Zero-valent iron (ZVI) facilitated in-situ selenium (Se) immobilization and its recovery by magnetic separation: Mechanisms and implications for microbial ecology.

Selenium (Se(VI)) is environmentally toxic. One of the most popular reducing agents for Se(VI) remediation is zero-valent iron (ZVI). However, most ZVI studies were carried out in water matrices, and the recovery of reduced Se has not been investigated. A water-sediment system constructed using natural sediment was employed here to study in-situ Se remediation and recovery. A combined effect of ZVI and unacclimated microorganisms from natural sediment was found in Se(VI) removal in the water phase with a removal efficiency of 92.7 ± 1.1% within 7 d when 10 mg L-1 Se(VI) was present. Soluble Se(VI) was removed from the water and precipitated to the sediment phase (74.8 ± 0.1%), which was enhanced by the addition of ZVI (83.3 ± 0.3%). The recovery proportion of the immobilized Se was 34.2 ± 0.1% and 92.5 ± 0.2% through wet and dry magnetic separation with 1 g L-1 ZVI added, respectively. The 16 s rRNA sequencing revealed the variations in the microbial communities in response to ZVI and Se, which the magnetic separation could potentially mitigate in the long term. This study provides a novel technique to achieve in-situ Se remediation and recovery by combining ZVI reduction and magnetic separation.

A sustainable bioprocess to produce bacterial cellulose (BC) using waste streams from wine distilleries and the biodiesel industry: evaluation of BC for adsorption of phenolic compounds, dyes and metals.

BACKGROUND: The main challenge for large-scale production of bacterial cellulose (BC) includes high production costs interlinked with raw materials, and low production rates. The valorization of renewable nutrient sources could improve the economic effectiveness of BC fermentation while their direct bioconversion into sustainable biopolymers addresses environmental pollution and/or resource depletion challenges. Herein a green bioprocess was developed to produce BC in high amounts with the rather unexplored bacterial strain Komagataeibacter rhaeticus, using waste streams such as wine distillery effluents (WDE) and biodiesel-derived glycerol. Also, BC was evaluated as a bio-adsorbent for phenolics, dyes and metals removal to enlarge its market diversification. RESULTS: BC production was significantly affected by the WDE mixing ratio (0-100%), glycerol concentration (20-45 g/L), type of glycerol and media-sterilization method. A maximum BC concentration of 9.0 g/L, with a productivity of 0.90 g/L/day and a water holding capacity of 60.1 g water/g dry BC, was achieved at 100% WDE and ≈30 g/L crude glycerol. BC samples showed typical cellulose vibration bands and average fiber diameters between 37.2 and 89.6 nm. The BC capacity to dephenolize WDE and adsorb phenolics during fermentation reached respectively, up to 50.7% and 26.96 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dry BC (in-situ process). The produced BC was also investigated for dye and metal removal. The highest removal of dye acid yellow 17 (54.3%) was recorded when 5% of BC was applied as the bio-adsorbent. Experiments performed in a multi-metal synthetic wastewater showed that BC could remove up to 96% of Zn and 97% of Cd. CONCLUSIONS: This work demonstrated a low-carbon approach to produce low-cost, green and biodegradable BC-based bio-adsorbents, without any chemical modification. Their potential in wastewater-treatment-applications was highlighted, promoting closed-loop systems within the circular economy era. This study may serve as an orientation for future research towards competitive or targeted adsorption technologies for wastewater treatment or resources recovery.

Manejo Clínico da Incontinência Urinária em Mulheres Por Enfermeiros da Estratégia de Saúde da Família / Clinical Management of Urinary Incontinence in Women by Family Health Strategy Nurses / Manejo Clínico de la Incontinencia Urinaria en la Mujer Por Enfermeras de la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia

Objetivo:Analisar a atuação dos enfermeiros da Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) no manejo clínico da incontinência urinária em mulheres numa área de planejamento do município do Rio de Janeiro (RJ). Método:Pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa, realizada em sete Unidades Básicas de Saúde, no município do Rio de Janeiro. A amostra foi composta de 27 enfermeiros que atuavam na ESF. A análise dos dados deu-se por meio de estatística descritiva simples, com descrição de frequência relativa e absoluta. Resultados: Evidenciaram-se fragilidades na identificação dos aspectos que envolvem a abordagem precoce, os fatores de risco para o seu desenvolvimento, o tratamento e as atividades educativas. Conclusão: Apesar de se reconhecer que a ESF possui os recursos para o tratamento da incontinência urinária não complicada, algumas ações não são realizadas pelo enfermeiro, como envolver a equipe no cuidado das mulheres com esse acometimento, prescrever exercícios de fortalecimento do assoalho pélvico e avaliar e realizar o tratamento não farmacológico, bem como a investigação das mulheres sem queixa de perda urinária. Portanto, os resultados indicam a necessidade premente de capacitação dos enfermeiros que atuam na ESF.

