La resignificación participativa de la fundamentación pedagógica como escenario vital para la construcción del Proyecto Educativo Institucional / Participatory Reunification of Pedagogical Foundation as a Vital Scenario for the Construction of the Institutional Educational Project (PEI)

Resumen La Escuela Normal Superior Pbro. José Gómez Isaza (Antioquia - Colombia) realizó una investigación acción participativa propendiendo por resignificar de la fundamentación pedagógica de su Proyecto Educativo Institucional (PEI). Situación suscitada por la necesidad de formar otro tipo de maestros, con un perfil acorde a las demandas del contexto y las diversas poblaciones con las que se desenvuelven. Después de haber desplegado una ruta metodológica pensada por los actores/investigadores, fue necesaria una nueva fundamentación pedagógica, subyaciendo así una propuesta pedagógica crítico-dialógica que repensó desde categorías potencializadoras elementos básicos del currículo: formación, didáctica, investigación, relaciones pedagógicas y evaluación. Con esta propuesta se entretejió sistémicamente un nuevo PEI.

Abstract Priest José Gómez Isaza Normal High School, Antioquia, Colombia led a participatory action research striving for the redefinition of the pedagogical foundation of its Institutional Educational Project (PEI). This situation sprang from the need to form other types of teachers, according to a profile based on the demands of the context and the various populations with which they develop. After having deployed a methodological route which was designed by the actors/researchers, a new pedagogical foundation was necessary. Thus, underpinning a critical-dialogical pedagogical proposal, which reconsidered from potentializing categories, basic elements of the curriculum: training, didactics, research, pedagogical relations, and evaluation. With this proposal, a new PEI was systematically interwoven.

Remote Data Collection During a Pandemic: A New Approach for Assessing and Coding Multisensory Attention Skills in Infants and Young Children.

In early 2020, in-person data collection dramatically slowed or was completely halted across the world as many labs were forced to close due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Developmental researchers who assess looking time (especially those who rely heavily on in-lab eye-tracking or live coding techniques) were forced to re-think their methods of data collection. While a variety of remote or online platforms are available for gathering behavioral data outside of the typical lab setting, few are specifically designed for collecting and processing looking time data in infants and young children. To address these challenges, our lab developed several novel approaches for continuing data collection and coding for a remotely administered audiovisual looking time protocol. First, we detail a comprehensive approach for successfully administering the Multisensory Attention Assessment Protocol (MAAP), developed by our lab to assess multisensory attention skills (MASks; duration of looking, speed of shifting/disengaging, accuracy of audiovisual matching). The MAAP is administered from a distance (remotely) by using Zoom, Gorilla Experiment Builder, an internet connection, and a home computer. This new data collection approach has the advantage that participants can be tested in their homes. We discuss challenges and successes in implementing our approach for remote testing and data collection during an ongoing longitudinal project. Second, we detail an approach for estimating gaze direction and duration collected remotely from webcam recordings using a post processing toolkit (OpenFace) and demonstrate its effectiveness and precision. However, because OpenFace derives gaze estimates without translating them to an external frame of reference (i.e., the participant's screen), we developed a machine learning (ML) approach to overcome this limitation. Thus, third, we trained a ML algorithm [(artificial neural network (ANN)] to classify gaze estimates from OpenFace with respect to areas of interest (AOI) on the participant's screen (i.e., left, right, and center). We then demonstrate reliability between this approach and traditional coding approaches (e.g., coding gaze live). The combination of OpenFace and ML will provide a method to automate the coding of looking time for data collected remotely. Finally, we outline a series of best practices for developmental researchers conducting remote data collection for looking time studies.

Anthracene removal from water samples using a composite based on metal-organic-frameworks (MIL-101) and magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4).

Polycyclic hydrocarbons constitute an important source of very dangerous pollutants. Different materials have been used as adsorbent for their removal, but they present difficulties in the separation process. The use of a material based on metal-organic framework (MOF) with large pores and high surface area and magnetic nanoparticles with superparamagnetic properties is an interesting strategy. In this work a magnetic composite based on MOF (MIL-101) and Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4/MIL-101) was obtained by a simple synthesis method and used as adsorbent for the removal of anthracene. The composite was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, x-ray powder diffraction and vibrating sample magnetometer. The results showed that kinetic data followed a first-order model and equilibrium data were well fitted by the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity was 12.7 mg g-1 at pH 6 in 60 min of exposure. The composite was applied for the adsorption of anthracene in water samples reaching more than 95% of anthracene removal in 1 h of contact. The composite material was effectively separated using an external magnet, and no further centrifugation or filtration processes were needed. This composite is a great alternative to remove polycyclic hydrocarbons from water samples and has potential to extend to the removal of other contaminants.

Antifungal coatings based on Ca(OH)2 mixed with ZnO/TiO2 nanomaterials for protection of limestone monuments.

