[Results of the use of a new vascular prosthesis "Vitaflon" in patients with critical ischemia of the lower limbs]. / Rezul'taty primeneniia novogo sosudistogo proteza "Vitaflon" u bol'nykh s kriticheskoi ishemiei nizhnikh konechnostei.

A new Russian vascular artificial prosthesis from porous PTFE ("Vitaflon") was used in 39 cases of different obliterative arteriopathy in the critical ischemia phase, moreover in 12 cases with foot gangrene. The diagnoses for all the patients (35 men, 4 women, average age 57.8 years) were made in accordance with the clinical data, arteriography and ultra-sound imaging. In 15 cases the cause of ischemia was thrombo-obliteration of the aorto-femoral and in 24 cases of the femoro-popliteal segments. The following bypass operations were made: aorto-femoral graft implantation in 3 cases, ilio-femoral in 7 and ilio-popliteal in 2 cases, extra-anatomical femoro-femoral bypass graft in 4 cases and axillo-bifemoral in 1 case, femoro-popliteal above the knee bypass in 17 cases, in 2 cases explant-profundi femoral, in 1 case popliteal-peroneal prosthesis and in 2 cases profundoplasty. The postoperative period showed 1 graft thrombosis with a successful thrombectomy. In one case an infection of the femoro-femoral prosthesis was registered which was removed. In the long-term period up to 4 years thrombosis was registered in 6 cases with femoro-popliteal and in 2 cases with ilio-popliteal and ilio-femoral bypass grafts. High limb amputation had to be done in 5 cases. During this period 8 patients died from the causes other than operation. 28 cases with working grafts were followed-up, they underwent duplex-doppler investigation and in 4 cases arteriography. The first results showed excellent qualities of the new prosthesis which can be compared with those of the best similar models.

[Effect of potentiated anesthesia on clinical indices in boars]. / Vliianie na potentsiranata anesteziia vurkhu niakoi klinichni pokazateli pri nerezi.

Successful i/v potentiated anesthesia was carried out (injecting the agents in the ocular venous sinus) without surgical intervention with 6 boars and in castration of 14 others. Premedication consisted in the application of 50 gamma per kg body mass, subcutaneously, and a mixture of droperidol (0.25 mg/kg) and phentanil (0.05 mg/kg), intravenously. Fifteen min later a 5 per cent solution of thiopental sodium was introduced i/v as follows: with animals of up to 50 kg--at the rate of 13 mg/kg body mass; with those of 50 to 100 kg--at 10 mg/kg; and with boars of over 100 kg--at 5 mg/kg. Anesthesia lasted 30 min and as long as 30 min after narcosis was over. During anesthesia full relaxation of muscles set in, and the unconditional and ocular reflexes were totally suppressed. The colour of the tongue, and the wetness of mucous membranes remained unchanged. Full lack of response to pains set in. The pulse remained consistent, strong, and rhythmic. Neither were there hythermia and any laryngo- and bronchial spasms. In castration during the general anesthesia the animals showed no response to pains over the entire period of operation. Such potentiated anesthesia made possible and totally convenient all minor surgical interventions in swine.

[Effect of neuroleptanalgesia on the clinical indices of sheep]. / Vliianie na nevroleptanalgeziiata vurkhu niakoi klinichni pokazateli pri ovtsata.

Neuroleptanalgesia with no surgical intervention with seven clinically normal sheep was performed. Relaxation of musculature was noted with characteristic flexion of the simple joints on the fore- and hind limbs; with full lack of unconditional reflexes except for the ocular ones; with rotation of the eyeballs downwards; with drooping of the nictitating membrane in both eyes. Characteristic were also the lack of response upon pricking with a needle at various sites of the body except for the interdigital space with about 30 per cent of the sheep, transient tachycardia, bloat, and discharge of saliva, along with transient respiration of abdominal type. It was also found that neuroleptanalgesia contributes to the development of favourable conditions for both minor and major surgery in the region of the head, neck, chest, abdomen, limbs (except for the hooves), excluding the oral cavity.