Objective:To analyze the performance of nurses from the Family Health Strategy (ESF) in the clinical management of urinary incontinence in women in a planning area in the city of Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. Method:Descriptive research, with a quantitative approach, was carried out in seven Basic Health Units, in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The sample consisted of 27 nurses who worked in the ESF. Data analysis was performed using simple descriptive statistics, with a description of relative and absolute frequency. Results: Weaknesses were shown in the identification of aspects involving an early approach, risk factors for its development, treatment, and educational activities. Conclusion: Despite recognizing that the ESF has the resources for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary incontinence, some actions are not carried out by the nurses, such as involving the team in the care of women with this condition, prescribing exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor and evaluating and carry out non-pharmacological treatment, as well as the investigation of women without complaints of urinary loss. Therefore, the results indicate the urgent need for training of nurses who work in the ESF

Overcoming the challenges of using automated technologies for public health evidence synthesis.

Many organisations struggle to keep pace with public health evidence due to the volume of published literature and length of time it takes to conduct literature reviews. New technologies that help automate parts of the evidence synthesis process can help conduct reviews more quickly and efficiently to better provide up-to-date evidence for public health decision making. To date, automated approaches have seldom been used in public health due to significant barriers to their adoption. In this Perspective, we reflect on the findings of a study exploring experiences of adopting automated technologies to conduct evidence reviews within the public health sector. The study, funded by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, consisted of a literature review and qualitative data collection from public health organisations and researchers in the field. We specifically focus on outlining the challenges associated with the adoption of automated approaches and potential solutions and actions that can be taken to mitigate these. We explore these in relation to actions that can be taken by tool developers (e.g. improving tool performance and transparency), public health organisations (e.g. developing staff skills, encouraging collaboration) and funding bodies/the wider research system (e.g. researchers, funding bodies, academic publishers and scholarly journals).

Application of Doehlert design in optimizing the solid-state hydrogenogenic stage augmented with biomass fly ash in a two-stage biohythane production process.

This study aimed to optimize the solid-state hydrogenogenic stage supplemented with biomass fly ash in a two-stage anaerobic digestion (AD) process for biohythane production from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). Doehlert's experimental design was used to obtain the optimal set of two investigated variables, namely total solids (TS) content and biomass fly ash dosage in the defined ranges of 0-20 g/L and 20-40%, respectively. Applying the optimal conditions of TS content (29.1%) and fly ash dosage (19.2 g/L) in the first stage led not only to a total H2 yield of 95 mL/gVSadded, which was very close to the maximum H2 yield predicted by the developed model (97 mL/gVSadded), but also to a high CH4 yield of 400 mL/gVSadded (76% of the theoretical CH4 yield). Moreover, the biohythane obtained from the optimized two-stage process met the standards of a biohythane fuel with an H2 content of 19% v/v.

Urban mining of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) residues with emphasis on bioleaching technologies: a critical review.

Metals are essential in our daily lives and have a finite supply, being simultaneously contaminants of concern. The current carbon emissions and environmental impact of mining are untenable. We need to reclaim metals sustainably from secondary resources, like waste. Biotechnology can be applied in metal recovery from waste streams like fly ashes and bottom ashes of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI). They represent substantial substance flows, with roughly 46 million tons of MSWI ashes produced annually globally, equivalent in elemental richness to low-grade ores for metal recovery. Next-generation methods for resource recovery, as in particular bioleaching, give the opportunity to recover critical materials and metals, appropriately purified for noble applications, in waste treatment chains inspired by circular economy thinking. In this critical review, we can identify three main lines of discussion: (1) MSWI material characterization and related environmental issues; (2) currently available processes for recycling and metal recovery; and (3) microbially assisted processes for potential recycling and metal recovery. Research trends are chiefly oriented to the potential exploitation of bioprocesses in the industry. Biotechnology for resource recovery shows increasing effectiveness especially downstream the production chains, i.e., in the waste management sector. Therefore, this critical discussion will help assessing the industrial potential of biotechnology for urban mining of municipal, post-combustion waste.

Clinical nursing care protocol for convalescent plasma transfusion in patients with COVID-19.

