ABSTRACT
The paper estimates the epidemic value of indicators for microbial contamination of waters from their main supply sources (waters from the Tsimlyansk Reservoir and the Nizhni Don River and drinking waters from the towns of Azov and Tsimlyansk) in the Rostov Region. The Tsimlyansk Reservoir water met the SanPiN 2.1.5.980-00 requirements for the normalizable indices of total coliform bacteria (TCB) and thermotolerant coliform bacteria (TtCB) in 54% of the samples; glucose-positive coliform bacteria (GPCB) and Salmonella were isolated in 100 and 60%, respectively. The Azov drinking water that met the SanPiN 2.1.4.1074-01 requirements for TCB and TtCB) was found to contain GPCB, Klebsiella, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 5.7, 4.8, and 3% of the samples, respectively Direct detection of pathogenic and potentially pathogenic microorganisms and the integral GPCB index are of the greatest prognostic value in assessing a microbial risk for waterborne enteric infections.
Subject(s)
Bacteria/isolation & purification , Environmental Monitoring/methods , Fresh Water/microbiology , Water Microbiology , Water Supply/standards , Humans , RussiaABSTRACT
Summary. The paper provides comparative characteristics of water quality in the assessment of a risk for intestinal infections in drinking water use. It has shown that of the greatest predictive value is direct detection of potentially pathogenic microorganisms, as well as the integral indicator determined by glucose fermentation, such as glucose-positive coliform bacteria. Estimation of the per cent of nonstandard samples of water before its entering the distribution network and in the latter, including glucose-positive Escherichia coli GPEC, is recommended. The samples containing GPEC in a quantity of more than 2 CFU/100 ml should be singly taken into account.
Subject(s)
Disease Outbreaks/statistics & numerical data , Environmental Illness/epidemiology , Fresh Water/microbiology , Water Microbiology/standards , Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control , Environmental Illness/microbiology , Humans , Incidence , Risk Factors , Russia/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The paper presents the data of experimental and field studies into the efficiency of Salmonella isolation from differently bacterial-contaminated water, by employing 3 storage media. It shows the benefits of using the test medium versus the storage (magnesium and selenite) media commonly applied by practical laboratories. The content of Salmonella in the biotopes of varying biological contamination is shown.
Subject(s)
Gastrointestinal Diseases/microbiology , Salmonella typhimurium/isolation & purification , Water Microbiology , Animals , Gastrointestinal Diseases/epidemiology , HumansABSTRACT
Base for use of new luquid mild inhibitory accumulation medium for the isolation of Salmonella from water objects has been proposed. High sensitivity and efficacy of the new medium compared with routinely used magnesium and selenitic media were shown in experimental conditions. During examination of water from surface reservoirs the new accumulation medium allowed to isolate Salmonella with higher index and various serologic patterns.
Subject(s)
Culture Media , Salmonella/growth & development , Bacteriological Techniques/methods , Russia , Salmonella/isolation & purification , Sensitivity and Specificity , Water/analysis , Water MicrobiologyABSTRACT
Quantitative relationships were studied between the indicators (common coliform bacteria (CCP), glucose-positive bacteria (GPB), thermoduric bacteria (TDB), coliform bacteria, enterococci, clostridia, coliphages) and the opportunistic (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus, Klebsiella) and pathogenetic (Salmonella and intestinal viruses) microorganisms at the stages of effluent purification and decontamination, in processes of self-purification in the water reservoirs and of water preparation at water-supplying stations, as well as in the association with the incidence of acute intestinal infections of bacterial and viral genesis in different climatic zones of the country. Salmonella and the opportunistic bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were found to be highly resistant to detoxifying agents and environmental factors, adaptable, able to reproduce in pure water, to long survive in underground waters, and to accumulate when water is desalinated at the erections. The cases of intestinal infections were found in the population using the portable water of the standard quality in terms of E. coli, TDB, CCB, and enterococci. In this case only the wider integral index of GPB, which includes the indices of E. coli, TDB, CCB, as well as lactose-negative pathogenic and opportunistic species retains its sanitary significance in terms of all signs and is a reliable indicator of the potential epidemic hazard of drinking water use. Long-term studies have provided evidence for the sanitary value of coliphages as indicators of viral drinking water contamination.
Subject(s)
Disease Outbreaks/statistics & numerical data , Enterobacteriaceae Infections/epidemiology , Enterobacteriaceae/isolation & purification , Environmental Illness/epidemiology , Fresh Water/microbiology , Water Microbiology/standards , Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control , Enterobacteriaceae Infections/microbiology , Enterobacteriaceae Infections/transmission , Environmental Illness/etiology , Humans , Incidence , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Russia/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The study demonstrated that the cancer situation is tense in the Tsimlyansk area and it can be referred to a high malignant tumor morbidity and mortality zone. The sources of water supply of populated localities may be involved in the formation of malignant tumor morbidity rates.
Subject(s)
Neoplasms/chemically induced , Neoplasms/epidemiology , Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity , Water Supply/standards , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Female , Humans , Incidence , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasms/mortality , Russia/epidemiology , Sex FactorsABSTRACT
The investigations have indicated that in the flood period when the water-purifying means of a water pipe bears the maximum load, the existing water-preparing system cannot fully purify and disinfect drinking water from some opportunistic microbes (Klebsiella, Acinetobacter). The latter were recorded in the pipe water having the MAC of coliform organisms established by the GOST.
Subject(s)
Opportunistic Infections/microbiology , Water Microbiology , Water Supply/standardsABSTRACT
Data on the relationship between the incidence of intestinal infections, including hepatitis A, and communal conditions of settlements and quality of drinking water are presented.