ABSTRACT
A viscous solution of low molecular weight chitosan (CH) at 5% w/v (10.2 kDa, 75 % deacetylated, 1451 cP at 25 °C) was associated with a microemulsion (ME) that undergoes a phase transition after water absorption in situ (≈28 % w/w), forming a more viscous liquid crystal, which was potentially evaluated as a topical vehicle. The ME was selected from a phase diagram, selecting a composition based on Tween® 80 (52 %), myristate isopropyl (28 %), and the aqueous phase (water and polyethylene glycol 400, 60:40 w/w) (20 %), which was after replaced by CH and herbal medicines (HM). HM are alternatives to treat candidiasis, and Stryphnodendron adstringens shell extract, characterized by molecular networking, and Melaleuca alternifolia Chell essential oil (46 % of terpinen-4-ol), showed in vitro activity against Candida albicans. Associating CH in ME improved the mechanical properties of the topical formulation, as adhesiveness, which is an advantageous feature for the topical treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis.
Subject(s)
Candida albicans/drug effects , Chitosan/chemistry , Fabaceae/chemistry , Melaleuca/chemistry , Tea Tree Oil/chemistry , Candida albicans/growth & development , Catechin/chemistry , Catechin/isolation & purification , Catechin/pharmacology , Emulsions , Flavonoids/chemistry , Flavonoids/isolation & purification , Flavonoids/pharmacology , Liquid Crystals/chemistry , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Molecular Weight , Myristates/chemistry , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Polyethylene Glycols/chemistry , Polysorbates/chemistry , Proanthocyanidins/chemistry , Proanthocyanidins/isolation & purification , Proanthocyanidins/pharmacology , Rheology , Tea Tree Oil/pharmacology , Water/chemistryABSTRACT
Trichilia ramalhoi Rizz. is a species from Meliaceae family and its chemical composition and biological activities are still unknown. This work describes the chemical composition and biological activities of the organic extracts of this plant. Therefore, methanolic extract of stem barks and leaves were prepared and submitted to chromatographic procedures. Besides, T. ramalhoi extracts biological evaluation showed antioxidant, antinociceptive and, anti-inflammatory activities. Usual chromatographic procedures of the active extracts permitted to isolate methyl 5-O-caffeoylquinate, apocynin C, cinchonains Ia and Ib, besides ß-sitosterol, stigmasterol and lupeol. The identification of the isolates was based on 13C and 1H NMR (1 D and 2 D) spectroscopic data and mass spectrometry. Although the flavalignans cinchonains Ia and Ib were previously isolated from T. catigua, this is the first occurrence of apocynin C in the Meliaceae family.
