ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Although the relationship of self-efficacy to sports performance is well established, little attention has been paid to self-efficacy in the movements or actions that are required to perform daily activities and prepare the individual to resume sports participation following an injury and associated period of rehabilitation. There are no instruments to measure self-confidence in movement validated in an adolescent population. PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper is to report on the development of the AMCaMP, a self-report measure of confidence in movement and provide some initial evidence to support its use as a measure of confidence in movement. METHODS: The AMCaMP was adapted from OPTIMAL, a self-report instrument that measures confidence in movement, which had been previously designed and validated in an adult population. Data were collected from 1,115 adolescent athletes from 12 outpatient physical therapy clinics in a single healthcare system. RESULTS: Exploratory factor analysis of the 22 items of the AMCaMP using a test sample revealed a three factor structure (trunk, lower body, upper body). Confirmatory factor analysis using a validation sample demonstrated a similar model fit with the data. Reliability of scores on each of three clusters of items identified by factor analysis was assessed with coefficient alpha (range = 0.82 to 0.94), Standard Error of Measurement (1.38 to 2.74), and Minimum Detectable Change (3.83 to 7.6). CONCLUSIONS: AMCaMP has acceptable psychometric properties for use in adolescents (ages 11 to 18) as a patient-centric outcome measure of confidence in movement abilities after rehabilitation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Physical therapy is faced with the challenge of producing evidence that physical therapy interventions are effective. The fundamental question confronting physical therapy is whether or not physical therapy interventions make a contribution to function, health, and well-being. The individual's ability to perform actions can serve as a theoretical construct related to movement and health around which physical therapy interventions can be assessed. To this end, the aims of this study were: (1) to develop a self-report instrument to assess ability to perform mobility actions in an adult outpatient population and (2) to assess the psychometric properties of such an instrument in the appropriate population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: An instrument was developed to assess difficulty and confidence related to 24 actions. Descriptive statistics and measures of reliability, validity, and responsiveness were computed. A total of 391 patients participated in the study. RESULTS: The coefficient for reliability was in the required range, and measures of validity and responsiveness were established as well. Three factors were identified. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The instrument provides the beginning of documentation of outcomes in movement to identify the unique contributions of physical therapist practice.
