Internal load in male professional volleyball: a systematic review.

INTRODUCTION: The aims of this systematic review were to synthesize the volleyball internal load values presents in the literature, verify the applicability of the different tools for quantification and monitoring these variables, and analyze the similarity with the matches and training loads. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: This review followed the PRISMA statement recommendations, and the search was carried out in the databases: PubMed/NCBI, SportDiscus via EBSCOhost, SciELO and in the Brazilian Library of Theses. Twenty-six studies meet the criteria and were included. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: The most used and indicate tools for quantification, monitoring and evaluation of volleyball internal load are the rating of perceived exertion (RPE), session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) and other metrics derived from these data. Volleyball training sessions range from 4 to 7 in Brog Scale and sessions with more jumps present a higher load. The sRPE values found ranged from 51.92 (AU) to 627 (AU) and presents an undulating kinetic intra and inter weeks. Higher total week training load values are observed in the preparatory period than in competitive periods and wellbeing and recovery questionnaires are sensible to increased loads. CONCLUSIONS: In professional male volleyball, training load seem to be planned with variation according to the period of the season and days of week. The intraweek variation in load dynamics is necessary to allow the correct athlete's recovery and adaptation to volleyball efforts and the interweek load increase can be monitored by the ACWR.

Biofeedback baropodometry training evaluation: a study with children with equinus foot deformity.

The lack of perception in the hindfoot increases the plantar flexion, causing irregular posture due to the foot position, a disability known as equinus foot deformity. A portable device, named baropodometer, that measures the pressure at the forefoot and hindfoot regions was built to help this population in terms of balance and posture correction. Ten hemiparetic teenager volunteers with equinus foot participated in the experiments. The results demonstrated that the proposed device increased the weight-bearing in upright stance in the paretic side, decreasing the weight in the non-paretic side. After 10 experimental sessions, performed along 6 months, the distribution of the pressure in the lower limbs was very similar. The baropodometer facilitates the rehabilitation, by biofeedbacking the pressure of the calcaneus, using the volunteer's audiovisual system. The rehabilitation using the proposed device was able to recover the balance by posture correction, facilitating future gait training of these volunteers.