ABSTRACT
Anthocyanins are phenolic compounds present in various plant products with interesting functional characteristics studied by science, such as their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, among others. However, anthocyanins are considered unstable to various factors, which can affect their functional capacity. For this reason, some technologies, such as nanoencapsulation, are being applied to ensure their functional capacity effectively. The incorporation of anthocyanins in yogurt has shown various benefits, such as the ability to inhibit pathogenic microorganisms, reduce enzyme activity, and prolong the shelf life of the product. Additionally, the functional effects include their ability to modulate the gut microbiota, generating antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and even antiproliferative responses, thereby reducing the capacity of tumor progression. For these reasons, this graphic review discussed the functional effects of yogurt enriched with nanoencapsulated anthocyanins on the gut microbiota and its influence on human health.
ABSTRACT
The antibacterial effect of microencapsulated lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) essential oil on strains of Escherichia coli (ATCC8739), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (ATCC 6017), and the stability of this oil in feeds for broiler chickens were evaluated. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were determined by the macrodilution method, using the microencapsulated lemon grass essential oil at concentrations of 160 μL mL−1, 80 μL mL−1, 40 μL mL−1, 20 μL mL−1, and 10 μL mL−1. The oil concentration of 80 μL mL−1 presented the best results against the three bacteria evaluated. Samples of 200 g of feed mixed with 120 μL g−1 of the microencapsulated lemon grass essential oil was stored to evaluate the oil stability. Feed without microencapsulated lemon grass essential oil was prepared as control. The oil remained active for seven days, with significant reduction of S. aureus (3.08 CFU), E. coli (3.01 CFU), and S. enterica (3.10 CFU). The microencapsulated lemon grass essential oil at concentration of 80 μL mL−1 had antibacterial effect against the E. coli, S. enterica and S. aureus, and maintained stability of the feed for seven days, even with presence of organic matter, which is source of nutrients for pathogens.(AU)
No trabalho foi avaliado o efeito antimicrobiano do óleo capim limão (Cymbopogon citratus) microencapsulado frente a cepas de Escherichia coli (ATCC8739), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) e Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (ATCC 6017), e a estabilidade do óleo em ração de frangos de corte. O teste de Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) e Concentração Bactericida Mínima (CBM) do óleo essencial de capim-limão microencapsulado foi determinado pelo método de macrodiluição (tubo) utilizando as concentrações de 160μL/mL, 80μL/mL, 40μL/mL, 20μL/mLe 10μL/mL. A concentração do óleo de 80μL/mL apresentou melhores resultados frente às três bactérias. Para a avaliação da estabilidade foram separados e armazenadas porções de 200g de ração misturadas com o óleo essencial de capim limão na dosagem de 120μL/g de ração, foram preparadas porções de ração sem a presença do óleo essencial para teste controle, os resultados mostraram que o óleo permaneceu ativo até sete dias, com redução significativa de 3,08 UFC para S. aureus, 3, 01 para E. coli e 3,10 S. entérica. Conclui-se que, óleo essencial de capimlimão microencapuslado tem atividade antibacteriana na concentração de 80 μL/mL frente à Escherichia coli, S. entérica e S. aureus e promove a estabilidade da ração no período de sete dias mesmo na presença da matéria orgânica que é fonte de nutrientes para patógenos.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Cymbopogon/microbiology , Anti-Infective Agents/administration & dosage , Oils, Volatile , Animal Feed/analysis , Animal Feed , ChickensABSTRACT
The antibacterial effect of microencapsulated lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) essential oil on strains of Escherichia coli (ATCC8739), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (ATCC 6017), and the stability of this oil in feeds for broiler chickens were evaluated. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were determined by the macrodilution method, using the microencapsulated lemon grass essential oil at concentrations of 160 μL mL−1, 80 μL mL−1, 40 μL mL−1, 20 μL mL−1, and 10 μL mL−1. The oil concentration of 80 μL mL−1 presented the best results against the three bacteria evaluated. Samples of 200 g of feed mixed with 120 μL g−1 of the microencapsulated lemon grass essential oil was stored to evaluate the oil stability. Feed without microencapsulated lemon grass essential oil was prepared as control. The oil remained active for seven days, with significant reduction of S. aureus (3.08 CFU), E. coli (3.01 CFU), and S. enterica (3.10 CFU). The microencapsulated lemon grass essential oil at concentration of 80 μL mL−1 had antibacterial effect against the E. coli, S. enterica and S. aureus, and maintained stability of the feed for seven days, even with presence of organic matter, which is source of nutrients for pathogens.
No trabalho foi avaliado o efeito antimicrobiano do óleo capim limão (Cymbopogon citratus) microencapsulado frente a cepas de Escherichia coli (ATCC8739), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) e Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (ATCC 6017), e a estabilidade do óleo em ração de frangos de corte. O teste de Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) e Concentração Bactericida Mínima (CBM) do óleo essencial de capim-limão microencapsulado foi determinado pelo método de macrodiluição (tubo) utilizando as concentrações de 160μL/mL, 80μL/mL, 40μL/mL, 20μL/mLe 10μL/mL. A concentração do óleo de 80μL/mL apresentou melhores resultados frente às três bactérias. Para a avaliação da estabilidade foram separados e armazenadas porções de 200g de ração misturadas com o óleo essencial de capim limão na dosagem de 120μL/g de ração, foram preparadas porções de ração sem a presença do óleo essencial para teste controle, os resultados mostraram que o óleo permaneceu ativo até sete dias, com redução significativa de 3,08 UFC para S. aureus, 3, 01 para E. coli e 3,10 S. entérica. Conclui-se que, óleo essencial de capimlimão microencapuslado tem atividade antibacteriana na concentração de 80 μL/mL frente à Escherichia coli, S. entérica e S. aureus e promove a estabilidade da ração no período de sete dias mesmo na presença da matéria orgânica que é fonte de nutrientes para patógenos.