing some shock. The 25% of patients whose type of prevention was primary showed severe or moderate level of subjective discomfort derived from the illness compared with the 14.7% of the secondary prevention patients (p = 0.7). CONCLUSIONS: The patients with an ICD show symptoms clinically significant in Psychoactivity, Obsession-Compulsion, Anxiety, Somatization, Sleeping disorders and Psychopathology Risk Index. Both groups, regardless the type of prevention showed a similar psychological adjustment. Regarding the fear of shocks and the degree of subjective discomfort derived from the illness, no statistically significant differences between the groups were found


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Adaptation, Psychological , Defibrillators, Implantable/psychology , Emotional Adjustment , Surveys and Questionnaires , Secondary Prevention , Primary Prevention
5.
Int. j. clin. health psychol. (Internet) ; 16(1): 39-46, ene.-abr. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-146074

ABSTRACT

Partner aggressors present psychopathological, criminal, and sociodemographic characteristics that have been used for classification in typologies. The goal of the present work was to identify profile of aggressors as a function of the risk of recidivism, and assess whether there correspondence with type of offenders proposed by Holtzworth---Munroe and Stuart. The sample was made up of 90 men condemned for partner violence, of whom 50 were serving a prison sentence, and 40 mandatory community intervention/programs. The risk of recidivism was assessed with the SARA - Spousal Assault Risk Assessment Guide, completed with information obtained from prison records, clinical interviews for the assessment of personality disorders, and self-reports. The results reveal three profile of aggressors according to their risk of recidivism, related to the above-mentioned classification: high-risk aggressors coincide with the Dysphoric/Borderline (DB) type, medium-risk aggressors with the low-level antisocial type (LLA), and the low-risk group with the type of aggressors family only (FO). The implications are discussed in the penitentiary intervention of these results (AU)


Los agresores contra la pareja presentan características psicopatológicas, delictivas y sociodemográficas que han sido utilizadas para su clasificación en tipologías. El objetivo del presente trabajo ha sido identificar el perfil de estos agresores según el riesgo de reincidencia, y valorar si existe coincidencia con la tipología de agresores propuesta por Holtzworth---Munroe y Stuart. La muestra fue de 90 hombres condenados por violencia contra la pareja, de los que 50 cumplían pena de prisión y 40 una medida alternativa: intervención/programa. El riesgo de reincidencia se evaluó con la guía SARA-Spousal Assault Risk Assessment Guide, cumplimentada con la información obtenida de los expedientes penitenciarios, entrevistas clínicas para la evaluación de trastornos de personalidad y autoinformes. Los resultados muestran tres perfiles de agresores según su riesgo de reincidencia que se relacionan con la mencionada clasificación, ya que los agresores de alto riesgo coinciden con el tipo disfóricos/borderline (DB), los agresores de riesgo medio con el tipo antisocial de bajo nivel (LLA) y el grupo de menor riesgo con el tipo de agresores limitados al ámbito familiar (FO). Se discuten las implicaciones en la intervención penitenciaria de estos resultados (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Violence Against Women , Criminals/psychology , Aggression/psychology , Personality Disorders/psychology , Risk Factors , Cluster Sampling , Recurrence
6.
Int J Clin Health Psychol ; 16(1): 39-46, 2016.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30487849

ABSTRACT

Partner aggressors present psychopathological, criminal, and sociodemographic characteristics that have been used for classification in typologies. The goal of the present work was to identify profile of aggressors as a function of the risk of recidivism, and assess whether there correspondence with type of offenders proposed by Holtzworth-Munroe and Stuart. The sample was made up of 90 men condemned for partner violence, of whom 50 were serving a prison sentence, and 40 mandatory community intervention/programs. The risk of recidivism was assessed with the SARA - Spousal Assault Risk Assessment Guide, completed with information obtained from prison records, clinical interviews for the assessment of personality disorders, and self-reports. The results reveal three profile of aggressors according to their risk of recidivism, related to the above-mentioned classification: high-risk aggressors coincide with the Dysphoric/Borderline (DB) type, medium-risk aggressors with the low-level antisocial type (LLA), and the low-risk group with the type of aggressors family only (FO). The implications are discussed in the penitentiary intervention of these results.


