On the expedient solution of the magneto-hydrodynamic Jeffery-Hamel flow of Casson fluid.

The equation of magneto-hydrodynamic Jeffery-Hamel flow of non-Newtonian Casson fluid in a stretching/shrinking convergent/divergent channel is derived and solved using a new modified Adomian decomposition method (ADM). So far in all problems where semi-analytical methods are used the boundary conditions are not satisfied completely. In the present research, a hybrid of the Fourier transform and the Adomian decomposition method (FTADM), is presented in order to incorporate all boundary conditions into our solution of magneto-hydrodynamic Jeffery-Hamel flow of non-Newtonian Casson fluid in a stretching/shrinking convergent/divergent channel flow. The effects of various emerging parameters such as channel angle, stretching/shrinking parameter, Casson fluid parameter, Reynolds number and Hartmann number on velocity profile are considered. The results using the FTADM are compared with the results of ADM and numerical Range-Kutta fourth-order method. The comparison reveals that, for the same number of components of the recursive sequences over a wide range of spatial domain, the relative errors associated with the new method, FTADM, are much less than the ADM. The results of the new method show that the method is an accurate and expedient approximate analytic method in solving the third-order nonlinear equation of Jeffery-Hamel flow of non-Newtonian Casson fluid.

A swine model to analyze arterial structural changes induced by mechanical thrombectomy.

We report a novel swine model that allows direct visualization of cervical arteries undergoing mechanical thrombectomy. The model also facilitates evaluation of histologic changes observed in the arteries after treatment. Swine superficial cervical arteries, which are similar in size and branching pattern to the human middle cerebral artery, were surgically exposed, occluded with experimental thrombus, and subsequently treated with the Merci clot retriever device. Angiographic and histologic assessment were performed.

Frequency of iron deficiency anemia in girls studying in mashhad high schools.

BACKGROUND: Iron deficiency is one of the most prevalent anemia. 2 million people in the world suffer from it. All young girls are at higher risk for iron defiency anemia, therefore,diagnosis and prevention of this anemia in the young age is very important. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 1500 high school girls educated in five regions of education of Mashhad (ages 14-18 years) were studied. Cell blood count (CBC), serum iron, total iron binding capacity(TIBC),ferritin and peripheral blood smear were performed . If mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was less than normal(<76fl) and Red blood cell (RBC) was more than normal(>5×106/mm3 ), hemoglobin electrophoresis was subjected to test by methods of cellulose acetate to check the possibility of thalassemia minor.The data was analyzed by SPSS(version19) and Minitab software. RESULT: This is a descriptive cross sectional research. From 1500 under-experiment people,1094 cases (72.9%) were non-infected, 310 cases(20.7%) had iron deficiency anemia, and 96 cases(6.4%) had other disorders such as thalassemia. In girls with anemia, 272 cases (87.7%) were in stage I, 17 cases (5.5%) in stage II and 21 cases (6.8%) in stage III. The average age in stage I was higher than stage II and III. . Mean and standard deviation for Hb, Hct, MCV, MCH, MCHC, Fe, TIBC and Ferritin had significant difference in infected and non-infected group. CONCLUSION: This study revealed that the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in young girls are moderate, so that it is important to reduce the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in young girls.

The impact of thromboemboli histology on the performance of a mechanical thrombectomy device.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Recently we published a novel method of thrombus preparation for use in a swine model for evaluation of thrombectomy designs. The clot (fibrin rich clot) is characterized by its similarity in histologic characteristics to the thromboemboli recovered from stroke patients. The purpose of this latest study was to evaluate if the performance of a mechanical thrombectomy device was affected by the histologic characteristics of thromboembolus. Erythrocyte rich clot, which was created using exogenous thrombin, and the novel experimental clot with abundance of fibrin/cellular component were used for comparison. The Merci clot retriever was used for the evaluation and the angiographic outcomes were analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two histologically different types of experimental clot, a conventionally used thrombin-induced clot (erythrocyte-rich clot) and a novel experimental clot that is similar in histologic characteristics to the thromboemboli recovered from patients with stroke (fibrin-rich clot), were prepared. Eight extracranial arteries in swine were occluded with erythrocyte-rich clot (group A), and 8 were occluded with fibrin-rich clot (group B), and MT by using the Merci clot retriever device was performed. Angiographic results in each group were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 48 attempts at MT were made. The average number of attempts to achieve TIMI grade II or III recanalization was 2.75 times in group A and 4.5 times in group B (P < .001), respectively. The mean time to achieve recanalization was 15.5 minutes in group A and 81.5 minutes in group B (P < .01). Every vessel in group A showed recanalization (100%), whereas only 3 of 8 samples (37.5%) achieved recanalization in group B. CONCLUSIONS: In this model, arteries occluded by fibrin-rich clot demonstrated a significantly lower recanalization rate, lower final TIMI score, and a longer mean recanalization time than did arteries occluded by erythrocyte-rich clot. The angiographic outcome of MT by using the Merci clot retriever system was influenced by the histologic characteristics of the occluding thromboembolus.