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1.
Encephale ; 47(5): 495-498, 2021 Oct.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33422285

ABSTRACT

In France, since the law of June 17, 1998, sexual offenders may be convicted to ambulatory mandatory care, articulated with the justice. Twenty years after the implementation of this law, while social and technological developments have redefined certain aspects of delinquency, reference documents and practice guidelines remain to be updated. This is why the professionals of the main structures and associations dealing with perpetrators of sexual violence organized a public hearing under the sponsorship of the French Federation of Resource Centers for Sexual Violence Perpetrators (FFCRIAVS) according to the methodology and with the accompaniment of the High Authority of Health. This article presents the global methodology of the public hearing "Sexual Offenders: Prevention, Evaluation and Care" which was conducted on June 14 and 15, 2018. Thirty-three experts replied to27 questions and presented their conclusions to an Audition Committee and an audience of 200 persons representative of the civil and professional society. After a public debate, the hearing committee prepared a report in which they proposed propositions in order to better care for sexual offenders.


Subject(s)
Criminals , Prisoners , Sex Offenses , Humans , Secondary Prevention , Sex Offenses/prevention & control
2.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) ; 101 Suppl 1: 69-78, 2017 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28627061

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to investigate the impact of the supplementation of a pre-biotic compound [Jerusalem artichoke meal (JAM)] on the glycaemic and insulinaemic response in healthy, non-obese warm-blooded horses. Six adult mares [mean body weight (bwt) 529 ± 38.7 kg; body condition score 5.1 ± 0.49/9] were used. In two equal meals per day, the horses received crushed oat grains (1 g starch/kg bwt per day) and meadow hay (2 kg/100 kg bwt per day) which together were likely to meet the energy recommendation for light work (GfE, ). Additionally, they received either 0.15 g fructo-oligosaccharides and inulin (FOS+INU)/kg bwt per day via commercial JAM or maize cob meal without grains as control (CON) in 2 × 3-week periods according to a crossover design. Blood was collected on d21 of the feeding period at different ante- and postprandial (PP) time points (-60, 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240 and 300 min), and the plasma glucose and serum insulin levels were determined. Feeding JAM vs. CON did not change the PP peak of glucose or insulin (glucose: 6.3 ± 0.40 vs. 7.0 ± 0.87 mmol/l; insulin: 0.508 ± 0.087 vs. 0.476 ± 0.082 nmol/l) nor did it cause different AUCs until 120 and 300 min PP for glucose and insulin, respectively (AUC120 , glucose: 997 ± 41.6 vs. 1015 ± 41.63 mmol/l per minute, insulin: 49 ± 6.3 vs. 42 ± 6.3 nmol/l per minute; AUC300 , glucose: 1943 ± 142.3 vs. 2115 ± 142.3 mmol/l per minute, insulin: 94 ± 14.8 vs. 106 ± 14.8 nmol/l per minute; p > 0.05). Following JAM vs. CON feeding, glucose and insulin levels declined more rapidly until 240 min PP and tended to be lower (p = 0.053 and p = 0.056, respectively) at this time point. This result might be promising and should further be studied more detailed.


Subject(s)
Animal Feed/analysis , Blood Glucose , Diet/veterinary , Helianthus/chemistry , Horses/metabolism , Insulin/blood , Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Animals , Female , Horses/blood
3.
Int Endod J ; 48(1): 84-8, 2015 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24646310

