Surface electromyography in premature infants: a series of case reports and their methodological aspects.

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the development of a method for using Surface Electromyography (sEMG) to evaluate the suckling of premature infants and describe five case reports. METHODS: The five premature infants who took part in the study were submitted to sEMG evaluation of the masseter and buccinator muscles during different feeding methods. RESULTS: Higher masseter muscle activity was observed in the infants that breastfed or used a cup; masseter muscle activity was reduced and buccinator muscle activity was increased in infants who were fed artificially using only a bottle. CONCLUSIONS: Masseter action was reduced in bottle-fed infants, and there were similarities in masseter activity during breastfeeding and cup-feeding.

Intervening factors in the walking of children presenting myelomeningocele / Fatores intervenientes na marcha de crianças com mielomeningocele

Introduction: All children presenting myelomeningocele are capable of walking. Certain interventions can influence the walking prognosis of these children: physical therapy, medication, and nutritional orientation. Objectives: The aim of this study was to verify the association between ability to walk in children with myelomeningocele and clinical, socioeconomic and therapeutic factors. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the University Hospital. The participants were children aged two years-old or more, diagnosed with myelomeningocele. Data collection was conducted by physical therapy assessment and medical records. The dependent variable was walking and the independent variables were clinical,socioeconomic and therapeutic factors. Results: Forty-one children were evaluated, with a median age of5 years-old (2-9). The clinical factors that revealed an association with walking were neurological area (p < 0,0001) and fractures (p = 0,022). Socioeconomic factors showed not to be significant in relation to ability towalk. Surgery (p = 0,017) and the use of assistive devices (p = 0,023) were also associated with the ability towalk. Conclusion: The determinant clinical factor for walking prognosis was the neurological area. The useof assistive devices and surgical intervention were shown to be necessary for promoting walking activity.