Los agresores contra la pareja presentan características psicopatológicas, delictivas y sociodemográficas que han sido utilizadas para su clasificación en tipologías. El objetivo del presente trabajo ha sido identificar el perfil de estos agresores según el riesgo de reincidencia, y valorar si existe coincidencia con la tipología de agresores propuesta por Holtzworth­Munroe y Stuart. La muestra fue de 90 hombres condenados por violencia contra la pareja, de los que 50 cumplían pena de prisión y 40 una medida alternativa: intervención/programa. El riesgo de reincidencia se evaluó con la guía SARA-Spousal Assault Risk Assessment Guide, cumplimentada con la información obtenida de los expedientes penitenciarios, entrevistas clínicas para la evaluación de trastornos de personalidad y autoinformes. Los resultados muestran tres perfiles de agresores según su riesgo de reincidencia que se relacionan con la mencionada clasificación, ya que los agresores de alto riesgo coinciden con el tipo disfóricos/borderline (DB), los agresores de riesgo medio con el tipo antisocial de bajo nivel (LLA) y el grupo de menor riesgo con el tipo de agresores limitados al ámbito familiar (FO). Se discuten las implicaciones en la intervención penitenciaria de estos resultados.

7.
Eur. j. psychol. appl. legal context (Internet) ; 7(1): 41-49, ene. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-131932

ABSTRACT

Etiological models of intimate partner violence (IPV) identify general risk factors in delinquency (sociodemographic, delinquent, and psychopathological) and specific factors in this type of aggression (characteristics of the couple relationship and attitudes favoring IPV). The goal of the present work is to study these factors in individuals convicted for drug trafficking and/or theft, so-called common delinquents (n = 89), comparing them with a group of partner aggressors (n = 50). Assessment was carried out with a mixed method, reviewing case files, clinical interviews for personality disorders, and self-reports. The results show a similar profile in sociodemographic and criminal characteristics and in attitudes favoring IPV. The differences emerge in variables of the couple relationship and psychopathological variables, finding higher prevalence of the antisocial disorder in common delinquents and of the borderline disorder in aggressors. The final model identifies the level of relationship satisfaction, control over the partner, blaming female victims, and incidence of borderline personality disorder as relevant variables. The implications of these results for penitentiary treatment as a preventive measure of IPV, both in IPV aggressors and in the general prison population, are discussed (AU)


Los modelos etiológicos de la violencia contra la pareja (VCP) identifican factores de riesgo generales en delincuencia (sociodemográficos, delictivos y psicopatológicos) y factores específicos en este tipo de agresión (características en la relación de pareja y actitudes que facilitan la VCP). El objetivo del presente trabajo es estudiar estos factores en sujetos condenados por tráfico de drogas y/o robo, denominados delincuentes comunes (n = 89), comparándolos con un grupo de agresores contra la pareja (n = 50). La evaluación se ha realizado a través de un método mixto, con supervisión de expedientes penitenciarios y entrevistas clínicas para los trastornos de personalidad y autoinformes. Los resultados muestran un perfil similar en características sociodemográficas, delictivas y en actitudes que favorecen la VCP. Las diferencias se dan en variables de relación de pareja y psicopatológicas, encontrando una mayor prevalencia del trastorno antisocial en los delincuentes comunes y del trastorno límite en los agresores. El modelo final identifica como variables relevantes el nivel de satisfacción en la relación, control sobre la pareja, culpabilización a las mujeres víctimas e incidencia del trastorno límite de personalidad. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos resultados en el tratamiento penitenciario, tanto de los agresores en VCP como de la población reclusa en general, como medidas preventivas de la VCP (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Spouse Abuse/legislation & jurisprudence , Spouse Abuse/psychology , Spouse Abuse/statistics & numerical data , Risk Factors , Antisocial Personality Disorder/epidemiology , Antisocial Personality Disorder/psychology , Prisoners/psychology , Prisoners/statistics & numerical data , Psychopathology/methods , Psychopathology/standards , Psychopathology/trends , Family Conflict/psychology , Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , Surveys and Questionnaires , Psychological Tests/statistics & numerical data
8.
Eur. j. psychol. appl. legal context (Internet) ; 6(2): 69-77, jul.-dic. 2014. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-132406