Introduction: The treatment of COVID-19 is still challenge. So convalescent plasma can be an important alternative of treatment. Protocols with nursing care during infusion is very important to guide an effective and safety care. Objective: to analyze the evidence in the literature on the action of convalescent plasma, of the use of protocols with nursing care to use convalescent plasma and build a nursing care protocol for transfusion in patients with COVID-19. Methods: Methodological study carried out in two stages: scoping review. The search was done using the descriptors: convalescent plasma transfusion, convalescent plasma, and acute respiratory syndromes or COVID-19, to found protocols and effectiveness of convalescent plasm. Beside was done a specialist panel to build the protocol. Results: Low-evidence studies have shown improvement in the clinical signs of COVID-19 using Convalescent Plasma, reduction or elimination of viral load, benefits in the production of lymphocytes, decreases C-reactive protein, increases titers of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, positive evolution in lung involvement identified by X-rays, decrease in hospitalization. No studies were found in the databases on the protocol for clinical nursing care in plasma transfusion. Therefore, a protocol was developed with the description of clinical nursing care to be performed before, during and after the transfusion by plasma: checking of vital signs and indicative signs of transfusion reaction, measurement of oxygen saturation, assessment of venous access and checking of the level of consciousness. Conclusion: There are no evidence studies to support the use of plasma, nor anything related to bundles.

Human variation in the protein receptor ACE2 affects its binding affinity to SARS-CoV-2 in a variant-dependent manner.

SARS-CoV-2 infection depend on the binding of the viral Spike glycoprotein (S) to the human receptor Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) to induce virus-cell membrane fusion. S protein evolved diverse amino acid changes that are possibly linked to more efficient binding to human ACE2, which might explain part of the increase in frequency of SARS-CoV-2 Variants Of Concern (VOCs). In this work, we investigated the role of ACE2 protein variations that are naturally found in human populations and its binding affinity with S protein from SARS-CoV-2 representative genotypes, based on a series of in silico approaches involving molecular modelling, docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Our results indicate that SARS-CoV-2 VOCs bind more efficiently to the human receptor ACE2 than the ancestral Wuhan genotype. Additionally, variations in the ACE2 protein can affect SARS-CoV-2 binding and protein-protein stability, mostly making the interaction weaker and unstable in some cases. We show that some VOCs, such as B.1.1.7 and P.1 are much less sensitive to ACE2 variants, while others like B.1.351 appear to be specifically optimized to bind to the widespread wild-type ACE2 protein.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

As percepções das perdas ocupacionais de mulheres cuidadoras dos parceiros tetraplégicos / Perceptions of occupational losses of women caring for partners with tetriplegic

A tetraplegia caracteriza-se por uma desordem na estrutura da medula espinhal na altura cervical e exige cuidados que vão de aspectos físicos a cuidados mentais e sociais. Estudos comprovam que cuidadores são, na maioria, familiares do sexo feminino. A mulher cuidadora de seu cônjuge passa a sofrer com sobrecargas e perda de atividades matrimoniais. Objetivo: Compreender a percepção das mulheres principais cuidadoras de seus parceiros, que possuem tetraplegia decorrente de uma lesão medular, sobre as perdas ocupacionais. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo exploratório qualitativo, realizado através de questionário sociodemográfico e entrevistas semi-estruturadas, com amostra por saturação dos dados Foram entrevistadas oito cuidadoras que aceitaram participar da pesquisa e assinaram o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE). As entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritas e os dados analisados utilizando-se a análise temática de Bardin. Resultados: As entrevistadas informaram possuir idade entre 28 e 55 anos, sendo a maioria de religião evangélica e baixa renda. Relataram sobrecarga devido à rotina de trabalho integral e desvalorização do seu serviço, apresentando prejuízo no papel de esposa e realização do autocuidado. Considerações finais: As cuidadoras entrevistadas perceberam perdas nos papeis de esposa e no autocuidado, apresentando uma rede de apoio insuficiente, demandando maior participação do sistema de saúde, necessitando de implementação de novas políticas públicas

Tetraplegia is characterized by a disorder in the structure of the spinal cord at the cervical level and requires care ranging from physical aspects to mental and social care. Studies show that caregivers are mostly female family members. The woman who cares for her spouse starts to suffer from overloads and loss of marital activities. Objective: To understand the perception of women who are the main caregivers of their partners who have tetraplegia due to a Spinal Cord Injury, about occupational losses. Methodology: Descriptive and qualitative exploratory study, carried out using a socio-demographic questionnaire and semi-structured interviews, with a sample based on data saturation. Eight caregivers who agreed to participate in the research and signed the Free and Informed Consent Term were interviewed. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and Bardin's thematic analysis was used for data analysis. Results: The interviewees were between 28 and 55 years old, most of whom were evangelical and had a low income. They reported overload due to the full-time work routine and devaluation of their service, showing impairment in the role of wife and self-care. Final considerations: The interviewed caregivers noticed losses in the roles of wife and in self-care, presenting an insufficient support network, demanding greater participation of the health system, requiring the implementation of new public policies

