[One century of the cholesterol model of atherosclerosis].

2012 sees the centennial of the development of the cholesterol model of atherosclerosis by N.N. Anitchkov and S.S. Khalatov. Its appearance became an important stage in the development of atherosclerosis pathogenesis and determined the further directions by Anitchkov's investigations direction as well as others Russian and world researchers. The Anitchkov biography and the history of experimental cholesterol atherosclerosis model creation described in details. This article considers the history of the development of the cholesterol model, some modern concepts on the nature of hypercholesterolemia (Watanabe's genetic model), demonstrating importance of the cell receptors in the homeostasis maintenance.

[Transfer of conditioned reflex hypoglycemia in dogs]. / Perenos uslovnoreflektornoi gipoglikemii u sobak.

Conditioned hypoglycemia was induced by intravenous injection of a 20% glucose solution to donor dogs. In control tests the dogs were injected the same volume of 0.9% saline. Then 0.5 ml of cerebrospinal fluid from donor animals was injected into suboccipital cisterna of recipient dogs. 24 hours later the recipient animals were exposed to the conditioned signal and injected physiological saline. It has been demonstrated that hypoglycemic response in recipient and donor dogs was identical, the reactions retained in the recipient dogs for 5-7 days after the liquor administration.

[Lipid extraction from blood plasma and the subsequent administration of the autologous delipidized plasma as a possible agent for treating atherosclerosis (an experimental study)]. / Ekstraktsiia lipidov iz plazmy krovi i posleduiushchee vvedenie v organizm sobstvennoi delipidirovannoi plazmy kak vozmozhnoe sredstyo lecheniia ateroskleroza (éksperimental'noe issledovanie).

A method for the delipidization of blood plasma of rabbits and dogs with diethyl ether with its subsequent reinfusion into the animal's body is described. Triglycerides and cholesterol were mainly extracted from blood plasma, and only 1/3 of phospholipids. In dog experiments the plasma delipidization procedures led to a decrease of the cholesterol content in the overall fraction of atherogenic lipoproteins of low and very low density and an increase of the cholesterol content in antiatherogenic lipoproteins of high density. The lipoextraction procedures are harmless and may be employed for reducing the blood lipid level.

[Regulation of the total functional state of the brain in dogs in the presence of the 1st and repeated increases in total illumination]. / Osobennosti reguliatsii obshchego funktsional'nogo sostoianiia golovnogo mozga u sobak pri pervom i pri povtornykh uvelicheniiakh obshchei osveshchennosti.

The influence of the first and repeated increases of total illumination of the experimental chamber on conditioned activity was studied in chronic experiments on six dogs by the secretory alimentary conditioned reflex method. It was found that such repeated functional loads exert a training effect on the mechanism regulating the general functional state of the brain. In preliminarily trained animals different components of the conditioned reflex are rapidly and synchronously reorganized. In non-trained animals the reorganization of the brain general functional state was prolonged and accompanied by development of a pronounced emotional stress. It has been assumed that training of the functions controlling the general functional state of the brain is based on conditioned mechanisms. An important part is played by the mechanism of conditioned inhibition, which prevents a prolonged retention and reproduction of an excessively intensive level of emotional stress.