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1.
Neuro Oncol ; 24(3): 482-491, 2022 03 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34611696

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the detection rate of body CT or PET/CT for sites of extracranial disease in patients with a new pathological diagnosis of CNS DLBCL and to identify factors associated with sites of extracranial disease. METHODS: An international multicenter cohort study of consecutive immunocompetent patients with a new diagnosis of CNS DLBCL confirmed by brain biopsy who underwent CT and/or PET/CT to evaluate for sites of extracranial disease between 1998 and 2019. The primary outcome was the detection rate of extracranial lymphoma by CT or PET/CT. Subgroup analyses according to age and EBV status were also performed. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine factors related to sites of extracranial disease. Detection rates of CT and PET/CT were compared. RESULTS: One thousand and forty-three patients were included. The overall detection rate of CT or PET/CT was 2.6% (27/1043). The treatment approach was adjusted in 74% of these patients. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that age >61 years (OR, 3.10; P = .016) and EBV positivity (OR, 3.78; P = .045) were associated with greater odds of extracranial lymphoma. There was no statistically significant difference in detection rate between CT and PET/CT (P = .802). In patients ≤61 years old, the false-referral rates were significantly higher than the detection rates (P < .001). CONCLUSION: Our results showed increased odds of extracranial lymphoma in patients with older age or EBV-positive lymphoma. Treatment was adjusted in a majority of patients diagnosed with extracranial lymphoma, thereby supporting the current guidelines for the use of contrast-enhanced body CT or PET/CT in patients with newly diagnosed CNS DLBCL.


Subject(s)
Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse , Lymphoma , Central Nervous System/pathology , Cohort Studies , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 , Humans , Lymphoma/diagnostic imaging , Lymphoma/pathology , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/diagnostic imaging , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology , Middle Aged , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography/methods , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
2.
Brain Res ; 1717: 176-181, 2019 08 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30991042

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate temporal changes in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signals in the hippocampus during epileptiform activity induced by kainic acid (KA) in a rat model of status epilepticus using chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging technique. METHODS: CEST imaging and 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) were applied to a systemic KA-induced rat model to compare GABA signals. All data acquisition and analytical procedures were performed at three different time points (before KA injection, and 1 and 3 h after injection). The CEST signal was analyzed based on regions of interests (ROIs) in the hippocampus, while 1H MRS was analyzed within a 12.0 µL ROI in the left hippocampus. Signal correlations between the two methods were evaluated as a function of time change up to 3 h after KA injection. RESULTS: The measured GABA CEST-weighted signal intensities of the rat epileptic hippocampus before injection showed significant differences from those after (averaged signals from both hippocampi: 4.37% ±â€¯0.87% and 7.305 ±â€¯1.11%; P < 0.05), although the signal had increased slightly at both time points after KA injection, the differences were not significant (P > 0.05). In contrast, the correlation between the CEST imaging values and 1H MRS was significant (r ≥ 0.64; P < 0.05; in all cases). CONCLUSIONS: GABA signal changes during epileptiform activity in the rat hippocampus, as detected using CEST imaging, provided a significant contrast according to changes in metabolic activity. Our technical approach may serve as a potential supplemental option to provide biomarkers for brain disease.


Subject(s)
Hippocampus/metabolism , Status Epilepticus/metabolism , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism , Animals , Kainic Acid/pharmacology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Male , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Status Epilepticus/chemically induced
3.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol ; 25(1): 69-73, 2004 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14729531

ABSTRACT

We present two patients with spinal epidural arteriovenous fistulas involving the vertebral body recruiting dural and osseous branches as feeders. The fistulas, forming a round venous sac into which the multiple arterial feeders converge, were located near the round bony defect of the vertebral body, suggesting the osseous component of this vascular lesion. Transvenous coil embolization of the round venous sac results in near-total obliteration of the lesion, leading to symptomatic improvement.


Subject(s)
Arteriovenous Fistula/therapy , Embolization, Therapeutic , Epidural Space/blood supply , Epidural Space/pathology , Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations/therapy , Spinal Cord Compression/therapy , Adult , Arteriovenous Fistula/diagnostic imaging , Cervical Plexus/diagnostic imaging , Cervical Plexus/pathology , Cervical Plexus/surgery , Cervical Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging , Cervical Vertebrae/pathology , Cervical Vertebrae/surgery , Epidural Space/diagnostic imaging , Female , Humans , Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations/diagnostic imaging , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Middle Aged , Platinum/therapeutic use , Radiographic Image Enhancement , Spinal Cord Compression/diagnostic imaging
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