[Hematologic and biochemical changes in the blood of boars undergoing potentiated anesthesia with droperidol, fentanyl and thiopental]. / Khematologichni i biokhimichni promeni v kruvta na nerezi pri potentsirana anesteziia s droperidol, fentanil i tiopental.

Intravenous potentiated anesthesia was made with six clinically normal boars of the White Bulgarian breed, weighing 50 kg, premedication of Atropini sulfas (50 gamma/kg M., s/c) and of a mixture of Droperidol (0.25 mg/kg M.) and Fentanyl (0.05 mg/kg M.) introduced via Sinus venosus ophthalmicus being administered 15 min. prior to 13 mg/kg M. of 5% water solution of thiopental-sodium injected in the same sinus. Prior to and following anesthesia at the 1st, 3rd, and 24th hour and on the 4th and 7th day the blood was checked with regard to hemoglobin, erythrocytes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, hematocrit, leukocytes and leukocyte formula, total protein and protein fractions, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chlorides, total and direct bilirubin, and fibrinogen. Hemoglobin, erythrocytes, and hematocrit were found to drop insignificantly mathematically. The rate of increase of the sedimentation did not fully correspond to the drop of the erythrocyte count. The increase in leukocytes was accompanied by transient neutrophilia, eosinopenia, and lymphopenia in the early hours following anesthesia. The changes in the total protein and protein fractions, fibrinogen, total and direct bilirubin, and the other element indices referred to were shown to be close to the physiologic levels.

[Hematological changes in sheep during neuroleptanalgesia with droperidol and fentanyl]. / Niakoi khematologichni promeni v kruvta na ovtse pri nevroleptanalgeziia s droperidol i fentanil.

Studied were 7 clinically normal sheep chosen randomly (merino, Tsigai, and crosses of these as well as Stara Zagora breed and merino crosses), aged 2-3 years, at an average weight of 52.71 kg. I/v neuroleptanalgesia was carried out (with no surgery to follow) at preliminary premedication with atropini sulfas at 350 Y/kg M., in s/c application, and a mixture of Droperidol at 0.25 mg/kg M. and Fentanyl at 0.005 mg/kg M. in i/m application. Fifteen min later the basic portion of the Droperidol (0.25 mg/kg) and Fentanyl (0.010 mg/kg) mixture was introduced (i/v). The changes in the blood were followed up prior to and after anaesthesia at the 1st, 3rd, and 24th hour and on the 4th and 7th day with regard to hemoglobin, erythrocytes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, hematocrit, leukocytes and leukocyte formula, total protein and protein fractions, Ca, P, Mg, Na, K, total and direct bilirubin, and fibrinogen. It was found that hemoglobin and erythrocyte values were close to the normal ones. The higher leukocyte count at the 3rd and 24th hour following neuroleptanalgesia was accompanied by transient moderate neutrophilia, lymphopenia, and very slight eosinopenia. The total protein, protein fractions, fibrinogen, total and direct bilirubin, Ca, Na, and K did not show essential changes. Phosphorus and Mg dropped at the 3rd and 24th hour, and on the 7th day did not come back to normal.

[Surgical diseases in calves and the economic losses from them during intensive fattening]. / Khirurgichni zaboliavaniia na teletata i ikonomicheski zagubi ot tiakh pri intenzivno ugoiavane.

Investigations were carried out in 1982 at three calf-fattening complexes of the same type of equated conditions of growing and feeding on a total of 15 600 bull calves to establish the percent of surgical diseases and the economic losses thereof. Highest proved the share of diseases involving the bone-joint apparatus of the limbs--fractures, epiphysiolyses, arthroses, arthritis (6 per cent), the hooves (1.8 per cent), the soft tissues of the limbs--wounds, ruptures, tendinitis and tendovaginitis, bursitis, pareses and paralyses (5.4 per cent). Considerable was the number of cases with the involvement of other organs too--genitalia, horns, tail, and others (2.1 per cent). The economic losses of the emergency slaughtered bull calves as well as of the those that died, along with the therapeutic means used amounted to LV 320 000 for a year.

