ABSTRACT
It has been shown that 4% carbon dioxide (CO2) in the air above reaction mixture inhibits the initiation of the formation of silver nanoparticles from complexes with biogenic amines (noradrenaline and serotonin). At the same concentration of CO2 in the air above solution of AgNO3, which is used for staining nerve tissues by the method of Golgi, neurons are preferentially stained, whereas at a concentration of 0.06%, vessels and poor neurons are stained. It is suggested that the entry of free silver ions to neurons is due to the inhibition of sites of initiation of silver nanoparticles in vessels at high CO2 concentrations, while the lack of inhibition leads to silver precipitation in vessels at low CO2 concentrations. It can be assumed that, for stable silver impregnation, the concentration of CO2 must be controlled.
Subject(s)
Carbon Dioxide/chemistry , Cerebral Cortex/chemistry , Silver Nitrate/chemistry , Silver Staining/methods , Animals , Cerebral Cortex/cytology , Norepinephrine/chemistry , Rats , Serotonin/chemistryABSTRACT
Hemorrhagic stroke (intracerebral hemorrhage) is a socially significant cerebrovascular disease. Despite high mortality and disability rates, hemorrhagic stroke has been experimentally studied to a lesser extent than ischemic stroke. The modeling of hemorrhagic stroke may be used to solve a number of fundamental and practical problems. The present review deals with the review of the currently available procedures for modeling hemorrhagic stroke.
Subject(s)
Cerebral Hemorrhage , Disease Models, Animal , Stroke , Animals , HumansABSTRACT
The pharmacological efficacy of cerebrolysin (a brain-derived peptidergic drug) was studied in rats with a unilateral hemorrhagic stroke model. Cerebrolysin produces a neuroprotective effect, which is manifested by a decrease in the number of degenerated neurons in the vicinity of hematoma region in acute period and by a reduction of the neuronal loss in the early recovery phase. Besides, the administration of cerebrolysin improves the functional state as judged from the results of neurological and behavioral tests (open field, paw licking, and passive avoidance). A decrease in the hyperactivity in the open field test and the conservation of latent avoidance in the passive avoidance test demonstrate the drug influence on the maintenance of inhibitory processes deteriorated in stroke.
Subject(s)
Amino Acids/pharmacology , Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Cerebral Hemorrhage/pathology , Neurons/drug effects , Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology , Animals , Cell Count , Disease Models, Animal , Male , Neurons/pathology , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
The effect of the new drug "cerebral" and its fractions 1-3 on the model of bilateral hemorrhagic stroke in white rats was studied with reference to the action of cebrolysin and cerebrolysate-M. With respect to the general functional state, behavioral activity restoration, and morphological data, the most pronounced antistroke action was observed for the cerebral-1 fraction. This fraction was further separated into three subfractions. The most promising test results were obtained for the 1.2 subfraction, which was selected for the further investigation.
