Investigating the Relationship between Bleeding, Clotting, and Coagulopathy During Automated Partial REBOA Strategies in a Highly Lethal Porcine Hemorrhage Model.

BACKGROUND: Death due to hemorrhagic shock, particularly, non-compressible truncal hemorrhage (NCTH), remains one of the leading causes of potentially preventable deaths. Automated partial and intermittent resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (i.e., pREBOA and iREBOA, respectively) are lifesaving endovascular strategies aimed to achieve quick hemostatic control while mitigating distal ischemia. In iREBOA, the balloon is titrated from full occlusion to no occlusion intermittently whereas in pREBOA, a partial occlusion is maintained. Therefore, these two interventions impose different hemodynamic conditions, which may impact coagulation and the endothelial glycocalyx layer (EGL). In this study, we aimed to characterize the clotting kinetics and coagulopathy associated with iREBOA and pREBOA, using thromboelastography (TEG). We hypothesized that iREBOA would be associated with a more hypercoagulopathic response compared to pREBOA due to more oscillatory flow. METHODS: Yorkshire swine (n = 8/group) were subjected to an uncontrolled hemorrhage by liver transection, followed by 90 minutes of automated partial REBOA (pREBOA), intermittent REBOA (iREBOA), or no balloon support (Control). Hemodynamic parameters were continuously recorded, and blood samples were serially collected during the experiment (i.e., 8 key time points: baseline (BL), T0, T10, T30, T60, T90, T120, T210 minutes). Citrated kaolin heparinase (CKH) assays were run on a TEG 5000 (Haemonetics, Niles, IL). General linear mixed models were employed to compare differences in TEG parameters between groups and over time using STATA (v17; College Station, TX), while adjusting for sex and weight. RESULTS: As expected, iREBOA was associated with more oscillations in proximal pressure (and greater magnitudes of peak pressure) because of the intermittent periods of full aortic occlusion and complete balloon deflation, compared to pREBOA. Despite these differences in acute hemodynamics, there were no significant differences in any of the TEG parameters between iREBOA and pREBOA groups. However, animals in both groups experienced a significant reduction in clotting times (R-time: p < 0.001; K-time: p < 0.001) and clot strength (MA: p = 0.01; G: p = 0.02) over the duration of the experiment. CONCLUSIONS: Despite observing acute differences in peak proximal pressures between iREBOA and pREBOA groups, we did not observe any significant differences in TEG parameters between iREBOA and pREBOA. The changes in TEG profiles were significant over time, indicating that a severe hemorrhage followed by both pREBOA and iREBOA can result in faster clotting reaction times (i.e., R-times). Nevertheless, when considering the significant reduction in transfusion requirements and more stable hemodynamic response in the pREBOA group, there may be some evidence favoring pREBOA usage over iREBOA.

Factors associated with prevalence and intensity of the northern fowl mite (Ornithonyssus sylviarum) in commercial poultry farms of Argentina.

The haematophagous mite Ornithonyssus sylviarum may cause important economic losses in commercial poultry farms whilst also potentially affecting the health of farm workers. The dynamics of this ectoparasite has been linked to several factors, including wild birds, fomites, farm workers, management of hen houses, and host traits. Along two consecutive years, we carried out systematic sampling at three laying hen farms located in Santa Fe province, Argentina, with the aim of identifying factors that may influence O. sylviarum prevalence and intensity. We found that the density of feathers around the hen vent area and the presence of Menoponidae lice were negatively associated with mite abundance. We also found that the density of hens in the cages was negatively associated with mite prevalence, suggesting a possible dilution effect, whereas prior reports found a positive association with hen density. In addition, summer was the season with minimum mite prevalences and intensities, contrary to previous studies in northern farms where warm weather appeared to prompt an increase in mite populations. Another factor associated with mite intensity was age, but this effect varied depending on the season, which hints that the association between hen's age and mites is complex. Basic epidemiological knowledge on O. sylviarum in poultry farms from South America may aid in a more efficient and integrative approach to its control.

In silico analysis for transcription factors with Zn(II)(2)C(6) binuclear cluster DNA-binding domains in Candida albicans.

A total of 6047 open reading frames in the Candida albicans genome were screened for Zn(II)(2)C(6)-type zinc cluster proteins (or binuclear cluster proteins) involved in DNA recognition. These fungal proteins are transcription regulators of genes involved in a wide range of cellular processes, including metabolism of different compounds such as sugars or amino acids, as well as multi-drug resistance, control of meiosis, cell wall architecture, etc. The selection criteria used in the sequence analysis were the presence of the CysX(2)CysX(6)CysX(5-16)CysX(2)CysX(6-8)Cys motif and a putative nuclear localization signal. Using this approach, 70 putative Zn(II)(2)C(6) transcription factors have been found in the genome of C. albicans.

El peso de los atributos del producto sobre evaluaciones de semejanza y preferencia / The product attributes relevance regarding the similarity and preference assessments

Este estudio evaluó el efecto de los diferentes atributos del producto sobre los juicios de similitud y preferencia en tres tipos de artículos. Se utilizó un diseño intrasujeto con tres condiciones de producto y en cada una de ellas se midieron los juicios de similitud y preferencia en una escala de orden. Para derivar cada perfil del producto y se extrajeron atributos físicos, beneficios de uso de imagen y se combinaron factorialmente hasta conformar 24 perfiles por categoría. A través de un análisis conjunto y de una MNOVA para medidas repetidas se encontró que contrario a la hipótesis del trabajo, los atributos físico se relacionaron más con la preferencia en dos categorías del producto, los beneficios de uso con las tareas de similitud en una categoría y la imagen del artículo sirvió para establecer semejanza en una clase, Los resultados pueden explicarse por la inclusión de una fase exploratoria, el número de perfiles y la dificultad de la tarea.

This Study aimed to evaluate the effect of different product attributes on similarity and preference judgments with three types of articles. The design consisted in an intrasubject one with three productions where judgments where measured in each one according to an order scale. To derive each product profile there were obtained physical attributes, and use and image benefits, which were factorials combined to construct 24 profiles per category. Through a conjoint analysis and MAVONA for repeated measures it was found, contrary to the hypothesis, that physical attributes were more related to the preference in two product categories, the use benefit were related to similarity tasks in one category and that the image of the article served to establish similarity in one class. This result can be explained by inclusion of an exploratory phase, by the number of profiles and by task difficulty.