Impacto e sobrecarga familiar em cuidadores de crianças e adolescentes com deficiência intelectual / Family mpact and burden on caregivers of children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities

A Deficiência Intelectual (DI) se caracteriza por déficits funcionais, intelectuais, funções adaptativas, ou seja, os padrões de desenvolvimento e socioculturais relacionados à independência pessoal e responsabilidade social não são atingidos adequadamente. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto familiar e a sobrecarga em cuidadores familiares de crianças e adolescentes com DI. Métodos: Estudo transversal de caráter analítico. Os dados foram coletados na Clínica Intelectual, de um Centro de Reabilitação e Readaptação. Foram aplicadas a Escala de Impacto Familiar, Escala de Burden Interview e dois questionários, um sobre o perfil sociodemográfico de cuidadores familiares e outro de perfil demográfico e clínico de crianças e adolescentes com DI. Resultados: Foram entrevistados 50 participantes, a maioria do gênero feminino, com baixa renda mensal e que dedicam maior parte do tempo aos seus filhos. O estudo evidenciou que o diagnóstico da DI pode gerar impactos moderados e em partes, baixa sobrecarga, na vida destes cuidadores. A baixa escolaridade, baixa renda mensal e as rupturas de papéis ocupacionais influenciaram os resultados encontrados. Conclusões: O acesso aos estudos, mercado de trabalho e suporte financeiro, podem repercutir de forma positiva na vida dos cuidadores familiares, diminuindo o impacto e a sobrecarga que o diagnóstico da DI pode causar

Intellectual Disability (ID) is characterized by functional, intellectual and adaptive function deficits, that is, developmental and socioculturais standards related to personal independence and social responsibility are not adequately achieved. Objective: To assess the family impact and burden on family caregivers of children and adolescents with ID. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study. Data were collected at Clínica Intelectual, from a Rehabilitation and Readaptation Center. The Family Impact Scale, the Burden Interview Scale and two questionnaires were applied, one on the sociodemographic profile of family caregivers and the other on the demographic and clinical profile of children and adolescents with ID. Results: 50 participants were interviewed, mostly female, with low monthly income and who dedicate most of their time to their children. The study showed that the diagnosis of ID can generate moderate impacts and in parts, low burden, in the lives of these caregivers. Low schooling, low monthly income and ruptures in occupational roles influenced the results found. Conclusions: Access to studies, the job market and financial support can have a positive impact on the lives of family caregivers, reducing the impact and burden that the diagnosis of ID can cause

Experiência de pacientes com lesão medular em reabilitação: um estudo misto acerca dos cuidados de enfermagem / Experience of patients with spindle injury in rehabilitation: a mixed study about nursing care

: A obtenção da satisfação do paciente é uma das ferramentas de investigação de indicadores de qualidade, sendo fonte de informação relevantes para o desenvolvimento de melhorias na qualidade da assistência. Objetivo: O estudo teve por intuito compreender a visão e a satisfação de pacientes com lesão medular internados em um centro de referência em reabilitação, quanto aos cuidados de enfermagem, de forma a evidenciar o papel do profissional enfermeiro na adesão durante o processo de reabilitação e readaptação. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo de caráter misto com abordagem exploratória observacional, realizada em um centro de reabilitação, com 22 participantes, sendo que 21 destes corresponderam à pesquisa qualitativa. Para a coleta de dados, foram aplicados o Instrumento de Satisfação do Paciente (ISP) e um questionário com 4 questões norteadoras. Resultados: A satisfação dos participantes em relação aos cuidados de enfermagem foi positiva nos três domínios, sendo o domínio educacional o mais bem avaliado (4,39), seguido da área técnica profissional (4,06) e por último confiança (4,04). Os resultados qualitativos foram divididos em duas categorias "Relação enfermeiro-paciente" e "A percepção do cuidado". Conclusão:Tornou-se claro o papel do enfermeiro na adesão à reabilitação, sendo possível constatar a relação da satisfação com os aspectos de humanização em saúde

Obtaining patient satisfaction is one of the research tools for quality indicators, being a source of relevant information for the development of improvements in the quality of care. Objective: The study aimed to understand the vision and satisfaction of patients with spinal cord injury hospitalized in a Rehabilitation Reference Center, regarding nursing care, in order to highlight the role of nurses in adherence during the rehabilitation and readaptation process. Methodology: This is a mixed field research with an exploratory observational approach, carried out in a Rehabilitation Center, with 22 participants, 21 of which corresponded to qualitative research. For data collection, the Patient Satisfaction Instrument (PSI) and a questionnaire with 4 guiding questions were applied. Results: The classification of participants in relation to nursing care was positive in the three domains, with the educational domain being the best evaluated (4.39), followed by the technical-professional area (4.06) and finally trust (4.04). Qualitative results were divided into two categories "Nurse-patient relationship" and "Perception of care". Conclusion: In addition, the role of nurses in adherence to rehabilitation became clear, and it was possible to verify the relationship between satisfaction and aspects of humanization in health

