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2.
Nefrologia (Engl Ed) ; 42(3): 233-264, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36210616

ABSTRACT

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem worldwide that affects more than 10% of the Spanish population. CKD is associated with high comorbidity rates, poor prognosis and major consumption of health system resources. Since the publication of the last consensus document on CKD seven years ago, little evidence has emerged and few clinical trials on new diagnostic and treatment strategies in CKD have been conducted, apart from new trials in diabetic kidney disease. Therefore, CKD international guidelines have not been recently updated. The rigidity and conservative attitude of the guidelines should not prevent the publication of updates in knowledge about certain matters that may be key in detecting CKD and managing patients with this disease. This document, also prepared by 10 scientific associations, provides an update on concepts, clarifications, diagnostic criteria, remission strategies and new treatment options. The evidence and the main studies published on these aspects of CKD have been reviewed. This should be considered more as an information document on CKD. It includes an update on CKD detection, risk factors and screening; a definition of renal progression; an update of remission criteria with new suggestions in the older population; CKD monitoring and prevention strategies; management of associated comorbidities, particularly in diabetes mellitus; roles of the Primary Care physician in CKD management; and what not to do in Nephrology. The aim of the document is to serve as an aid in the multidisciplinary management of the patient with CKD based on current recommendations and knowledge.


Subject(s)
Diabetic Nephropathies , Nephrology , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic , Consensus , Diabetic Nephropathies/diagnosis , Diabetic Nephropathies/epidemiology , Diabetic Nephropathies/therapy , Humans , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosis , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/epidemiology , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy , Risk Factors
3.
Nefrología (Madrid) ; 42(3): 1-32, Mayo-Junio, 2022. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-205763

ABSTRACT

La enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) es un importante problema de salud pública a nivel mundial afectando a más del 10% de la población española. Se asocia a elevada comorbilidad, mal pronóstico, así como a un gran consumo de recursos en el sistema sanitario. Desde la publicación del último documento de consenso sobre ERC publicado hace siete años, han sido escasas las evidencias y los ensayos clínicos que hayan mostrado nuevas estrategias en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la ERC, con excepción de los nuevos ensayos en la enfermedad renal diabética. Esta situación ha condicionado que no se hayan actualizado las guías internacionales específicas de ERC. Esta rigidez y actitud conservadora de las guías no debe impedir la publicación de actualizaciones en el conocimiento en algunos aspectos, que pueden ser clave en la detección y manejo del paciente con ERC. En este documento, elaborado en conjunto por diez sociedades científicas, se muestra una actualización sobre conceptos, aclaraciones, criterios diagnósticos, estrategias de remisión y nuevas opciones terapéuticas.Se han revisado las evidencias y los principales estudios publicados en estos aspectos de la ERC, considerándose más bien un documento de información sobre esta patología. El documento incluye una actualización sobre la detección de la ERC, factores de riesgo, cribado, definición de progresión renal, actualización en los criterios de remisión con nuevas sugerencias en la población anciana, monitorización y estrategias de prevención de la ERC, manejo de comorbilidades asociadas, especialmente en diabetes mellitus, funciones del médico de Atención Primaria en el manejo de la ERC y qué no hacer en Nefrología.El objetivo del documento es que sirva de ayuda en el manejo multidisciplinar del paciente con ERC basado en las recomendaciones y conocimientos actuales. (AU)


Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem worldwide that affects more than 10% of the Spanish population. CKD is associated with high comorbidity rates, poor prognosis and major consumption of health system resources. Since the publication of the last consensus document on CKD seven years ago, little evidence has emerged and few clinical trials on new diagnostic and treatment strategies in CKD have been conducted, apart from new trials in diabetic kidney disease. Therefore, CKD international guidelines have not been recently updated. The rigidity and conservative attitude of the guidelines should not prevent the publication of updates in knowledge about certain matters that may be key in detecting CKD and managing patients with this disease. This document, also prepared by 10 scientific societies, provides an update on concepts, clarifications, diagnostic criteria, remission strategies and new treatment options.The evidence and the main studies published on these aspects of CKD have been reviewed. This should be considered more as an information document on CKD. It includes an update on CKD detection, risk factors and screening; a definition of renal progression; an update of remission criteria with new suggestions in the older population; CKD monitoring and prevention strategies; management of associated comorbidities, particularly in diabetes mellitus; roles of the Primary Care physician in CKD management; and what not to do in Nephrology.The aim of the document is to serve as an aid in the multidisciplinary management of the patient with CKD based on current recommendations and knowledge. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Nephrology , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosis , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/prevention & control , Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis , Diabetes Mellitus/therapy , Consensus , Albuminuria , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Proteinuria , Primary Health Care
4.
Angiol. (Barcelona) ; 74(1): 5-12, ene.-feb.,2022. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-202749