The presence and deteriorating action of microbial biofilms on historic stone buildings have received considerable attention in the past few years. Among microorganisms, fungi are one of the most damaging groups. In the present work, antimicrobial surfaces were prepared using suspensions of Ca(OH)2 particles, mixed with ZnO or TiO2 nanoparticles. The antimicrobial surfaces were evaluated for their antifungal activity both in the dark and under simulated natural photoperiod cycles, using Penicillium oxalicum and Aspergillus niger as model organisms, and two limestone lithotypes commonly used in construction and as materials for the restoration of historic buildings. Both Ca(OH)2-ZnO and Ca(OH)2-TiO2 materials displayed antifungal activity: ZnO-based systems had the best antifungal properties, being effective both in the dark and under illumination. In contrast, TiO2-based coatings showed antifungal activity only under photoperiod conditions. Controls with coatings consisting of only Ca(OH)2 were readily colonized by both fungi. The antifungal activity was monitored by direct observation with microscope, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and was found to be different for the two lithotypes, suggesting that the mineral grain distribution and porosity played a role in the activity. XRD was used to investigate the formation of biominerals as indicator of the fungal attack of the limestone materials, while SEM illustrated the influence of porosity of both the limestone material and the coatings on the fungal penetration into the limestone. The coated nanosystems based on Ca(OH)2-50%ZnO and pure zincite nanoparticulate films have promising performance on low porosity limestone, showing good antifungal properties against P. oxalicum and A. niger under simulated photoperiod conditions.

Estandarización de un protocolo para irradiar cultivos celulares con laser de baja intensidad / Standardization of a protocol to irradiate cell cultures with low level laser

Introduction: It is impossible to apply orthodontic therapeutic laser during the orthodontic treatment and to select different times of exposure, frequency or intensity for every single cell. The whole area gets irradiated in seconds according to the laser type . This could have a proliferation effect in some cells and a harmful effect in others cells. So, it ́s very important to asses the effects of a laser application on the cells involved in dental movement, to verify the effect and reaction after laser therapy. Objective: To create and standarized a clinical protocol to irradiate culture cells involved in dental movement (Human fibroblasts, osteoblasts and pre-osteoclasts in order to understand the basics of it ́s clinical effect. Materials and methods: Gingival and periodontal fibroblasts, normal human osteoblasts (NHOst) and human osteoclast progenitor cells in culture were irradiated using a low energy level laser (As-Ga-Al), operated at 36.73mW, 832.79nm nm wavelength 3.75 J/cm2 and 32.40 seconds per well. Conclusions: The cytotoxicity tests showed that irradiation is safe protocol for the four groups of cell cultures...(AU)

Introducción: No es posible aplicar láser terapéutico durante los tratamientos de Ortodoncia y seleccionar diferentes tiempos, frecuencia o intensidad para cada célula. Se irradia toda el área de interés con las mismas características en segundos, julios y vatios. Esto podría tener un potencial proliferativo en algunas células y nocivo en otras. Es importante entonces, evaluar los efectos de una misma dosis de irradiación en todas células que participan durante el movimiento dental para conocer su reacción individual ante el láser terapéutico de uso clínico. Objetivo: Estandarizar un protocolo para irradiar cultivos celulares de las células implicadas en el movimiento dental inducido (Fibroblastos, Osteoblastos y Pre-Osteoclastos humanos) para entender la fundamentación básica de su efecto clínico. Materiales y métodos: Con un laser de AsGa-Al se irradiaron Fibroblastos gingivales y periodontales, Osteoblastos humanos normales (NHOst) y células progenitoras de osteoclastos humanos. Se empleó una longitud de Onda de 832.79nm, 36.73mW de potencia, 3.75 J/cm2 y 32,40 segundos por pozo.Conclusiones: Las pruebas de citotoxicidad demostraron que este protocolo de irradiación es seguro para los cuatro grupos de cultivos celulares...(AU)

La profesión odontológica ante la presencia de la infección VIH/SIDA: el caso de Costa Rica: informe de investigación / The Dentistry Profession approach to the presence of the HIV/AIDS infection: the case of Costa Rica: research Report

Identifica algunos de los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de los las odontólogos/as en relación a la epidemiología de la infección por el VIH y SIDA, normas de bioseguridad, prevención y conocimiento de las manifestaciones orales asociadas a esta enfermedad. La población estudiada fue de 182 profesionales de San José, Costa Rica, seleccionados mediante un muestreo estratificado por sexo y que laboran en práctica privada o mixta. Se muestra que en el periodo 1982-1985, 83 de los entrevistados (45.5) se enteraron de la existencia del VIH/SIDA; mientras que 76 (41.6) dicen haberse enterado en el periodo de 1986 a 1990. Las instancias de información a través de las cuales conocieron acacerca de la existencia deal VIH/SIDA fueron los medios de comunicación colectiva, seguido de las revistas de especialización, la Universidad y el lugar de trabajo. De los entrevistados el 78 no conocían la definición correcta del VIH/SIDA y el 88.5 desconocían la clasificación de las manifestaciones orales asociadas a la enfermedad, no obstante las limitaciones se observó en el grupo de profesionales estudiados, una disposición favorable a reconocer dichas deficiencias y a iniciar un proceso de aprehensión de conocimientos, que los lleve a un mejor y mayor manejo de la problemática tanto a título personal como profesional