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1.
PLoS One ; 13(7): e0199941, 2018.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29990371

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the major cause of end-stage liver disease (LD) worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess sustained virological response (SVR) rates in a real-world cohort of patients with HCV infection treated with interferon-free direct antiviral agents (DAA). PATIENTS AND METHODS: All patients with genotypes 1, 2 or 3 HCV infection who started interferon-free treatment at a university hospital from December 2015 through July 2017 were included. The primary outcome was SVR at post-treatment week 12 by intention-to-treat (ITT) and modified ITT (mITT) analysis. RESULTS: Five hundred twenty seven patients were enrolled, 51.6% with cirrhosis. Most patients received sofosbuvir + daclatasvir + ribavirin (60.7%) and sofosbuvir + simeprevir (25.6%). Overall SVR rates were 90.5% for ITT and 96% for mITT. SVR rates were higher in non-cirrhotic (94.2% in ITT and 96.8% in mITT) versus cirrhotic patients (87.1% in ITT and 95.2% in mITT). In ITT and mITT assessments, SVR rates were higher in patients with Child-Pugh A (n = 222, 88.7% and 95.7%, respectively) versus Child-Pugh B or C (n = 40, 80% and 90%, respectively); SVR rates were higher in patients with genotype 1 (n = 405, 92.1% and 98.2%), followed by genotype 2 (n = 13, 84.6% and 92.7%) and genotype 3 (n = 109, 84.4% and 88.4%). Lower comorbidity index (p = 0.0014) and absence of cirrhosis (p = 0.0071) were associated with SVR. Among cirrhotic patients, lower Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (p = 0.0258), higher albumin (p = 0.0015), and higher glomerular filtration rate (p = 0.0366) were related to SVR. Twenty-two cirrhotic patients (8%) had clinical liver decompensation during treatment. Complications of advanced LD were responsible for discontinuation of treatment and death in 12 and 7 patients, respectively. CONCLUSION: Treatment with all-oral DAA achieved high SVR rates, particularly in patients without cirrhosis and few comorbidities. Advanced LD is associated to poor outcome, such as treatment failure and death.


Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Hepatitis C, Chronic/complications , Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Administration, Oral , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Antiviral Agents/adverse effects , Cohort Studies , Comorbidity , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Interactions , Female , Hepatitis C, Chronic/epidemiology , Humans , Liver Cirrhosis/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Safety , Treatment Failure , Treatment Outcome
2.
Braz J Infect Dis ; 16(3): 232-6, 2012.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22729189

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN) and standard interferon (IFN) play a significant role in the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Biosimilar standard IFN is widely available in Brazil for the treatment of HCV infection genotypes 2 or 3, but its efficacy compared to Peg-IFN is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To compare the sustained virological response (SVR) rates following treatment with biosimilar standard IFN plus ribavirin (RBV) versus Peg-IFN plus RBV in patients with HCV genotypes 2 or 3 infection. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in patients with HCV genotypes 2 or 3 infection treated with biosimilar standard IFN plus RBV or with Peg-IFN plus RBV. SVR rates of the two treatments were compared. RESULTS: From January 2005 to December 2010, 172 patients with a mean age of 44 +/- 9.3 years were included. There were eight (4.7%) patients with HCV genotype 2 infections. One hundred fourteen (66.3%) were treated with biosimilar standard IFN plus RBV, whist 58 (33.7%) patients were treated with Peg-IFN plus RBV. Between the two groups, there were no significant differences regarding age, gender, glucose level, platelet count, hepatic necroinflammatory grade, and hepatic fibrosis stage. Overall, 59.3% (102/172) patients had SVR. In patients treated with Peg-IFN plus RBV, 79.3% (46/58) had SVR compared to 49.1% (56/114) among those treated with biosimilar standard IFN plus RBV (p = 0.0001). CONCLUSION: In patients with HCV genotypes 2 or 3 infection, a higher SVR was observed in patients receiving Peg-IFN plus RBV related to patients treated with biosimilar standard IFN plus RBV.


Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage , Hepacivirus/genetics , Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy , Interferon-alpha/administration & dosage , Interferons/administration & dosage , Polyethylene Glycols/administration & dosage , Ribavirin/administration & dosage , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Cohort Studies , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Genotype , Humans , Interferon alpha-2 , Male , Middle Aged , RNA, Viral/analysis , Recombinant Proteins/administration & dosage , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Viral Load , Young Adult
3.
Braz J Infect Dis ; 15(5): 449-56, 2011.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22230851

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The treatment of the chronic hepatitis C (HCV) with α-interferon is associated with thyroid dysfunction (TD). The aim of this study was to evaluate thyroid function outcome among patients with chronic HCV under treatment with conventional interferon (IFN) or peguilated interferon (PEG-IFN) in association with ribavirin. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We studied 293 patients with chronic HCV, submitted to drug therapy for 24 or 48 weeks. Initially, we evaluated FT4, TSH, TPOAb, TgAb, and continued to monitor FT4 and TSH every three months during therapy and six months thereafter. RESULTS: At baseline, TD prevalence was 6.82% (n = 20); 6.14% hypothyroidism; 0.68% hyperthyroidism. TPOAb was present in 5.46% of euthyroid patients. Out of 273 euthyroid patients at baseline, 19% developed TD: 17.2% hypothyroidism; 1.8% hyperthyroidism; 5.1% destructive thyroiditis (DT). 90% of TPOAb-positive patients at baseline developed hypothyroidism vs 14.5% of TPOAb-negative patients (p < 0.001). On average, TD occurred after 25.8 ± 15.5 weeks of treatment. 87.2% of patients who developed hypothyroidism did so during the first therapeutic cycle (p = 0.004; OR = 3.52; 95% CI = 1.36-9.65). Patients infected with genotype 1 virus were 2.13 times more likely to develop hypothyroidism (p = 0.036; 95% CI = 1.04-4.38). Hypothyroid and DT patients presented higher TSH levels before-treatment than patients who had remained euthyroid (p < 0.001; p = 0.002, respectively). DT patients presented lower qALT (p = 0.012) than euthyroid patients. CONCLUSION: Hypothyroidism was the most frequent TD, especially during the first cycle of α-interferon. Genotype 1 virus was associated with a risk two times higher for developing the illness. There was no need to interrupt or to change HCV treatment. Therefore, approximately 34% of TD was transient.


Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/adverse effects , Hepacivirus/genetics , Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy , Hypothyroidism/chemically induced , Interferon-alpha/adverse effects , Polyethylene Glycols/adverse effects , Ribavirin/adverse effects , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Autoantibodies/blood , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Genotype , Humans , Hyperthyroidism/chemically induced , Interferon-alpha/therapeutic use , Male , Middle Aged , Polyethylene Glycols/therapeutic use , Prospective Studies , Recombinant Proteins/adverse effects , Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use , Ribavirin/therapeutic use , Young Adult
5.
J Med Virol ; 78(10): 1296-303, 2006 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16927280

ABSTRACT

Hepatitis C virus subtype 3a (HCV-3a) originates from Asia and has spread widely among injecting drug users as well as other patient groups in industrialized countries. HCV subtype 3a infection remains highly prevalent and frequently transmitted in the population of intravenous drug users. The objective of this study was to understand better the mechanisms of the worldwide HCV-3a epidemics in drug users. Ninety-three sera from HCV-3a-infected IDUs from France, the United States, Brazil, Argentina, and Australia were studied. Phylogenetic analyses of the non-structural 5B region showed no specific clustering according to the continent of the patient's origin. Non-exclusive clusters of viral sequences from South America, Australia, and California were observed, but topologies were not supported by strong bootstrap values. The results suggest that HCV-3a has been transmitted from a common origin through a unique worldwide epidemic that rapidly spread among drug users. Regional transmission occurred in the recent past, leading to an embryonic genetic diversification of HCV-3a among local injecting drug user population.


Subject(s)
Hepacivirus/genetics , Hepatitis C/epidemiology , Molecular Epidemiology , Substance Abuse, Intravenous/complications , Argentina/epidemiology , Australia/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , France/epidemiology , Hepacivirus/classification , Hepatitis C/complications , Humans , RNA, Viral/genetics , United States/epidemiology , Viral Nonstructural Proteins/genetics
6.
Braz J Infect Dis ; 10(5): 311-6, 2006 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17293917