ABSTRACT

AIM: To investigate the use of a zinc oxide/zinc sulphate-based cement (Coltosol(®) F, Coltène Whaledent, Cuyahoga Falls, OH, USA) as a temporary filling material during multiple-visit root canal treatments and the occurrence of cracks within the filling material or the tooth. METHODOLOGY: Root canals of one hundred and twenty-two extracted human molars were prepared using ProTaper instruments up to size F2. After root canal preparation, standardized mesial-occlusal-distal cavities were prepared. The buccal-lingual/palatal width of the cavities was 4.5 mm), so that the remaining cavity walls had a mean thickness of 3.5 mm. Teeth were checked for cracks and fracture lines using a stereomicroscope with 10× magnification. A calcium hydroxide slurry was used as an intracanal dressing. The teeth were divided into three groups. In the Coltosol group, the cavity was filled with Coltosol(®) F. In the Coltosol-Clearfil group, a 2-mm layer of Coltosol(®) F was placed into the coronal pulp chamber, the remaining cavity was filled with Clearfil(™) . In the Clearfil group, a foam pellet was placed onto the orifices of the root canals, the remaining cavity was filled with Clearfil(™) . In the control group, the cavities were left without any filling material. The teeth were stored in water at 37 °C for 14 days and examined every 24 h under a stereomicroscope for fracture lines occurring on the tooth surface or in the filling material. RESULTS: In the Coltosol group, fractures within the filling material were observed in 28 (85%) of 33 teeth. 13 (39%) teeth had tooth fractures. Amongst these teeth, 8 (61%) had root fractures, 1 (8%) had a crown fracture and 4 (31%) had a root-crown fracture. CONCLUSION: Coltosol(®) F, when used alone as a restorative material, led to tooth fractures in Class II cavities in teeth undergoing root canal treatment. Tooth fractures may occur 4 days after placement of the filling.


Subject(s)
Calcium Sulfate/chemistry , Root Canal Filling Materials/chemistry , Root Canal Preparation/methods , Tooth Fractures/etiology , Zinc Sulfate/chemistry , Calcium Hydroxide/chemistry , Composite Resins/chemistry , Dental Restoration, Temporary , Humans , In Vitro Techniques , Molar , Resin Cements/chemistry
4.
Anaesthesia ; 69(9): 990-1001, 2014 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24894025

ABSTRACT

The i-scoop is an intubation device with a curved guiding bar with laterally located lenses at its tip, rather than a blade. Twenty-five anaesthesiologists intubated a manikin that simulated first a normal and then a difficult airway. All participants were able to intubate the difficult airway with a good view of the glottis using the i-scoop. None was able to intubate using seven other laryngoscopes (Macintosh laryngoscope, GlideScope(®) GVL and AVL, McGrath(®) (Series 5/MAC), C-MAC(®) , A.P. Advance(™) ). Intubation was successful only with the Airtraq(®) (n = 10), the Airway Scope (n = 5), the C-MAC D-Blade (n = 2), the A.P. Advance DAB (n = 1) and the GlideScope DL Trainer (n = 1) (p < 0.001, success rate of i-scoop vs all 12 laryngoscopes combined). In contrast to all other videolaryngoscopes, intubation of the normal airway with the i-scoop was achieved even faster than with the Macintosh laryngoscope (p < 0.02). The i-scoop outperformed all other laryngoscopes in both difficult and normal airways, and therefore has potential as an easier and safer alternative to present devices.


Subject(s)
Airway Management/instrumentation , Intubation, Intratracheal/instrumentation , Laryngoscopes , Clinical Competence , Endpoint Determination , Humans , Intubation, Intratracheal/adverse effects , Laryngoscopes/adverse effects , Laryngoscopy , Manikins , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
5.
Caries Res ; 47(6): 553-8, 2013.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23838437

ABSTRACT

It was hypothesized that saliva from patients with erosion exhibits lower protective efficacy compared to saliva from patients without erosion, based on in vitro enamel softening studies. A total of 645 enamel specimens were distributed among seven experimental groups. Saliva was gathered from each of 10 volunteers without clinical signs of dental erosion and from 10 patients exhibiting severe erosive defects. Aliquots of 50 ml of saliva from each patient were mixed with sour drops or citric acid, respectively. Pooled saliva, sour drops and citric acid mixed with water served as controls. The enamel specimens were soaked in the respective mixture for 5 min and were subsequently incubated in pure saliva for 2 min. This cycle was repeated three times, then the specimens were kept in 100 ml of saliva for 8 h. Surface microhardness was evaluated at the beginning of the experiment and after each cycle. During the experiments, microhardness decreased significantly in all groups except for the pure saliva group. For sour drops and citric acid mixed with saliva from patients without erosion, the final microhardness was higher compared to the mixture of the two erosive compounds with saliva from patients with erosion. The storage of saliva for 8 h resulted in a certain amount of rehardening, with the highest level of rehardening being observed in the group that was least demineralized (sour drops plus saliva from patients without erosion). It is concluded that salivary components play a crucial role in the development of dental erosion.


