ABSTRACT
Many patients with HIV infection, as well as those without this disease, may have coronary heart disease (CHD) or be at high risk for this condition. The high prevalence of and risk of CHD among patients with HIV infection are generally caused by traditional risk factors that can be readily managed with currently available therapies. New tools are also available for functional imaging and establishing diagnoses and prognoses in patients who do experience coronary events. Management of these persons requires careful attention to patient characteristics that may influence therapeutic outcomes.
Subject(s)
Coronary Disease , HIV Infections/complications , Adult , Aged , Coronary Disease/epidemiology , Coronary Disease/etiology , Coronary Disease/mortality , Female , Humans , Hypercholesterolemia/complications , Hypercholesterolemia/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Prognosis , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon , United States/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Atrioventricular valve duplication is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly. The anomaly is usually recognized as an incidental finding at autopsy, open heart surgery, or two-dimensional echocardiography. In this article we present the transthoracic and transesophageal presentation of a case of mitral and a case of tricuspid valve duplication. The hemodynamic consideration of the lesions is discussed with a review of the literature. (ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Volume 13, January 1996)
