Repository of MRI-derived models of the breast with single and multiple benign and malignant tumors for microwave imaging research.

The diagnosis of breast cancer through MicroWave Imaging (MWI) technology has been extensively researched over the past few decades. However, continuous improvements to systems are needed to achieve clinical viability. To this end, the numerical models employed in simulation studies need to be diversified, anatomically accurate, and also representative of the cases in clinical settings. Hence, we have created the first open-access repository of 3D anatomically accurate numerical models of the breast, derived from 3.0T Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI) of benign breast disease and breast cancer patients. The models include normal breast tissues (fat, fibroglandular, skin, and muscle tissues), and benign and cancerous breast tumors. The repository contains easily reconfigurable models which can be tumor-free or contain single or multiple tumors, allowing complex and realistic test scenarios needed for feasibility and performance assessment of MWI devices prior to experimental and clinical testing. It also includes an executable file which enables researchers to generate models incorporating the dielectric properties of breast tissues at a chosen frequency ranging from 3 to 10 GHz, thereby ensuring compatibility with a wide spectrum of research requirements and stages of development for any breast MWI prototype system. Currently, our dataset comprises MRI scans of 55 patients, but new exams will be continuously added.

Isha yoga practices, vegan diet, and participation in Samyama meditation retreat: impact on the gut microbiome & metabolome - a non-randomized trial.

BACKGROUND: Growing evidence suggests a role for gut bacteria and their metabolites in host-signaling responses along the gut-brain axis which may impact mental health. Meditation is increasingly utilized to combat stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms. However, its impact on the microbiome remains unclear. This study observes the effects of preparation and participation in an advanced meditation program (Samyama) implemented with a vegan diet including 50% raw foods, on gut microbiome and metabolites profiles. METHODS: There were 288 subjects for this study. Stool samples were collected at 3-time points for meditators and household controls. Meditators prepared for 2 months for the Samyama, incorporating daily yoga and meditation practices with a vegan diet including 50% raw foods. Subjects were requested to submit stool samples for 3 time points - 2 months before Samyama (T1), right before Samyama (T2), and 3 months following Samyama (T3). 16 s rRNA sequencing was used to study participants' microbiome. Alpha and beta diversities along with short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) were assessed. Metabolomics were performed on a mass spectrometer coupled to a UHLPC system and analyzed by El-MAVEN software. RESULTS: Alpha diversity showed no significant differences between meditators and controls, while beta diversity showed significant changes (padj = 0.001) after Samyama in meditators' microbiota composition. After the preparation phase, changes in branched short-chain fatty acids, higher levels of iso-valerate (padj = 0.02) and iso-buytrate (padj = 0.019) were observed at T2 in meditators. Other metabolites were also observed to have changed in meditators at timepoint T2. CONCLUSION: This study examined the impact of an advanced meditation program combined with a vegan diet on the gut microbiome. There was an increase in beneficial bacteria even three months after the completion of the Samyama program. Further study is warranted to validate current observations and investigate the significance and mechanisms of action related to diet, meditation, and microbial composition and function, on psychological processes, including mood. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registration number: NCT04366544 ; Registered on 29/04/2020.

Development of 3D MRI-Based Anatomically Realistic Models of Breast Tissues and Tumours for Microwave Imaging Diagnosis.

Breast cancer diagnosis using radar-based medical MicroWave Imaging (MWI) has been studied in recent years. Realistic numerical and physical models of the breast are needed for simulation and experimental testing of MWI prototypes. We aim to provide the scientific community with an online repository of multiple accurate realistic breast tissue models derived from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), including benign and malignant tumours. Such models are suitable for 3D printing, leveraging experimental MWI testing. We propose a pre-processing pipeline, which includes image registration, bias field correction, data normalisation, background subtraction, and median filtering. We segmented the fat tissue with the region growing algorithm in fat-weighted Dixon images. Skin, fibroglandular tissue, and the chest wall boundary were segmented from water-weighted Dixon images. Then, we applied a 3D region growing and Hoshen-Kopelman algorithms for tumour segmentation. The developed semi-automatic segmentation procedure is suitable to segment tissues with a varying level of heterogeneity regarding voxel intensity. Two accurate breast models with benign and malignant tumours, with dielectric properties at 3, 6, and 9 GHz frequencies have been made available to the research community. These are suitable for microwave diagnosis, i.e., imaging and classification, and can be easily adapted to other imaging modalities.

3D printed nitric oxide-releasing poly(acrylic acid)/F127/cellulose nanocrystal hydrogels.

Hydrogels have been used as matrices for the topical delivery of nitric oxide (NO) for achieving vasodilation, wound healing and analgesic actions. More recently, supramolecular hydrogels comprised of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and micellar Pluronic F127 (F127), prepared by thermal reaction, emerged as a suitable matrix for the incorporation of hydrophilic NO donors, such as S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO). Herein, we describe an innovative method for the three-dimensional (3D) printing of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-containing and semi-interpenetrating PAA/F127 hydrogels by PAA photopolymerization via digital light processing (DLP), in the absence of organic solvents. Scanning electron microscopy showed that, differently from typical porous PAA-based hydrogels, the 3D printed PAA/F127/CNC hydrogels have dense morphology. By using transmission electron microscopy we confirmed for the first time the presence of F127 micelles in the printable resin, and their preservation after the photopolymerization process. The F127 micelles conferred compressive recoverability to the 3D printed PAA/F127/CNC hydrogels, widening their potential applications as soft biomaterials. PAA/F127/CNC hydrogels charged with GSNO are shown to release NO spontaneously upon hydration at initial rates that depend on the GSNO charge and are higher in the presence of CNC. As local NO release may exert cell proliferation action, 3D printed PAA/F127/CNC/GSNO hydrogels may serve as a versatile soft biomaterial for local NO delivery in regenerative medicine and other biomedical applications.

