Student Pedagogical Consultants: A Strategy for Increasing Diversity, Equity, Inclusivity, and a Sense of Belonging in Curricular Approaches in Physical Therapist Education.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Diversity within the physical therapy profession lags in comparison to the United States population. As the profession strives to diversify, faculty must pay attention to diversity, equity, inclusion, and belonging (DEI-B) in curricular approaches, including classroom materials, instruction, and assessment. With critical application, students from equity-deserving groups (EDGs) can provide unique perspectives to faculty about curricular approaches. Case study purposes were to 1) enable students from EDGs to partner with faculty, as student pedagogical consultants (SPCs), in 2 courses in a Doctor of Physical Therapy program to provide feedback on DEI-B efforts related to curricular approaches and 2) describe the outcomes of SPCs experience. CASE DESCRIPTION: Eight female students from EDGs partnered with 3 White, female, faculty members in 2 courses: pediatrics and neurorehabilitation. Two SPCs teams observed the classrooms, met with faculty, and administered two-minute papers to classmates to gather feedback on DEI-B curricular approaches. Faculty and student SPCs wrote reflective papers, postproject, documenting their experiences. OUTCOMES: Themes informed a conceptual framework describing SPCs: 1) motivation for engaging in partnership; 2) creation of a pedagogical partnership space to promote dialogue and problem-solve barriers to DEI-B; 3) deeper understanding of teaching; 4) transfer of learning from the SPC experience to future work locations; and 5) faculty modification of teaching. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Students raised awareness regarding the pain of exclusion and provided suggestions for modifying curricular approaches to consider DEI-B. Curriculum redesign using innovative strategies can meet the contemporary needs of students from EDGs.

Student Confidence in Providing Healthcare to Adults With Intellectual Disability: Implications for Health Profession Curricula.

Self-perceived confidence of health professions students at one university in caring for adults with intellectual disability (ID) was examined via an electronic survey using the Therapy Confidence Scale - Intellectual Disabilities (TCS-ID). A stepwise multiple regression of data collected from 232 completed surveys revealed that prior training and prior experience were predictors of TCS-ID total score. Adults with ID experience healthcare disparities due, in part, to poor provider communication and a lack of confidence. Results from this novel study suggest that opportunities for experiential learning and training with people with ID are important considerations for health professions curricula. Further research is needed for generalizability of results.

Developing Overhand Throwing Skills for a Child With Autism With a Collaborative Approach in School-Based Therapy.

PURPOSE: This case report presents an interdisciplinary approach in school-based therapy, combining physical therapy and applied behavior analysis to improve the motor skills and the participation in recreational activities of a child with autism spectrum disorder. METHODS: A 9-year-old child with autism spectrum disorder participated in a 20-week gross motor intervention designed to improve the child's overhand throwing ability, which included weekly physical therapy instruction and daily throwing trials using applied behavior analysis approaches. RESULTS: The child demonstrated gains in throwing accuracy, significant gains on measures of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-2, the Test of Gross Motor Development-2, and the School Function Assessment. CONCLUSION: This unique approach in school-based therapy demonstrates effective strategies for a multidisciplinary intervention to improve motor learning skills and participation in recreational activities in the school setting.

PT graduates' perceptions of a higher education early intervention training program on employment and practice.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe physical therapist graduates' perceptions of a higher education early intervention (EI) training program on postgraduation employment and practice. METHODS: Using a mixed methods approach, 13 graduates responded to an online survey and 14 participated in a telephone interview. Descriptive statistics and qualitative methods were used for analysis. RESULTS: More than 80% of survey respondents pursued state EI certification following graduation and had practiced in EI. Participants reported that the EI training increased their marketability for employment and preparation for EI practice. Reported challenges included embracing the diverse role of an EI service provider and limited mentoring by another PT. CONCLUSIONS: Results provide important program feedback and highlight the need for curriculum review. This study further informs the national discussion about EI training, pediatric physical therapy curriculum, new graduate practice in EI, and entry-level versus advanced practice.

Should my patient use a mechanical lift? Part 2: algorithm and case application.

The use of algorithms for safe patient handling in the acute care setting has been established and integrated into the standards of practice. This is not the case in the home care setting where the patient and caregivers are at risk for injury during patient transfers. Many factors need to be assessed before recommending a mechanical lift for home use. Some of the factors include the patient's weight-bearing status, cognitive level, and upper extremity strength, and the caregiver's ability to lift more than 35 pounds. All of these factors have been included in the clinical decision-making algorithm described in this article. Two case scenarios are presented to assist the reader with the analysis and application of the algorithm.