ABSTRACT
La tromboangeítis obliterante es una enfermedad segmentaria, inflamatoria y oclusiva, que afecta de forma predominante a las arterias y venas de mediano y pequeño calibre de las extremidades. Ocurre con mayor frecuencia en varones jóvenes fumadores, sobre todo de países mediterráneos y asiáticos. Se considera un proceso autoinmune en relación con el tabaco. Clínicamente, se caracteriza por la presencia de lesiones isquémicas digitales dolorosas. En el estudio histopatológico, suele verse un trombo oclusivo intraluminal con un infiltrado inflamatorio de predominio agudo. Para realizar el diagnóstico es importante excluir otras causas de isquemia de las extremidades y diversos autores han propuesto criterios para establecer dicho diagnóstico. El tratamiento sólo es eficaz si va acompañado de la abstención del tabaco. Además, existen diversas estrategias farmacológicas y quirúrgicas para su manejo
Thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) is a segmental, inflammatory, vasooclusive disease that predominantly affects the small and medium sized arteries and veins of the extremities. It most often occurs in young male smokers, especially those from Mediterranean and Asian countries. It is considered ana autoimmune process related to the use of tobacco products. Clinically, it is characterized by the presence of painful, ischemic ulcers of the digits. Histopathological studies usually show an occlusive intraluminal thrombus with a predominantly acute inflammatory infiltrate. To make the diagnosis, it is important to exclude other causes of ischemia of the extremities, and different authors have proposed criteria to establish this diagnosis. Treatment is only effective if it is accompanied by abstention from tobacco. There are aldo different pharmacological and surgical strategies for its management
Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adult , Humans , Thromboangiitis Obliterans/diagnosis , Thromboangiitis Obliterans/surgery , Iloprost/therapeutic use , Ischemia/complications , Thrombophilia/complications , Protein Deficiency/complications , Thrombophlebitis/complications , Cyanosis/complications , Cyanosis/diagnosis , Angiography/methods , Thromboangiitis Obliterans/etiology , Protein Deficiency/diagnosis , Thromboangiitis Obliterans/epidemiology , Thrombophilia/physiopathology , Thrombophlebitis/physiopathology , Thrombophlebitis/surgery , Diagnosis, Differential , Prognosis , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
Thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) is a segmental, inflammatory, vasoocclusive disease that predominantly affects the small and medium-sized arteries and veins of the extremities. It most often occurs in young male smokers, especially those from Mediterranean and Asian countries. It is considered an autoimmune process related to the use of tobacco products. Clinically, it is characterized by the presence of painful, ischemic ulcers of the digits. Histopathological studies usually show an occlusive intraluminal thrombus with a predominantly acute inflammatory infiltrate. To make the diagnosis, it is important to exclude other causes of ischemia of the extremities, and different authors have proposed criteria to establish this diagnosis. Treatment is only effective if it is accompanied by abstention from tobacco. There are also different pharmacological and surgical strategies for its management.