[Effect of average-duration ether anesthesia on the behavior and clinical indices of dogs]. / Vliianie na sredno produlzhitelnata eterna anesteziia vurkhu povedenieto i niakoi klinichni pokazateli pri kucheto.

The investigations made use of ten clinically normal dogs which were subjected to an overall ether intubation anaesthesia with no surgical intervention, with the preliminary medication of a mixture of morphine and atropine applied subcutaneously. In the surgical phase (III)3 after Guedel there was full relaxation of muscles; full absence of the eye and the unconditional reflexes; downward rotation of the eye-balls; covering of the cornea up to one/third by the nictitating membrane; decrease in the lacrimal secretion and drying up of the cornea; lack of response at surgical intervention or at pricking with a needle in the interdigital space. The postnarcotic sleep continued 3-4 hours. The dogs came back to normal on the 3rd, 4th, and 5th day after anaesthesia.

[Biochemical changes in the blood serum of calves with secondary immune blood transfusion shock]. / Niakoi biokhimichni promeni v kruvniia serum na teleta pri vtorichnoimunen khemotransfuzionen shok.

Investigated were 10 clinically normal calves with which transfusion was carried out of incompatible isogenic blood at the rate of 2-4 cm3/kg body weight against which they had immune isoerythroantibodies. It was established that SGOT and SGPT rose, and this was associated with the erythrocyte hemolysis, drop of Ca, P, K, and Na and total protein to the detriment of albumins. During all periods following the transfusion there was hypoalbuminemia with compensatory hyperglobulinemia and increase in the alfa 1, alfa 2, beta 1 and gamma-globulin subfractions. The beta 3 globulins were lacking at the 4th hour and on the 4th day following the blood transfusion.

[Morphological blood changes in calves with secondary immune blood transfusion shock caused by the recipients' immune erythrocyte isoantibodies]. / Morfologichni promeni vi kruvta na teleta pri vtorichno imunen khemotransfuionen shok, predizvikan ot imunnite izoeritroantitela na retsipientite.

Investigations were carried out with 10 clinically normal calves, aged 1 to 6 months, through transfusion of 2-4 cm3/kg incompatible isogenic blood against which the recipients had immune isoerythrocyte antibodies of 1:2 to 1:32 titers. All animals, were studied for hemoglobin content, total erythrocyte and leukocyte count, leukocyte formula, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) prior to the transfusion of blood and at the 1st, 4th and 24th hour and on the 4th and 7th day. An abrupt drop of hemoglobin was established at the 1st and 4th hour following hemotransfusion, while the erythrocytes dropped at the 4th hour. Within the remaining periods of time these two indices fluctuated around the normal value. Low or high ESR/1 and 2 hours showed no connection with the changes in the erythrocyte count. Lasting leukopenia was established along with transient eosinopenia, well exposed neutropenia, lymphocytosis, and monocytosis.

[Secondary immune blood transfusion shock in calves due to the donor immune erythrocyte isoantibodies]. / Vtorichnoimunen khemotransfuzionen shok u teleta, predizvikan ot imunite izoeritroantitela na donorite.

Experiments were carried out on 2 cows, used as donors and 10 calves at the age from 1 to 6 months, taken in the experiment as recipients. The calves were made a blood-transfusion in a dose of 9 cm(3)/kg T. from donors whose serum contained immune erythroantibodies with a titer of 1:4--1:64, directed against their erythrocytes. The recipients had not had antibodies, directed against the donors' erythrocytes. For the purposes of the investigations were used a hemalitic test and an agglutination in a vidal test-tube. The post-transfusional immune reactions and complications observed were related to the hematransfusional shock as a result of a collision between the donor's immune isoerythroantibodies and their corresponding erythrocytic antigens in the recipients. This shock is of great practical value for transfusional hematology in calves. The immune isoerythroantibodies, built up after blood transfusion of immunized, in advance, donors, were formed in 60% of the cases on the 7th--9th days afer the blood-transfusion and disappeared from peripheral blood on the 30ieth day afterwards.