Fatores que implicam na sexualidade dos pacientes com lesão medular / Factors that imply on the sexuality of patients with spindle injury

A Lesão Medular acomete as funções sexuais devido à interrupção dos estímulos neurais, determinando as disfunções sexuais que dependem do nível, tipo da lesão, fatores físicos, psíquicos e sociais. Surge, assim, o processo de reabilitação sexual no sentido de promover a reinserção desses indivíduos. Objetivo: Identificar as alterações fisiológicas, fatores psicológicos e sociais intrínsecos, dentro do contexto da sexualidade em indivíduos com Lesão Medular. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo, de abordagem quantitativa, nos quais foram incluídos 50 participantes com Lesão Medular em um Centro de Reabilitação. O instrumento de coleta utilizado foi o Questionário de Sexualidade Humana na Lesão Medular, abordando aspectos da sexualidade nos períodos antes e após a lesão. Resultados: A sexualidade foi afetada negativamente, sendo que a vida sexual ativa, após a lesão, teve em média de frequência 2,02 (±1,80), vontade 7,15 (±2,66) e satisfação sexual 4,80 (±3,08), mostrando que esta reduziu significativamente. Quanto às respostas sexuais, a ejaculação é a mais afetada: média 0,61 (±2,08), seguida da ereção 3,02 (±3,20), orgasmo masculino 2,95 (±3,49) e orgasmo feminino 0,22 (±0,67). Além disso, foi possível constatar uma lacuna existente na abordagem da temática pelos profissionais de saúde, onde apenas 21(42%) dos indivíduos receberam algum tipo de aconselhamento sexual após a lesão. Conclusão: Tornaram-se claros os impactos negativos das alterações enfrentadas após a Lesão Medular quanto aos ajustes físicos, psicológicos e sociais ressaltando a necessidade de capacitação dos profissionais para que estejam aptos a realizarem a reabilitação sexual desses indivíduos

Spinal cord injury affects sexual functions due to interruption of neural stimuli, determining sexual dysfunctions that will depend on the level, type of injury, physical, psychological and social factors. Thus arises the process of sexual rehabilitation, in the sense of promoting the reintegration of these individuals. Objective: Identify the physiological alterations, intrinsic psychological and social factors, within the context of sexuality in individuals with Spinal Cord Injury. Methods: This is an exploratory, descriptive study with a quantitative approach, in which 50 participants with Spinal Cord Injury in a Rehabilitation Center were included. The collection instrument used was the Questionnaire of Human Sexuality in Spinal Cord Injury, addressing aspects of sexuality in the periods before and after the injury. Results: Sexuality was negatively affected, in which active sex life after the injury had an average frequency of 2.02 (±1.80), desire 7.15 (±2.66) and sexual satisfaction 4.80 (±3 .08), showing that it reduced significantly. As for sexual responses, ejaculation is the most affected, mean 0.61 (±2.08), followed by erection 3.02 (±3.20), male orgasm 2.95 (±3.49) and female orgasm 0.22 (±0.67). In addition, it was possible to verify an existing gap in the approach of the theme by health professionals, where only 21 (42%) of the individuals received some type of sexual counseling after the injury. Conclusion: It became clear the negative impacts of the alterations faced after the Spinal Cord Injury regarding the physical, psychological and social adjustments, emphasizing the need for professional training so that they are able to carry out the sexual rehabilitation of these individuals

Motivos de retirada e principais complicações em cateteres venosos periféricos: estudo descritivo / Characterization of peripheral venous catheter use in a unit specialized in adolescent health / Caracterización del uso de catéter venoso periférico en una unidad especializada en salud adolescen-te

Objetivo: avaliar a cateterização venosa periférica em uma unidade especializada em saúde do adolescente e identificar a correlação dos motivos de retiradas com número de tentativas de punção e calibre do cateter sobre agulha. Método: estudo descritivo, de abordagem quantitativa. Resultados: Ocorreram 67 punções venosas, predominando o gauge 22 (76,1%). Nos motivos de retirada destacam-se a forma eletiva em 44,8%, seguido de remoção acidental em 31,3%. Quanto às complicações ocorridas 43,7% foram por obstrução do cateter. Quanto maior ao número de tentativas e maior chance de flebite, observou-se correlação moderada positiva (0,494) com p<0,001, e com relação ao maior calibre e maior chance de flebite, identificou-se correlação forte positiva (0,575) com p<0,001. Conclusão: reforça-se a necessidade da implementação das boas práticas relacionadas à manutenção desses dispositivos, capacitação da equipe e criação de protocolos e bundles voltados para a prática clínica. (AU).