ABSTRACT

In Spain, there are two types of sentence for partner aggressors: prison sentence and the alternative measure, specifically psychosocial intervention programs. The goal of this study was to determine differences in the delinquent and psychopathological profile of these aggressors as a function of the prison sentence received, for which the models proposed by Dutton (1995) and Holtzworth-Munroe and Stuart (1994) were followed. The sample was made up of 50 incarcerated aggressors and 40 men sentenced to mandatory community orders. The variables were obtained through a mixed method, with supervision of penitentiary case files, clinical interview for personality disorder (SCID-II), and self-reports for the personality profile (NEO-PI-R). Binary logistic regression was used to identify the final model, which best reveals the differences between both groups. The results describe the incarcerated aggressors’ profile as having more altered risk factors at the socioeconomic, delinquent, and psychopathological levels. The three variables that increase the probability of belonging to the prison inmate group, according to the final model obtained were: use of weapons, drug consumption, and personality disorder. In contrast to other investigations, the high incidence in the outcomes of the target variables, mainly drug use and personality disorder, makes us wonder whether the diagnostic method used influenced the results in contrast to the exclusive use of self-reports, a goal to be confirmed in future studies (AU)


En España, existen dos tipos de condenas para los agresores contra la pareja: la pena de prisión y la medida alternativa a esta, en concreto los programas de intervención psicosocial. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer las diferencias en perfil delictivo y psicopatológico de estos agresores según la condena recibida, para lo cual se han seguido los modelos propuestos por Dutton (1995) y Holtzworth-Munroe y Stuart (1994). La muestra está formada por 50 agresores en prison y 40 condenados a medidas alternativas (programa/intervención). Las variables se han obtenido a través de un método mixto con supervisión de expedientes penitenciarios, entrevista clínica para el trastorno de personalidad (SCID-II) y autoinforme para el perfil de personalidad (NEO-PIR). Se ha utilizado la regresión logística binaria para identificar el modelo final que mejor señala las diferencias de ambos grupos. Los resultados describen el perfil de los agresores en prisión con mayor número de factores de riesgo alterados, tanto a nivel socioeconómico, como delictivo y psicopatológico. Las tres variables que aumentan las probabilidades de pertenencia al grupo de prisión según el modelo final obtenido son: uso de armas, consumo de drogas y trastorno de personalidad. La elevada incidencia en los resultados de las variables a estudio, a diferencia de otras investigaciones principalmente en consumo de drogas y trastorno de personalidad, nos hace plantearnos si ha influido el método diagnóstico utilizado, contrario al uso exclusivo de autoinformes, objetivo a confirmar en próximos estudios (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Spouse Abuse/legislation & jurisprudence , Spouse Abuse/psychology , Family Conflict/legislation & jurisprudence , Family Conflict/psychology , Psychopathology/methods , Psychopathology/trends , Prisoners/psychology , Psychopathology/legislation & jurisprudence , Psychopathology/organization & administration , Psychopathology/standards , Antisocial Personality Disorder/psychology , Compulsive Personality Disorder/psychology , Self Report , Psychosocial Deprivation , Social Support , Psychosocial Impact
9.
An. psicol ; 27(1): 71-79, ene.-abr. 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-84312

ABSTRACT

Esta investigación pretendía analizar la relevancia de las variables de tipo individual en el desarrollo del síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo, así como el potencial efecto de la “dureza” o “personalidad resistente” como factor de protección de dicho proceso y sus consecuencias sobre la salud de los trabajadores. La muestra estaba constituida por 97 profesionales de enfermería pertenecientes a las unidades de Intensivos y de Urgencias de un Hospital de tercer nivel. Se les aplicaron cuatro instrumentos: un cuestionario elaborado ad hoc de variables sociodemográficas y laborales, una versión española del Cuestionario de Salud General (GHQ-28), una adaptación española del Inventario de Burnout de Maslach (MBI) y la Escala de Personalidad Resistente (CPR) del Cuestionario de Desgaste Profesional del Personal de Enfermería (CDPE). Los resultados apoyan la relación entre la personalidad resistente, el síndrome de burnout y sus consecuencias sobre la salud. Finalmente, se discuten las implicaciones clínicas de los resultados, así como algunas recomendaciones para la investigación futura en este campo (AU)


The aim of this research was to analyze the relevance of individual variables in the development of burnout, as well as the possible effects of „hardiness” or „hardy personality” as a protective factor against burnout and its consequences on workers” health. The sample was com-posed of 97 nursing professionals belonging to the intensive care and emergency units in a hospital. Four assessment instruments were applied to the participants: an ad hoc questionnaire of sociodemographic and work variables, a Spanish version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), a Spanish adaptation of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and the Hardy Personality Scale (CPR) of the Nursing Burnout Questionnaire (CDPE). The results confirmed the relationship between hardy personality and burnout, as well as the health consequences of the latter. Finally, the clinical implications of the results are discussed, as well as some recommendations for future research in this field (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Nurses/psychology , Burnout, Professional/epidemiology , Personality Assessment , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Personal Construct Theory
10.
Psicothema ; 22(4): 600-5, 2010 Nov.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21044485