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes y objetivo: los pacientes en hemodiálisis crónica son un colectivo especialmente vulnerable a la COVID-19. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar el impacto que la COVID-19 ha tenido en la actividad clínica y quirúrgica relacionada con el acceso vascular (AV) en nuestro centro. Métodos: estudio observacional retrospectivo en el que se compara la actividad y los resultados relacionados con el acceso vascular del año natural previo a la pandemia (2019) respecto al primer año de pandemia (2020). Resultados: tras el inicio de la pandemia adaptamos nuestras estrategias diagnóstico-terapéuticas a esta nueva situación para evitar la expansión del virus. Analizamos los resultados de 723 pacientes, que fueron evaluados en la consulta de AV (403 valorados en 2019 y 320 en 2020). El número de intervenciones realizadas en ambos periodos fue similar. Se objetivó un incremento en la realización de fístulas radiocefálicas en 2020 (51,2 % frente a 32,5 %) (p = 0,026), además de una reducción signifi cativa del tiempo en lista de espera (30 ± 23,2 días en 2019 frente a 15,2 ± 19,2 días en 2020; p = 0,001). Ninguno de los pacientes operados presentó infección por coronavirus en el primer mes tras la intervención. En 2020 destacó una mayor mortalidad de los pacientes valorados en la consulta de enfermedad renal crónica avanzada (ERCA) (37,5 % frente a 27,5 %) (p = 0,02). También se objetivó un ligero incremento no signifi cativo del uso de catéter venoso central (CVC), tanto en los pacientes que iniciaron hemodiálisis con CVC (CVC incidentes: 48,5 % en 2019 frente a 55,5 % en 2020, p = 0,440) como en el global de pacientes en hemodiálisis crónica (CVC prevalentes: 34,8 % en 2019 frente a 40,4 % en 2020, p = 0,380)


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Sciences , Coronavirus , Thoracic Surgery , Renal Dialysis
5.
Ther Apher Dial ; 21(1): 88-95, 2017 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28093894

ABSTRACT

High-volume online hemodiafiltration (OL-HDF) has been associated with improved patient survival compared to conventional hemodialysis in recent trials, where the importance of convective volume (CV) in this benefit is noted. The purpose of this study was to determine the corporal composition parameters influencing the efficacy of CV in the removal of different molecular weight (MW) molecules. Demographic data, corporal composition parameters with bioimpedance spectroscopy, dialysis features and the reduction rates of different MW molecules in a four-hour OL-HDF session were collected in 61 patients. We observed a significant negative correlation of ß2-microglobulin, cystatin-C, myoglobin and prolactin reduction rates with body surface area, weight, total body extracellular (ECW) and intracellular water (ICW), lean tissue mass and body cellular mass. The multivariable regression analysis identified ECW and ICW as the only corporal composition factors independently associated to the relative elimination of ß2-microglobulin (Beta: -0.801, P = 0.002 for ECW and Beta: -1.710, P = 0.001 for ICW), cystatin-C (Beta: -0.656, P = 0.010 for ECW and Beta: -1.511, P = 0.004 for ICW) and myoglobin (Beta: -0.745, P = 0.014 for ECW and Beta: -2.103, P = 0.001 for ICW), in addition to CV. Prolactin reduction was only associated with ICW (Beta: -1.540, P = 0.028). When adjusting CV with ECW and ICW, only the ratio CV/ECW was an independent predictor for higher elimination of ß2-microglobulin, cystatin-C and myoglobin. The corporal composition parameters independently associated to the reduction of medium-sized molecules are the extracellular and intracellular water. The ratio "convective volume/extracellular water" predicts higher efficacy of convective transport. Adjusting the convective volume to patient features could be useful to monitor the efficacy of OL-HDF and to prescribe individualized therapies.


Subject(s)
Body Water/metabolism , Hemodiafiltration/methods , Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy , Adult , Biological Transport , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dielectric Spectroscopy , Female , Humans , Kidney Failure, Chronic/metabolism , Male , Treatment Outcome
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