ABSTRACT

Combination therapy with pegylated interferon and ribavirin is considered the new standard therapy for naïve patients with chronic hepatitis C. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of treatment with weight-based peginterferon alpha-2b (1.5 mg/kg per week) plus ribavirin (800-1,200 mg/day) for 48 weeks in naïve, relapser and non-responder (to previous treatment with interferon plus ribavirin) patients with chronic hepatitis C. Sixty-seven naïve, 26 relapser and 40 non-responder patients were enrolled. The overall sustained virological response (SVR) for the intention-to-treat population was 54% for naïve, 62% for relapser and 38% for non-responder patients. In the naïve subgroup, SVR was significantly higher in patients with the non-1 genotype (67%) compared to those with genotype 1 (45%). In relapsers and non-responders, SVR was, respectively, 69% and 24% in patients with genotype 1 and 43% and 73% in those with genotype non-1. There were no significant differences in SVR rates among the three body weight ranges (<65 kg, 65-85 kg and >85 kg) in any of the subgroups. Early virological response (EVR) was reached by 78%, 81% and 58% of naïve, relapser and non-responder patients, respectively, and among those with EVR, 63%, 67% and 61%, respectively, subsequently achieved SVR. All of the non-responder patients who did not have EVR reached SVR. Treatment was discontinued in 13% of the patients, due to loss to follow-up, hematological abnormalities or depression.


Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage , Body Weight , Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy , Interferon-alpha/administration & dosage , Ribavirin/administration & dosage , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Drug Administration Schedule , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Genotype , Hepacivirus/drug effects , Hepacivirus/genetics , Humans , Interferon alpha-2 , Male , Middle Aged , Polyethylene Glycols , Prospective Studies , RNA, Viral/blood , Recombinant Proteins , Treatment Outcome , Viral Load
7.
Braz J Infect Dis ; 8(6): 431-9, 2004 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15880234

ABSTRACT

Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections have been identified in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, although the clinical relevance of occult HBV infection remains controversial. We searched for serum HBV DNA in 106 HBsAg negative/anti-HBc positive patients with chronic HCV infection and in 150 blood donors HBsAg negative/anti-HBc positive/anti-HCV negative (control group) by nested-PCR. HCV genotyping was done in 98 patients and percutaneous needle liver biopsies were performed in 59 patients. Fifty-two patients were treated for HCV infection with interferon alone (n=4) or combined with ribavirin (n=48) during one year. At the end and 24 weeks after stopping therapy, they were tested for HCV-RNA to evaluate the sustained virological response (SVR). Among the 106 HCV-positive patients, 15 (14%) were HBV-DNA positive and among the 150 HCV-negative blood donors, 6 (4%) were HBV-DNA positive. Liver biopsy gave a diagnosis of liver cirrhosis in 2/10 (20%) of the HBV-DNA positive patients and in 6/49 (12%) of the HBV-DNA negative patients. The degree of liver fibrosis and portal inflammation was similar in HCV-infected patients HBV-DNA, irrespective of HBV-DNA status. SVR was obtained in 37.5% of the HBV-DNA positive patients and in 20.5% of the HBV-DNA negative patients; this difference was not significant. In conclusion, these data suggested that occult HBV infection, which occurs at a relatively high frequency among Brazilian HCV-infected patients, was not associated with more severe grades of inflammation, liver fibrosis or cirrhosis development and did not affect the SVR rates when the patients were treated with interferon or with interferon plus ribavirin.


Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Hepatitis B/drug therapy , Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy , Interferons/therapeutic use , Liver/pathology , Ribavirin/therapeutic use , Adult , Biopsy, Needle , Case-Control Studies , DNA, Viral/analysis , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Genotype , Hepatitis B/complications , Hepatitis B/pathology , Hepatitis B virus/genetics , Hepatitis C, Chronic/complications , Hepatitis C, Chronic/pathology , Humans , Liver/virology , Male , Middle Aged , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Risk Factors
8.
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol ; 10(4): 718-20, 2003 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12853411

ABSTRACT

With the use of PCR, we searched for hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in serum samples from 415 HBsAg-negative, anti-HBc-positive patients: 150 were blood donors, 106 had only hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and 159 had human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (of which 88 were HCV positive and 71 were HCV negative). HBV DNA was detected in 4% of blood donors, 3.4% of HIV- and HCV-positive patients, and 24% of HCV-positive patients.


Subject(s)
Blood Donors , DNA, Viral/blood , HIV Infections/complications , Hepatitis B virus/isolation & purification , Hepatitis B/diagnosis , Hepatitis C/complications , Viremia/diagnosis , Adult , Brazil/epidemiology , Comorbidity , False Negative Reactions , HIV Infections/epidemiology , HIV Seronegativity , HIV Seropositivity , Hepatitis B/complications , Hepatitis B/epidemiology , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/blood , Hepatitis B virus/genetics , Hepatitis B virus/immunology , Hepatitis C/epidemiology , Hepatitis C Antibodies/blood , Humans , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Prevalence , Viremia/complications , Viremia/epidemiology
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