[Use of vilosen in the treatment of radiation damage of the immune system]. / Vilozen iak zasib korektsiï radiatsiinykh urazhen' imunnoï systemy.

The possibility of vilosen usage for the immune system damage liquidation was studied. Rats obtained discrete rentgen irradiation during 1 month in the total dose of 4 Gr. Mice obtained internal 131I irradiation in a dose of 9.25 kBk/g. It was established that thymus and spleen masses, quantity of their cells, blood leukocytes and antibody production decreased by as external and internal irradiation. Irradiated animals treated with vilosen restored their immune system functional state partly or completely. The preparation was assumed to be used for the correction of immune system radiation damage.

[The action of somatotropin and a nonpeptide mitogenic factor on thymocyte proliferative activity]. / Deistvie somatotropina i nepeptidnogo mitogennogo faktora na proliferativnuiu aktivnost' timotsitov.

Hydrocortisone-resistant thymocyte proliferation is stimulated by the nonpeptide mitogenic factor. In vivo incubation of hydrocortisone-resistant thymocytes in the presence of the nonpeptide mitogenic factor results in accumulation of extra- and intracellular hypoxanthine, originating from 8-14C-adenylic acid. Stimulation of in vitro incorporation of 2-14C-thymidine in the thymocyte DNA may be effected via the somatotropic hormone in case nonseparated thymocytes (but not hydrocortisone-resistant ones) are used. No hypoxanthine accumulation in somatotropin-stimulated nonseparated rat thymocytes was observed. 2-14C-thymidine incorporation in the hydrocortisone-resistant thymocyte DNA was enhanced by incubation of the cells in the presence of hypoxanthine in concentrations observed after thymocyte stimulation with nonpeptide mitogenic factor. The authors come to a conclusion that somatotropin and nonpeptide mitogenic factor stimulate the proliferation of two different thymocyte populations, that may be involved in the process of proliferation and regeneration of the thymus exposed to steroids.

[Significance of adenylic acid catabolites for mouse thymus regeneration]. / Znachenna gipokantinu ta sechovoï kysloty dlia regeneratsii tymusu myshi.

The distribution of [8-14C]adenylic acid catabolites in mouse thymocytes in cortisone-resistant and total thymocyte population has been studied. The accumulation of labelled catabolites in a form of hypoxanthine was found preferentially in cortisone resistant thymocytes but not in total population. This accumulation considerably grows after incubation of cortisone resistant thymocytes with non-peptide mitogenic factor. The excretion of labelled hypoxanthine into medium was also observed. In order to investigate a significance of hypoxanthine accumulation cortisone resistant thymocytes were incubated in the presence of hypoxanthine range concentration and [14C]thymidine incorporation into thymocyte DNA was determined. It was found that [14C]thymidine incorporation into thymocyte DNA increases after incubation in presence of 0.5-5.0 micrograms of hypoxanthine or 0.0005-5.0 micrograms of uric acid. It has been concluded that stimulation of [14C]thymidine incorporation and thymocyte proliferation by non-peptide mitogenic factor is caused by hypoxanthine accumulation.

[Adenylic acid catabolism in thymocytes of the regenerating thymus in mice]. / Katabolizm adenilovoi kisloty v timotsitakh regeneriruiushchei v timotsitakh regeneriruiushchei vilochkovoi zhelezy myshi.

The T-cell non-peptide mitogenic factor isolated from the thymus stimulates thymus regeneration in mice previously treated with hydrocortisone. [8-14C]AMP catabolism in cortisone resistant thymocytes of mice has been investigated. Incorporation of radioactivity into hypoxanthine in cortisone resistant thymocytes is found to increase as compared with the total thymocyte population. Accumulation of labeled AMP catabolites in the form of hypoxanthine grows considerably after in vitro incubation of cortisone-resistant thymocytes with the non-peptide T-cell mitogenic factor. A large proportion of [8-14C]AMP catabolite radioactivity incorporated into cortisone-resistant thymocytes is excreted into the medium as hypoxanthine. It is supposed that hypoxanthine accumulation abrogates limitation of thymocyte DNA synthesis inhibited by relative excess of dGTP.

[Acceptance of amino acids by transfer RNA in the liver of rabbits in experimental diabetes complicated by glucocorticoid administration]. / Aktseptirovanie aminokislot transportnymi RNK v pecheni krolikov pri eksperimental'nom diabete, oslozhnennom vvedeniem gliukokortikoidov.

Alloxan diabetic rabbits were injected with hydrocortisone acetate (1 mg/kg) daily for one week. This led to a more pronounced decrease of acception of 14C-lysine, 14C-alanine, and 14C-leucine by tRNAs as compared to the diabetic status. Diminution of formation of aminoacyl-tRNA in the liver of diabetic animals was the result not only of insulin deficiency, but also of the negative action of glucocorticoids.

[Effect of enteral administration of sodium ribonucleate on the synthesis of amino acyl t RNA in the liver and skeletal muscles of rabbits in experimental hypercorticism]. / Vliianie enteral'nogo vvedeniia ribonukleata natriia na obrazovanie aminoatsil T-RNK v pecheni i skeletnykh myshtsakh krolikov pri eksperimental'nom giperkortitsizme.

Daily, for 14 days, rabbits of one group were injected with corticotropin, i.e. ACTH-zinc-phosphate (10 units/kg), whereas rabbits of another group were given (in addition) sodium ribonucleate (40 mg/kg) through a tube into the stomach. Formation of lysyl-tRNA, leucyl-tRNA, and alanyl-tRNA in the liver and the skeletal muscles proved to be significantly greater in the animals which received ACTH together with sodium ribonucleate, as compared to that in the animals given the hormone alone. Hyperglycemia, hepatomegaly, and emaciation were less pronounced in the animals given both the preparations.

[Aminoacyl-tRNA formation in the liver and skeletal muscles of rabbits under the influence of multiple injections of ACTH alone and in combination with sodium ribonucleinate]. / Obrazovanie aminoatsil-tRNK v pecheni i skeletnykh myshtsakh krolikov pod vliianiem mnogokratnykh in'ektsii AKTG odnogo i v sochetanii s ribonukleinatom natriia

A study was made of the action mechanism of ACTH. ACTH (10 Units/kg) alone or in combination with sodium ribonucleinate (10 mg/kg) was injected to rabbits for 14 days, daily. Sum total tRNA and aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetases were extracted from the liver and the skeletal muscles. tRNA acetylation with lysine-1-C14, leucine-1-C14 and alanine-1-C14 was investigated in vitro in homologous systems. It was found that repeated ACTH injections led to a decrease in the intensity of aminoacyl-tRNA formation in the liver and the skeletal muscles. When ACTH was injected in combination with sodium ribonucleinate formation of aminoacyl-tRNA was much more intensive in both organs than when ACTH was injected alone.

[Effect of sodium ribonucleate on amino acid acceptance by transport RNA in the rabbit liver and muscles]. / Vliianie ribonukleata natriia na aktseptirovanie aminokislot transportnymi RNK v pecheni i myshtsakh krolikov

Both single or repeated (during 14 days) administration of sodium ribonucleate (10 mg/kg) into rabbits, caused an increased formation of lysine-RNA, leucine-t-RNA and alanine-t-RNA; At the same time, the acceptive capacity of t-RNA and aminoacylating activity of amino acyl-t-RNA-synthetases were increased. In sceletal muscles these processes were unaltered after single administration of sodium ribonucleate, but were stimulated after the repeated injections.