ABSTRACT

In this study, the predictive power of hardy personality and generalized self-efficacy on general health perception was investigated in a sample of nursing personnel working in emergency and intensive care services. A cross-sectional retrospective design was used, and the following measurement instruments were applied: a sociodemographic and work questionnaire, Goldberg's GHQ-28 Health Questionnaire, the Baessler and Schwarzer General Self-efficacy Questionnaire, and the Hardy Personality Subscale of Moreno's Nursing Burnout Questionnaire (CDPE). The results revealed a positive and statistically significant relationship between the individual variables of generalized self-efficacy and hardy personality. A canonical correlation analysis carried out on the psychological distress symptoms with self-efficacy and hardy personality as predictor variables, led us to emphasize the relevance of the construct total hardy personality as a predictor and, consequently, as a protective factor against the onset of psychological distress symptoms in the sample of professionals studied. Lastly, the implications of the results for clinical practice are discussed.


Subject(s)
Critical Care , Emergency Nursing , Nurses/psychology , Personal Autonomy , Personality , Specialties, Nursing , Adult , Burnout, Professional/epidemiology , Burnout, Professional/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Disease Susceptibility , Health Status , Humans , Middle Aged , Personality Inventory , Retrospective Studies , Self-Assessment , Socioeconomic Factors , Stress, Psychological/epidemiology , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young Adult
11.
Psicothema (Oviedo) ; 22(4): 600-605, 2010. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-82507

ABSTRACT

En este estudio se analiza la capacidad predictiva de la personalidad resistente y la autoeficacia generalizada sobre la percepción del estado general de salud en una muestra de profesionales de enfermería de Urgencias y Cuidados Intensivos. Se utilizó un diseño retrospectivo de corte transversal, empleando como instrumentos de medida un cuestionario de variables sociodemográficas y laborales, el cuestionario de salud GHQ-28 de Goldberg, la escala de autoeficacia generalizada de Baessler y Schwarzer, y la subescala de personalidad resistente del cuestionario de desgaste profesional en enfermería (CDPE) de Moreno. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que las variables individuales de autoeficacia generalizada y personalidad resistente están estadísticamente relacionadas y en sentido positivo. El análisis de correlación canónica realizado sobre los síntomas de malestar psíquico tomando como predictores la autoeficacia y la personalidad resistente permite destacar la relevancia del constructo de personalidad resistente global como predictor y, por tanto, como factor protector frente a la aparición de malestar psíquico en la muestra de profesionales estudiados. Finalmente, se discuten las implicaciones clínicas de los resultados (AU)


In this study, the predictive power of hardy personality and generalized self-efficacy on general health perception was investigated in a sample of nursing personnel working in emergency and intensive care services. A cross-sectional retrospective design was used, and the following measurement instruments were applied: a sociodemographic and work questionnaire, Goldberg’s GHQ- 28 Health Questionnaire, the Baessler and Schwarzer General Self-efficacy Questionnaire, and the Hardy Personality Subscale of Moreno’s Nursing Burnout Questionnaire (CDPE). The results revealed a positive and statistically significant relationship between the individual variables of generalized self-efficacy and hardy personality. A canonical correlation analysis carried out on the psychological distress symptoms with self-efficacy and hardy personality as predictor variables, led us to emphasize the relevance of the construct total hardy personality as a predictor and, consequently, as a protective factor against the onset of psychological distress symptoms in the sample of professionals studied. Lastly, the implications of the results for clinical practice are discussed (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Emergency Nursing/methods , Emergency Nursing/organization & administration , Emergency Nursing/trends , Self Efficacy , Critical Care/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Retrospective Studies , Data Analysis/methods , Analysis of Variance
12.
Enferm Clin ; 18(3): 134-41, 2008.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18579063