Objective: evaluate peripheral venous catheterization in a specialized adolescent health unit and and identify the correlation of reasons for withdrawals with the number of puncture attempts and caliber of the catheter over the needle. Method: descriptive study with a quantitative approach. Results: 13 (56,5%) were male, aged between 15 and 17 years (82,6%). Regarding medical diagnosis by systems, rheumatology stands out in 11 adolescents (47,8%). There were 67 venous punctures, with the 22 gauge predominating (76.1%). In terms of withdrawal, the elective form stands out in 44,8%, followed by accidental removal in 31,3%. Regarding complications, 43,7% were due to catheter obstruction. Also, the greater the number of attempts, the greater the chance of phlebitis, moderate positive correlation (0.494) with p <0.001 and the larger the caliber, the greater the chance of phlebitis, strong positive correlation (0.575) with p <0.001. Conclusion: the need to implement good practices related to the maintenance of these devices, staff training and the creation of protocols and bundles aimed at clinical practice is reinforced. (AU).

Objetivo: evaluar el cateterismo venoso periférico en una unidad especializada de salud del adolescente y identificar la correlación de los motivos de los retiros con el número de intentos de punción y el calibre del catéter sobre la aguja. Método: estudio descriptivo con abordaje cuantitativo. Resultados: 13 (56,5%) eran hombres, con edades comprendidas entre 15 y 17 años (82,6%). En cuanto al diagnóstico médico por sistemas, destacala reumatología en 11 adolescentes (47,8%). Se realizaron 67 punciones venosas, predominando el calibre 22 (76,1%). En cuanto a la baja, destaca la forma electiva en un 44,8%, seguida de la baja accidental en un 31,3%. En cuanto a las complicaciones, el 43,7% se debió a la obstrucción del catéter. Asimismo, a mayor número de intentos, mayor probabilidad de flebitis, correlación positiva moderada (0,494) con p <0,001 y a mayor calibre, mayor probabilidad de flebitis, fuerte correlación positiva (0,575) con p <0,001. Conclusión: se refuerza la necesidad de implementar buenas prácticas relacionadas con el mantenimiento de estos dispositivos, la formación del personal y la creación de protocolos y paquetes dirigidos a la práctica clínica. (AU).

Ações educativas na melhoria da comunicação entre profissionais de saúde: revisão integrativa / Educational actions to improve communication among health professionals: integrative review / Acciones educativas para mejorar la comunicación entre los profesionales de la salud: revisión inte-gradora

Objetivo: Mapear as ações educativas para a melhoria na comunicação entre profissionais de saúde. Método: Revisão integrativa entre junho e agosto de 2021. Incluídos artigos com texto completo, publicados entre 2016 e 2021, em português, inglês e espanhol. Excluídos resumos, editoriais, dissertações, teses e artigos que não incluíram a temática selecionada. Utilizou-se as bases de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online, através dos descritores "Sistemas de comunicação no hospital", "Educação", "Pessoal de saúde". associados através dos operadores booleanos "AND" ou "OR". Os artigos foram organizados e analisados por similaridade de conteúdo. Resultados: Foram analisados 2 artigos e identificou-se duas categorias: "Simulação e desenvolvimento de habilidade de comunicação interdisciplinar" e "Desenvolvimento de programa eletrônico envolvendo a comunicação entre profissionais de saúde". Conclusão: Observou-se escassez de pesquisas relacionadas à temática. Sugere-se que novas investigações sejam realizadas no que diz respeito à comunicação entre profissionais (AU).

Objective: To map educational actions to improve communication between health professionals. Method: Integrative review between June and August 2021. Included full-text articles, published between 2016 and 2021, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. Abstracts, editorials, dissertations, theses and articles that did not include the selected theme were excluded. The following databases were used: Virtual Health Library, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online, through the descriptors "Communication systems in the hospital", "Education", "Health personnel". associated through boolean operators "AND" or "OR". The articles were organized and analyzed by content similarity. Results: Two articles were analyzed and two categories were identified: "Simulation and development of interdisciplinary communication skills" and "Development of an electronic program involving communication between health professionals". Conclusion: There was a scarcity of research related to the theme. It is suggested that further investigations be carried out with regard to communication between professionals (AU).