Subject(s)
Dental Enamel/pathology , Saliva/physiology , Tooth Erosion/etiology , Animals , Buffers , Candy , Cattle , Citric Acid/pharmacology , Fumarates/pharmacology , Gelatin/pharmacology , Glucose/pharmacology , Hardness , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Time Factors , Tooth Remineralization
6.
J Fish Dis ; 36(8): 711-9, 2013 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23305522

ABSTRACT

The Great Lakes strain of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus IVb (VHSV-IVb) is capable of infecting a wide number of naive species and has been associated with large fish kills in the Midwestern United States since its discovery in 2005. The yellow perch, Perca flavescens (Mitchill), a freshwater species commonly found throughout inland waters of the United States and prized for its high value in sport and commercial fisheries, is a species documented in several fish kills affiliated with VHS. In the present study, differences in survival after infection with VHSV IVb were observed among juvenile fish from three yellow perch broodstocks that were originally derived from distinct wild populations, suggesting innate differences in susceptibility due to genetic variance. While all three stocks were susceptible upon waterborne exposure to VHS virus infection, fish derived from the Midwest (Lake Winnebago, WI) showed significantly lower cumulative % survival compared with two perch stocks derived from the East Coast (Perquimans River, NC and Choptank River, MD) of the United States. However, despite differences in apparent susceptibility, clinical signs did not vary between stocks and included moderate-to-severe haemorrhages at the pelvic and pectoral fin bases and exophthalmia. After the 28-day challenge was complete, VHS virus was analysed in subsets of whole fish that had either survived or succumbed to the infection using both plaque assay and quantitative PCR methodologies. A direct correlation was identified between the two methods, suggesting the potential for both methods to be used to detect virus in a research setting.


Subject(s)
Disease Susceptibility/veterinary , Hemorrhagic Septicemia, Viral/virology , Novirhabdovirus/growth & development , Perches , Animals , Disease Susceptibility/mortality , Disease Susceptibility/virology , Genotype , Hemorrhagic Septicemia, Viral/genetics , Hemorrhagic Septicemia, Viral/mortality , Maryland/epidemiology , North Carolina/epidemiology , Novirhabdovirus/isolation & purification , Perches/classification , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary , Viral Plaque Assay/veterinary , Wisconsin/epidemiology
7.
J Fish Biol ; 83(5): 1161-82, 2013 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24580660

ABSTRACT

Wild, downstream-migrating cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii, smolts and adults were captured at a weir in Big Beef Creek, Hood Canal, Washington, surgically implanted with acoustic tags and tracked to identify spring and summer movements using stationary receivers in order to test the assumption that the species moves little while in marine waters. Overall, 93-96% migrated from the stream into the east side of the long narrow fjord, where they dispersed north and south along the shoreline. Most O. c. clarkii were detected nearshore within 10 km of the release site, with declining detection rates to 77 km. Over one-third (36%) crossed c. 2-4 km of deep water to the other side but only one O. c. clarkii left the Hood Canal basin. Movements and behaviour patterns did not differ between smolts and adults but cluster analysis revealed two modes of distribution, here categorized as residents and migrants. Within these categories of overall distribution, a range of finer-scale behaviour patterns was observed, including sedentary individuals, daily moving between proximate sites and more continuous long-distance travel. Diel movement patterns varied markedly among individuals but overall activity increased near dawn, peaked around mid-day and declined but continued at night. These patterns contrast with sympatric and closely related steelhead trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, providing new insights into the diversity of salmonid behaviour.


