ABSTRACT
An epidemic of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) was reported from Pune in August-September, 1996. Conjunctival swabs and scrapings were taken from acute patients attending the OPD of the Ophthalmology department of B. J. Medical College, Pune. Conjunctival swabs were processed in human embryonic lung fibroblasts (HEL) cell line and viral isolates were obtained which were identified as Enterovirus (EV) 70 prime strain using standard in-vitro neutralisation test. Indirect intracellular immunofluorescence test also confirmed the identity of the virus involved in the epidemic.
Subject(s)
Conjunctivitis, Acute Hemorrhagic/epidemiology , Conjunctivitis, Acute Hemorrhagic/virology , Humans , India/epidemiologySubject(s)
Cyprinidae , Gills/cytology , Animals , Cell Line , Chromosomes/chemistry , Cytogenetics , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Gills/enzymology , Gills/growth & development , Glucose-6-Phosphatase/metabolism , Isoenzymes/metabolism , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Malate Dehydrogenase/metabolismSubject(s)
Conjunctivitis, Acute Hemorrhagic/epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks , Enterovirus Infections/epidemiology , Enterovirus/isolation & purification , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Conjunctivitis, Acute Hemorrhagic/virology , Enterovirus Infections/virology , Female , Humans , India/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , RecurrenceABSTRACT
A cell line (MRK-90) has been established from a kidney tissue of a macaque monkey (Macaca radiata) of India. The cells are in 150th passage and have been characterized for morphology, chromosome number, isoenzyme patterns (LDH and MDH) and virus susceptibility. These studies indicate that the cells are epithelial like, heteroploid (2n = 65) and grow easily on glass surface/plastic surface without any difficulty. The cells are susceptible to a broad spectrum of viruses.
Subject(s)
Kidney/cytology , Macaca radiata/anatomy & histology , Animals , Cell LineABSTRACT
We report on the isolation of enterovirus 70 (EV-70) in Pune, India in 1991. The isolate was identified by the neutralization and indirect immunofluorescent antibody tests. The isolate was found to be a prime type of the EV-70 (J670/71) which was isolated by Kono and collaborators in 1971 (Kono et al., 1974).
Subject(s)
Conjunctivitis, Acute Hemorrhagic/virology , Enterovirus Infections/virology , Enterovirus/isolation & purification , Adult , Antibodies, Viral , Cells, Cultured , Conjunctivitis, Acute Hemorrhagic/epidemiology , Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral , Disease Outbreaks , Enterovirus/classification , Enterovirus/immunology , Enterovirus Infections/epidemiology , Female , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Humans , India/epidemiology , Neutralization TestsABSTRACT
To assess the risk of hepatitis B infection among dental personnel, serum samples were collected from dentists of Pune and students, staff, auxiliary staff and class D staff of a dental college in Bombay. Dentists (32.02%), dental auxiliary staff (35.89%), clinical assistants and post-graduate students (19.56%) were found to have significantly higher prevalence of HBV infection as compared to undergraduate dental students (3.94%). The prevalence of HBV infection was high among the dentists as compared to voluntary donors. A positive linear association was observed in the positivity of HBV seromarkers with increasing age and number of years spent by the workers in the dental environment. The rate of increase in HBV seropositivity with age was higher (P less than 0.05) among dental personnel when compared to voluntary donors. Vaccination against hepatitis B is recommended for all the dental students before they start their clinical phase and for susceptible dentists and dental auxillary staff.
Subject(s)
Dental Auxiliaries , Dentists , Hepatitis B/epidemiology , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Students, Dental , Humans , India/epidemiology , Prevalence , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Con A induced peritoneal exudate (PE) cells were characterized in 9-12 days old infant mice. It was observed that 100-200 micrograms of Con A induces two peaks viz. first at 48 hrs post inoculation (PI) and second on 8-10 days PI. Majority of the induced cell population was adherent macrophages (75-80%) and non adherent population was 20-25%. During 2nd peak of induction non adherent population increased upto 40%. The macrophage population was heterogenous. However, majority of them were 8-12 micron in size. The cells showed strong non specific esterase and acid phosphatase activities. Subsequently, there was vesicle formation in this population. Con A also induced vesiculation in PE cells markedly when compared with normal unstimulated mice.
Subject(s)
Concanavalin A/pharmacology , Macrophages/immunology , Peritoneal Cavity/cytology , Acid Phosphatase/analysis , Animals , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Esterases/analysis , Mice , Mice, Inbred Strains , Peritoneal Cavity/immunologyABSTRACT
Eight to ten-day-old mice when inoculated i.p. with Concanavalin A yielded a large number of cells in the peritoneal exudate (PE), the majority of which belonged to the macrophage series. Con A-treated and untreated (control) mice were infected i.p. with Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus. The PE cells of Con A-treated mice showed a higher percentage and greater intensity of virus specific immunofluorescent cells as compared with the cells from control mice. No live virus was detected in the Con A-induced cells. However, traces of live virus were found in the cells of control mice, 3-6 hr after infection. In vitro, peritoneal macrophages from Con A-treated mice showed a higher uptake of the virus (83.3%) within 18 hr as compared to the cells from paraffin-treated mice (34%). The protection of Con A-induced mice to JE virus challenge by i.p. route could be due to increased uptake and subsequent inactivation of the JE virus in the peritoneal exudate cells.