Objetivo: Mapear acciones educativas para mejorar la comunicación entre los profesionales de la salud. Método: Revisión integradora entre junio y agosto de 2021. Incluye artículos de texto completo, publicados entre 2016 y 2021, en portugués, inglés y español. Se excluyeron resúmenes, editoriales, disertaciones, tesis y artículos que no incluyeran el tema seleccionado. Se utilizaron las siguientes bases de datos: Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud, PubMed, Biblioteca Científica Electrónica en Línea, a través de los descriptores "Sistemas de comunicación en el hospital", "Educación", "Personal de salud". asociados a través de operadores booleanos "AND" o "OR". Los artículos fueron organizados y analizados por similitud de contenido. Resultados: Se analizaron dos artículos y se identificaron dos categorías: "Simulación y desarrollo de habilidades de comunicación interdisciplinarias" y "Desarrollo de un programa electrónico que involucra la comunicación entre profesionales de la salud". Conclusión: Hubo escasez de investigaciones relacionadas con el tema. Se sugiere que se lleven a cabo más investigaciones con respecto a la comunicación entre profesionales (AU).

Natural Materials Modified and Applied to the Detection of Drugs In Situ: Modification of Eggshell and Quantification of Oxytetracycline.

This work describes a novel sensing system using eggshells as substrate for the first time, targeting the detection and semiquantitative determination of antibiotics in waters from aquaculture, enabling simple, inexpensive, and in situ drug monitoring. Eggshell was ground and the resulting powder was modified by adsorption of suitable reagents, and it takes a typical colour after contact with the antibiotic. The colour intensity is correlated with the concentration of the antibiotic. This novel approach was applied to oxytetracycline, one of the antibiotics commonly used in aquaculture. The chemical changes on the eggshell powder were evaluated and optimised to produce an intense colour change as a function of the concentration of the antibiotic. The colour changes were evaluated by visual comparison with images taken with a digital camera, applying an appropriate mathematical treatment to the colour coordinates of the HSL system used by Windows. The selectivity of the response was tested against other antibiotic drugs. The materials were also used in the analysis of a spiked environmental water sample. Overall, this work presents a rapid, inexpensive, simple and equipment-free method for screening and discrimination of tetracycline drugs in aquaculture. The method is a green approach by reusing eggshells and decreasing the level of contamination correlated to analytical methods, thus being a promising tool for local, rapid, and cost-effective antibiotic monitoring.

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Patients at a Psychosocial Care Center: A Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with greater risk of morbimortality and it has high prevalence in people with mental illness. OBJECTIVE: Estimate the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MS) and its associated factors in the patients of a Psychosocial Care Center (CAPS in Brazilian Portuguese) in the city of Salvador, state of Bahia, Brazil. METHOD: Cross-sectional study set at CAPS in the city of Salvador-Bahia between August 2019 and February 2020. MS was evaluated according to the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III. In addition to descriptive statistics, gross and adjusted prevalence ratios were described. RESULTS: MS was found in 100 (35.2%) individuals, 116 (40.9%) were obese and 165 (58.1%) had increased waist circumference. Polypharmacy was identified in 63 (22.3%) patients and 243 (85.9%) used antipsychotics. Under gross evaluation, women (PR = 1.88; 95%CI: 1.35-2.63) and those who used antidepressants (PR = 1.41; 95%CI: 1.05-1.88) showed an association with MS. After logistic regression, depression (PR = 1.86; 95%CI: 1.38-2.51), acanthosis (PR = 1.50; 95%CI: 1.18-1.90), use of antipsychotics (PR = 1.88; 95%CI: 1.13-2.75), and hypertriglyceridemic waist (PR = 3.33; 95%CI: 2.48-4.46) were associated with MS. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of MS signals multimorbidity among individuals with mental disorders and suggests a need for clinical screening.

Convites, incentivos e direitos de homens em participar do pré-natal e parto / Invitations, incentives and men's rights to participate in prenatal care and childbirth / Invitaciones, incentivos y derechos de los hombres a participar en la atención prenatal y del parto

Objetivo:quantificar os homens que foram convidados, incentivados e sabem sobre o direito em participar do pré-natal e parto.Método:trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo e com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 67 homens que já vivenciaram a paternidade. A coleta de dados ocorreu em julho de 2019, em um município no interior de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Utilizou-seum questionário semiestruturado. Para análise, aplicou-se estatística descritiva. Resultados: observou-se desconhecimento dos participantes sobre o pré-natal (84%). A maioria relatou que nunca foram convidados (80%) ou incentivados (72%) a participarem do pré-natal no processo gestacional e desconhecem seu direito de participar do parto (88%). Conclusão: o quantitativo de homens que são convidados, incentivados e sabem sobre o direito em participar do pré-natal e parto é insuficiente para a efetivação do pré-natal masculino, logo, tornando essa realidade distante de melhores perspectivas de paternidade.