Subject(s)
Animal Migration , Oncorhynchus/physiology , Acoustics , Animal Identification Systems , Animals , Cluster Analysis , Models, Biological , Telemetry , Washington
9.
J Transl Med ; 9: 168, 2011 Oct 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21970318

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), expression levels of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) correlate with poor prognosis and decreased survival rates. As the mechanisms responsible for cellular immune response to EGFR in vivo remain unclear, the frequency and function of EGFR-specific cytotoxic T cells (CTL) was determined in HNSCC patients. METHODS: The frequency of CTL specific for the HLA-A2.1-restricted EGFR-derived YLN peptide (YLNTVQPTCV) and KLF peptide (KLFGTSGQKT) was determined in 16 HLA-A2.1+ HNSCC patients and 16 healthy HLA-A2.1+ individuals (NC) by multicolor flow cytometry. Patients' results were correlated to EGFR expression obtained by immunohistochemistry in corresponding tumor sections. Proliferation and anti-tumor activity of peptide-specific CTL was demonstrated by in vitro stimulation with dendritic cells pulsed with the peptides. RESULTS: Frequency of EGFR-specific CTL correlated significantly with EGFR expression in tumor sections (p = 0.02, r2 = 0.6). Patients with elevated EGFR scores (> 7) had a significantly higher frequency of EGFR-specific CTL than NC and patients with low EGFR scores (< 7). EGFR-specific CTL from cancer patients were expanded ex vivo and produced IFN-γ upon recognition of EGFR+ target cells. CONCLUSION: EGFR expressed on HNSCC cells induces a specific immune response in vivo. Strategies for expansion of EGFR-specific CTL may be important for future immunotherapy of HNSCC patients.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/immunology , ErbB Receptors/metabolism , Head and Neck Neoplasms/immunology , T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology , CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Case-Control Studies , Cell Membrane/metabolism , Female , HLA-A2 Antigen/immunology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Male , Middle Aged , Peptides/metabolism , Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
11.
J Fish Biol ; 78(4): 1054-72, 2011 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21463307

ABSTRACT

Fathead minnows Pimephales promelas were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] to observe immunological responses during simulated bacterial and viral challenge at the level of gene expression and granulocyte function. Complementary DNA libraries were created from LPS- and poly(I:C)-treated fish and c. 5000 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were sequenced. The ESTs were subjected to BLASTx analysis and 1500 genes were annotated, grouped by function and 20 immune genes were selected for expression studies by real-time PCR. Lipopolysaccharide treatment significantly downregulated expression of interferon regulatory factor 2 binding protein 1 (nine-fold), Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12a (three-fold) and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, TRAIL (two-fold). In poly(I:C)-treated fish, a significant upregulation was observed for IFN-inducible and antiviral proteins belonging to the family of Mx proteins (73-fold) and chemokine CCL-C5a (28-fold). Blood neutrophil count was significantly increased in poly(I:C)-treated fish at 24 and 48 h post-injection. Neutrophil extracellular trap release and respiratory burst of kidney granulocytes were suppressed in poly(I:C)-treated fish, while degranulation of primary granules was not affected significantly by the treatment. The changes in gene expression and neutrophil function in P. promelas exposed to LPS and poly(I:C) support the use of this species as an alternative model for studies of pathogen effects on the innate immune system of fishes.


Subject(s)
Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology , Cyprinidae , Fish Proteins , Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects , Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology , Neutrophils/drug effects , Poly I-C/pharmacology , Animals , Cyprinidae/genetics , Cyprinidae/immunology , Expressed Sequence Tags , Fish Proteins/genetics , Fish Proteins/immunology , Gene Expression Profiling
13.
Aust Health Rev ; 34(4): 390-4, 2010 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21108897

ABSTRACT

This paper outlines 10 lessons derived from the development of a consumer-directed care program for families with disabled children in Melbourne, Australia. The following program elements proved to be of importance over the course of the development process: (1) research participants should be involved as early as possible; (2) an open, inclusive communication style in conjunction with a good understanding of potential concerns and a careful framing of the policy issue is required to build trust and allow meaningful collaboration; (3) various strands of evidence have to be woven together; (4) ongoing commitment and support from management and key stakeholders; (5) effective knowledge transfer and cultural change processes; (6) capacity building; (7) mediation of power differentials; (8) community building; (9) participant re-engagement strategies; and (10) solid project management skills.


