ABSTRACT
This paper briefly describes physiologo-hygienic evaluations of space suits, data of the preflight training and extravehicular activities of the Salyut-6 crewmembers. It discusses changes in physiological parameters, energy expenditures, heat release and associated performance of the autonomic life support system. The paper also analyzes physiologo-hygienic aspects of the extravehicular activity of the Salyut-6 crewmembers.
Subject(s)
Aerospace Medicine , Space Flight , Work , Atmosphere Exposure Chambers , Energy Metabolism , Humans , Life Support Systems/instrumentation , Microclimate , Protective Clothing , USSRSubject(s)
Aerospace Medicine , Altitude , Oxygen/physiology , Ventilators, Mechanical , Adult , Humans , Male , Military Medicine , USSRABSTRACT
A large number (550) pressure chamber experiments in which 200 suited subjects simulated an egress from the spacecraft (decompression from 760 to 20--10 mm Hg) showed a relationship between decompression sickness frequency and severity, space suit absolute pressure (160--310 mm Hg), time of the exposure (1--10 hours) and desaturation (15--60 min), and exercise load (150--400 Cal/hr). Without desaturation there were no decompression sickness symptoms at a suit pressure of 270--310 mm Hg. An egress into space in a suit at a pressure of 160--230 mm Hg after 15--60 min desaturation induced bends of different severity. Less frequent cases of decompression sickness in our experiments as compared with the literature data (obtained on unsuited subjects) can be attributed to the peculiar kinematics of movements and excessive pressure in the suit.