Objective:to quantify the men who were invited, encouraged and knew about their right to participate in prenatal care and childbirth. Method:this is a cross-sectional, descriptive study with a quantitative approach, carried out with 67 men who have already experienced fatherhood. Data collection took place in July 2019, in a municipality in the interior of Mato Grosso, Brazil. A semi-structured questionnaire was used. For analysis, descriptive statistics were applied. Results:there was a lack of knowledge of the participants about prenatal care (84%). Most reported that they were never invited (80%) or encouraged (72%) to participatein prenatal care in the gestational process and were unaware of their right to participate in childbirth (88%). Conclusion:the number of men who are invited, encouraged and know about the right to participate in prenatal care and childbirth is insufficient for the realization of male prenatal care, therefore, making this reality far from better prospects for fatherhood

Objetivo:cuantificar los hombres que fueron invitados, estimulados yconocieron su derecho a participar en el prenatal y el parto. Método:se trata de un estudio transversal, descriptivo, con abordaje cuantitativo, realizado con 67 hombres que ya han vivido la paternidad. La recolección de datos ocurrió en julio de 2019, en un municipio del interior de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Se utilizó un cuestionario semiestructurado. Para el análisis se aplicó estadística descriptiva. Resultados:hubo desconocimiento de las participantes sobre el control prenatal (84%). La mayoría informó que nunca fueron invitadas (80%) o animadas (72%) a participar en la atención prenatal en el proceso gestacional y desconocían su derecho a participar en el parto (88%). Conclusión:el número de hombres que son invitados, estimulados y conocen sobre el derecho a participar en el prenatal y el parto es insuficiente para la realización del prenatal masculino, por lo tanto, alejando esta realidad de mejores perspectivas de paternidad.

Assessing the Implementation of Digital Innovations in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic to Address Key Public Health Functions: Scoping Review of Academic and Nonacademic Literature.

BACKGROUND: Digital technologies have been central to efforts to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. In this context, a range of literature has reported on developments regarding the implementation of new digital technologies for COVID-19-related surveillance, prevention, and control. OBJECTIVE: In this study, scoping reviews of academic and nonacademic literature were undertaken to obtain an overview of the evidence regarding digital innovations implemented to address key public health functions in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to expand on the work of existing reviews by drawing on additional data sources (including nonacademic sources) by considering literature published over a longer time frame and analyzing data in terms of the number of unique digital innovations. METHODS: We conducted a scoping review of the academic literature published between January 1, 2020, and September 15, 2020, supplemented by a further scoping review of selected nonacademic literature published between January 1, 2020, and October 13, 2020. Both reviews followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) approach. RESULTS: A total of 226 academic articles and 406 nonacademic articles were included. The included articles provided evidence of 561 (academic literature) and 497 (nonacademic literature) unique digital innovations. The most common implementation settings for digital innovations were the United States, China, India, and the United Kingdom. Technologies most commonly used by digital innovations were those belonging to the high-level technology group of integrated and ubiquitous fixed and mobile networks. The key public health functions most commonly addressed by digital innovations were communication and collaboration and surveillance and monitoring. CONCLUSIONS: Digital innovations implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic have been wide ranging in terms of their implementation settings, the digital technologies used, and the public health functions addressed. However, evidence gathered through this study also points to a range of barriers that have affected the successful implementation of digital technologies for public health functions. It is also evident that many digital innovations implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic are yet to be formally evaluated or assessed.

Occurrence and molecular characterization of human pegivirus-1 (HPgV-1) viremia in healthy volunteer blood donors from Northern Portugal.

Human pegivirus-1 (HPgV-1) is a member of the Flaviviridae family and the Pegivirus genus. Despite having been discovered 25 years ago, there is still much to know regarding HPgV-1 clinical impact, as this virus is currently not associated with any pathology. Yet, HPgV-1 prevalence and molecular characterization are still unknown in many countries, including Portugal. To fill in this knowledge gap, this study aimed to determine the occurrence and molecular characterization of HPgV-1 in a group of healthy blood donors from the north of Portugal. Blood samples from 465 Portuguese blood donors were collected from a major Hospital Center in the north of Portugal. RNA was extracted and an initial nested RT-PCR was performed targeting the conserved 5'-untranslated region  region of the HPgV-1 genome. A second nested RT-PCR targeting the E2 region was performed for genotyping. Only one sample tested positive for HPgV-1 RNA, resulting in a prevalence of approximately 0.22%. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed the characterization as genotype 2, the most prevalent in Europe.