Subject(s)
Community Health Services/organization & administration , Community-Based Participatory Research/organization & administration , Disabled Children , Family Health , Child, Preschool , Health Policy , Humans , Professional-Family Relations , Program Development , Victoria
14.
Laryngoscope ; 118(12): 2172-6, 2008 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19029852

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: In previous studies, we have demonstrated that the T-allele of a specific single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the Galphas gene (T393C) correlates with increased Galphas expression and hence apoptosis. The T-allele was associated with a favorable outcome in a variety of human cancers, for example, carcinoma of the urinary bladder, kidney, colorectal, oro- and hypopharynx. STUDY DESIGN: The prognostic value of the T393C SNP was retrospectively evaluated in an unselected series of patients treated with curative intent for laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas including all tumor stages with different therapeutic regimens. METHODS: DNA analysis was performed using DNA from paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 157 patients (142 men, 15 women) with a median follow-up of 68 (3-143) months. The various genotypes were correlated with the overall survival. RESULTS: Survival was significantly dependent on the T393C genotype in advanced American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stages (III-IV) with an apparent gene-dose effect (P = .0437). Five-year survival rates were 76% for TT, 49% for TC, and 43.5% for CC. In multivariate analysis including age at diagnosis, AJCC stage, grade, gender, and T393C genotypes, patients with CC genotype displayed a higher risk for death with a hazard ratio of 2.59 (95% confidence interval: 1.01-6.64, P = .047) compared with the reference group consisting of T393 homozygous individuals. CONCLUSIONS: The T393C SNP is a prognostic marker that could help to identify high risk patients suffering from head and neck cancer.


Subject(s)
Alleles , Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics , GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs/genetics , Laryngeal Neoplasms/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics , Aged , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy , Chromogranins , Female , Genotype , Humans , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Laryngeal Neoplasms/mortality , Laryngeal Neoplasms/pathology , Laryngeal Neoplasms/therapy , Male , Middle Aged , Multivariate Analysis , Neoplasm Staging , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Prognosis , Proportional Hazards Models , Retrospective Studies
15.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev ; 17(11): 3203-7, 2008 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18990763

ABSTRACT

The T-allele of a common C825T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the gene GNB3, encoding the G3 subunit of heterotrimeric G-proteins, is associated with a truncated form of the G3 protein that imparts a greater signaling capacity than the alternative C-allele encoding a nontruncated protein. We analyzed the C825T-allele status with regard to disease progression in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The prognostic value of the SNP was evaluated in an unselected series of 341 patients treated with curative intent for HNSCC including all tumor stages with different therapeutic regimens. Genotype analysis was done by Pyrosequencing using DNA from paraffin-embedded tissue samples. Genotypes were correlated with relapse-free and overall survival. Proportions of 5-year relapse-free intervals were 62% for CC, 60% for TC, and 42% for TT genotypes. Kaplan-Meier curves revealed a significant genotype-dependent relapse-free interval (P = 0.036). In multivariate analysis with stage, localization, grade, gender, and smoking habits as covariates, GNB3 825T homozygous patients displayed a higher risk for relapse than C825 homozygous patients (TT versus CC, hazard ratio; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-4.8; P = 0.002). The same genotype effect was found for overall survival, TT genotypes were at higher risk for death compared with CC genotypes (hazard ratio, 2.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.6-4.3; P < 0.001), and 5-year survival proportions were 60% for CC, 52% for TC, and 33% for TT. The GNB3 C825T SNP thus represents a host derived prognostic marker in HNSCC, which allows identifying high-risk patients, which could benefit from novel and/or more aggressive therapeutic regimes.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics , Head and Neck Neoplasms/genetics , Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Alleles , Analysis of Variance , Case-Control Studies , Disease Progression , Female , Genotype , Humans , Male , Multivariate Analysis , Prognosis , Proportional Hazards Models , Risk Factors , Survival Analysis
16.
Clin Cancer Res ; 14(6): 1753-8, 2008 Mar 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18347176