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess occupational satisfaction and perceived general health in a sample of emergency nurses. METHOD: We performed a cross-sectional study in nursing staff of the Hospital Morales Meseguer emergency service. A survey of sociodemographic and occupational variables was carried out. Two validated questionnaires were also used: the "Font Roja" occupational satisfaction questionnaire (1988), and the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), validated by Lobo et al. (1986) for the Spanish population, to asses perceived general health. RESULTS: The response rate was 79.7%. The mean overall satisfaction score was 3.38 (SD = 0.34). Female professionals showed higher mean overall satisfaction (3.40; SD = 0.50) than male professionals (3.19; SD = 0.10) (p < 0.05). Nursing professionals showed greater satisfaction with occupational stress (2.99; SD = 0.55) than auxiliary nursing staff (2.55; SD = 0.62) (p < 0.05). The mean overall score for perceived general health was 4.42 (SD = 5.48). The higher the occupational satisfaction score, the lower the perceived general health score (r = -0.282; p = 0.037). The B-scale of anxiety symptoms showed the highest number of significant correlations with the distinct dimensions of occupational satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: Moderate levels of occupational satisfaction were found among the professionals studied. Significant differences in gender were found in the evaluation of mean overall satisfaction, specifically in factors related to relationships with superiors and extrinsic characteristics associated with status and professional recognition. Psychic vulnerability was found in 25.5% of the health professionals surveyed.


Subject(s)
Emergency Nursing , Health Status , Job Satisfaction , Self Concept , Adult , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Surveys and Questionnaires
13.
Enferm. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 18(3): 134-141, mayo 2008. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-66109

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Estimar el nivel de satisfacción laboral y evaluar el estado de salud general percibida en una muestra de profesionales de enfermería de urgencias. Método. Estudio descriptivo transversal. Población de estudio: personal de enfermería del Servicio de Urgencias del Hospital Morales Meseguer de Murcia. Se utilizaron 3 instrumentos de evaluación: 1 encuesta de variables sociodemográficas y laborales, y 2 cuestionarios validados: el cuestionario de satisfacción laboral Font Roja (1988) y el General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) de Goldberg, adaptado y validado por Lobo et al (1986), para la evaluación del estado general de salud percibido.Resultados. El porcentaje de participación fue del 79,7%. La satisfacción laboral global media fue de 3,38 (desviación estándar [DE] = 0,34). Los profesionales de sexo femenino muestran mayor satisfacción laboral global (3,40; DE = 0,50) que los profesionales de sexo masculino (3,19; DE = 0,10) (p < 0,05). Los profesionales de enfermería muestran mayor satisfacción con la dimensión de tensión laboral (2,99; DE = 0,55) que los auxiliares de enfermería (2,55; DE = 0,62) (p < 0,05). La media global de salud general percibida fue de 4,42 (DE = 5,48). Cuanto mayor es la satisfacción laboral, la salud general percibida es menor (r = –0,282; p = 0,037). La escala B de síntomas de ansiedad es la que muestra un mayor número de correlaciones significativas con las distintas dimensiones de la satisfacción laboral. Conclusiones. El grado de satisfacción laboral es medio. Se encontraron diferencias de sexo en la evaluación de la satisfacción laboral global media, y más concretamente para los factores de relación con los jefes y características extrínsecas de estatus o reconocimiento profesional. El 25,5% de los profesionales estudiados presenta vulnerabilidad en su salud psíquica


Objective. To assess occupational satisfaction and perceived general health in a sample of emergency nurses. Method. We performed a cross-sectional study in nursing staff of the Hospital Morales Meseguer emergency service. A survey of sociodemographic and occupational variables was carried out. Two validated questionnaires were also used: the “Font Roja” occupational satisfaction questionnaire (1988), and the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), validated by Lobo et al. (1986) for the Spanish population, to asses perceived general health. Results. The response rate was 79.7%. The mean overall satisfaction score was 3.38 (SD = 0.34). Female professionals showed higher mean overall satisfaction (3.40; SD = 0.50) than male professionals (3.19; SD = 0.10) (p < 0.05). Nursing professionals showed greater satisfaction with occupational stress (2.99; SD = 0.55) than auxiliary nursing staff (2.55; SD =0.62) (p < 0.05). The mean overall score for perceived general health was 4.42 (SD = 5.48). The higher the occupational satisfaction score, the lower the perceived general health score (r = –0.282; p = 0.037). The B-scale of anxiety symptoms showed the highest number of significant correlations with the distinct dimensions of occupational satisfaction. Conclusions. Moderate levels of occupational satisfaction were found among the professionals studied. Significant differences in gender were found in the evaluation of mean overall satisfaction, specifically in factors related to relationships with superiors and extrinsic characteristics associated with status and professional recognition. Psychic vulnerability was found in 25.5% of the health professionals surveyed


Subject(s)
Humans , Job Satisfaction , Nurses/psychology , 16360 , Sex Distribution , Age Distribution , Affective Symptoms/epidemiology , Occupational Health , Cross-Sectional Studies
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