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: In previous studies, we have shown that the T allele of a specific single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the Galphas gene (T393C) correlates with increased Galphas expression and hence apoptosis. The T allele was associated with a favorable outcome in a variety of human cancers, e.g., carcinoma of the urinary bladder, kidney, and colorectum. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The prognostic value of the T393C SNP was evaluated in an unselected series of patients treated with curative intent for oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas, including all tumor stages with different therapeutic regimens. Genotype analysis was done using DNA from paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 202 patients (162 men, 40 women) with a median follow-up of 38 months (1-133 months). The various genotypes were correlated with relapse-free and overall survival. RESULTS: GNAS1 393C homozygous patients displayed a higher risk for disease progression than T393 homozygous patients (hazard ratio CC versus TT, 1.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-3.2; P = 0.019). The same genotype effect was observed for overall survival with CC genotypes at higher risk for death compared with TT genotypes (hazard ratio, 1.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-2.9; P = 0.015). Multivariate analysis showed that, besides American Joint Committee on Cancer stage, tumor localization, and gender, the T393C polymorphism was an independent prognostic factor for disease progression and death. CONCLUSION: The T393C SNP could be considered as a genetic marker to predict the clinical course of patients suffering from oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality , GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs/genetics , Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms/genetics , Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms/mortality , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/genetics , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/mortality , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Adult , Aged , Amino Acid Substitution/physiology , Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy , Chromogranins , Cysteine/genetics , Disease-Free Survival , Female , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genotype , Humans , Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms/therapy , Male , Middle Aged , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/therapy , Prognosis , Recurrence , Survival Analysis , Threonine/genetics
17.
Fish Shellfish Immunol ; 23(4): 877-85, 2007 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17521923

ABSTRACT

CD83, a cell surface membrane glycoprotein member of the Ig superfamily which is commonly used as standard surface marker for dendritic cells, was cloned from gilthead sea bream macrophages using degenerate primers against conserved motifs of known CD83 sequences. The obtained cDNA contains an open reading frame of 669 nucleotides that translate into a 222 amino acid putative peptide. The deduced protein sequence shows conservation of features shared by vertebrate CD83 and multiple alignment with fish CD83 sequences reveals high homology. In cultured sea bream macrophages CD83 mRNA expression was significantly enhanced in a dose- and time-dependent fashion after stimulation with Escherichia coli LPS. These results indicate that in fish, macrophages express high levels of CD83 mRNA after LPS exposure and CD83 is therefore a good marker for activated mature myeloid cells in fish.


Subject(s)
Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology , Antigens, CD/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects , Immunoglobulins/genetics , Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology , Macrophages/immunology , Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics , Sea Bream/genetics , Sea Bream/immunology , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Antigens, CD/chemistry , Base Sequence , Biomarkers/analysis , Immunoglobulins/chemistry , Macrophages/drug effects , Membrane Glycoproteins/chemistry , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , Sequence Alignment , Time Factors , Tissue Distribution/immunology , CD83 Antigen
18.
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol ; 291(5): R1327-37, 2006 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16741137

ABSTRACT

The zebrafish has become an important genetic model, but their small size makes them impractical for traditional physiological studies. In contrast, the closely related giant danio is larger and can be utilized for physiological studies that can also make use of the extensive zebrafish genomic resources. In addition, the giant danio and zebrafish appear to exhibit different growth types, indicating the potential for developing a comparative muscle growth model system. Therefore, the present study was conducted to compare and characterize the muscle growth pattern of zebrafish and giant danio. Morphometric analyses demonstrated that giant danio exhibit an increased growth rate compared with zebrafish, starting as early as 2 wk posthatch. Total myotome area, mean fiber area, and total fiber number all exhibited positive correlations with larvae length in giant danio but not in zebrafish. Morphometric analysis of giant danio and zebrafish larvae demonstrated faster, more efficient growth in giant danio larvae. Similar to larger teleosts, adult giant danio exhibited increased growth rates in response to growth hormone, suggesting that giant danio exhibit indeterminate growth. In contrast, adult zebrafish do not exhibit mosaic hyperplasia, nor do they respond to growth hormone, suggesting they exhibit determinate growth like mammals. These results demonstrate that giant danio and zebrafish can be utilized as a direct comparative model system for muscle growth studies, with zebrafish serving as a model organism for determinate growth and giant danio for indeterminate growth.


Subject(s)
Cyprinidae/growth & development , Models, Biological , Muscle, Skeletal/growth & development , Zebrafish/growth & development , Animals , Cyprinidae/physiology , Female , Growth/drug effects , Growth/physiology , Growth Hormone/pharmacology , Hyperplasia/pathology , Male , Muscle, Skeletal/pathology , Muscle, Skeletal/physiology , Zebrafish/physiology
19.
Int Endod J ; 39(7): 558-65, 2006 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16776760

ABSTRACT

AIM: To compare the detectability of residual Epiphany and gutta-percha after root canal retreatment using a dental operating microscope and radiographic examination with the residual area measured after rendering the roots transparent. METHODOLOGY: Sixty extracted single-rooted maxillary central incisor teeth were enlarged to apical size 40. Thirty canals were filled using vertically compacted Epiphany, the remainder were filled with vertically compacted gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer. After re-instrumentation to apical size 50, radiographs of the roots were taken in buccolingual and mesiodistal direction. Residual filling material was categorized by three observers using the radiographs and a dental operating microscope. The area of remaining material that was made visible by radiographs was measured with the aid of a computer image analysis programme. After clearing the roots, areas of residual filling material on the root canal wall were measured using a microscope. RESULTS: Computer image analysis of the radiographs showed significantly smaller areas of remaining gutta-percha and Epiphany compared with the analysis of the transparent teeth that revealed only one absolutely clean root (Epiphany). Especially in the gutta-percha group, the scores determined by the observers using radiographic examination gave an over-optimistic impression of cleanliness compared with the scores determined by the visualization through the microscope. CONCLUSION: Especially for remaining gutta-percha, the operating microscopes provided better detection of residual root filling material in retreated maxillary incisor teeth.


Subject(s)
Dental Pulp Cavity/pathology , Gutta-Percha/chemistry , Root Canal Filling Materials/chemistry , Root Canal Therapy/methods , Dental Pulp Cavity/diagnostic imaging , Epoxy Resins/chemistry , Humans , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Incisor , Microscopy/instrumentation , Observer Variation , Radiography, Dental , Retreatment , Root Canal Preparation/methods , Surface Properties
20.
Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir ; 10(1): 56-62, 2006 Jan.
Article in German | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16341680

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The endovascular occlusion of symptomatic carotid cavernous fistulae (CCF) via the transfemoral approach is safe and effective. Due to anatomical variations or after unsuccessful transarterial therapy, a direct surgical approach to the superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) may be necessary. CASE REPORTS: In two patients with acute ophthalmologic symptoms coil occlusion of the CCF was performed after palpebral incision and cannulation of the SOV. RESULTS: In both patients preparation of the SOV was performed successfully and without complications. After coil embolization of the CCF both patients had complete resolution of symptoms within several weeks. During a follow-up of 12 months there were no recurrences, but both patients exhibited moderate blepharoptosis. CONCLUSION: Embolization of CCF via a surgically created approach is an effective procedure in selected cases when standard interventional treatment is not possible.


Subject(s)
Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula/therapy , Embolization, Therapeutic/methods , Patient Care Team , Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula/diagnostic imaging , Cerebral Angiography , Diagnosis, Differential , Exophthalmos/etiology , Eye/blood supply , Eye Diseases/etiology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Ophthalmic Artery/diagnostic imaging , Veins , Vision Disorders/etiology
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