Purinergic Receptors in Neurological Diseases With Motor Symptoms: Targets for Therapy.

Since proving adenosine triphosphate (ATP) functions as a neurotransmitter in neuron/glia interactions, the purinergic system has been more intensely studied within the scope of the central nervous system. In neurological disorders with associated motor symptoms, including Parkinson's disease (PD), motor neuron diseases (MND), multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's Disease (HD), restless leg syndrome (RLS), and ataxias, alterations in purinergic receptor expression and activity have been noted, indicating a potential role for this system in disease etiology and progression. In neurodegenerative conditions, neural cell death provokes extensive ATP release and alters calcium signaling through purinergic receptor modulation. Consequently, neuroinflammatory responses, excitotoxicity and apoptosis are directly or indirectly induced. This review analyzes currently available data, which suggests involvement of the purinergic system in neuro-associated motor dysfunctions and underlying mechanisms. Possible targets for pharmacological interventions are also discussed.

Solvent-free and biocompatible multiphased organic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposites.

Biocompatible chemically cross-linked organic-inorganic (O-I) hybrid nanocomposites were developed using a new atoxic, simple and fast, solvent-free pathway. Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), which are both biocompatible, were used as the organic moieties (at different PCL/PEG ratios), while in situ synthesized polysilsesquioxanes made up the inorganic moiety. The O-I hybrid nanocomposites' molecular structures were characterized using solid-state 29Si NMR, TGA and ATR-IR. Results showed an unusually high condensation yield of approximately 90% and two distinct silsesquioxane structures. No traces of the remaining isocyanate groups were found. Advanced morphological characterization of the ternary O-I hybrids was performed using a combination of electron microscopy and X-ray scattering techniques such as SEM, TEM, ESI-TEM, WAXS and temperature-dependent SAXS. Results showed the occurrence of spherical nanoparticles, associated with polysilsesquioxane, and ordered network grains, associated with PCL and/or PEG chains cross-linked by silsesquioxane cages. As a consequence, a four-phased nanostructured morphology was proposed. In this model, PCL and PEG are undistinguishable, while polysilsesquioxane nanoparticles are uniformly distributed throughout a homogeneous cross-linked matrix, which shows gel-like behavior. Moreover, a mobile phase made up of unbound polymer chains occurs at the grain interface.

Amphiphilic Nucleating Agents to Enhance Calcium Phosphate Growth on Polymeric Surfaces.

Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is an aliphatic polyester widely explored in the preparation of guided bone regeneration (GBR) membranes because of its interesting mechanical properties and biodegradability. However, PCL high hydrophobicity often impairs cell adhesion and proliferation as well as calcium phosphate growth, all of which are crucial to achieving suitable bone-tissue integration. In this work, aimed at achieving less-hydrophobic surfaces, amphiphilic molecules were added at low concentrations to the polymeric dope solutions that generated the GBR membranes. During membrane formation, these molecules migrate to the solution/air interface in such a way that, upon liquid-solid phase transition, the negatively charged heads are exposed while the apolar tails are anchored to the polymer bulk. As a consequence, these molecules became nucleating agents for subsequent calcium phosphate growth using an alternating soaking process. Herein, PCL porous membranes containing different amphiphilic molecules, such as stearic acid and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, were investigated. This new, simple, and atoxic method to superficially treat polymeric membranes could be extended to a wide range of polymers and applications.

Effects of bark flour of Passiflora edulis on food intake, body weight and behavioral response of rats

ABSTRACT Effects of treatment with the bark flour of Passiflora edulis Sims, Passifloraceae, were evaluated. Adult male Wistar rats were treated for 30 days (130 mg/kg, p.o.) with the albedo flour, flavedo and full bark of P. edulis, corresponding to albedo associated with flavedo. Behavioral response observed after treatment with bark flour P. edulis showed sedative effects by the reduction of exploratory activity and increased duration of immobility in the open field test for the group of animals that received the albedo flour associated with the flavedo. Sedative effects were observed in the absence of motor incoordination or muscle relaxation. Food intake of experimental animals was not changed, but the weight gain was decreased both in animals that received only albedo flour, and in those who received the full bark flour. The full bark flour of Passiflora showed sedative effects, without anxiolytic effect detectable and muscle relaxation or motor incoordination, and reduces body weight gain.

Concomitant Migraine and Temporomandibular Disorders are Associated With Higher Heat Pain Hyperalgesia and Cephalic Cutaneous Allodynia.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess differences in the levels of hyperalgesia and cutaneous allodynia (CA) among women with migraine, temporomandibular disorders (TMD), or both. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty women participated in the study. Mean ages for the control group, TMD group, migraine group, and migraine+TMD group were 26.15 (95% confidence interval [CI], 28.73 to 23.57), 31.65 (95% CI, 37.82 to 25.48), 35.05 (95% CI, 40.37 to 29.73), and 34.20 (95% CI, 37.99 to 30.41) years, respectively. The 12-item Allodynia Symptom Checklist was administered to assess CA. All participants underwent the Quantitative Sensory Test to determine the cold-pain and heat-pain thresholds. Mechanical pain thresholds were assessed using Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments. One-way analysis of variance and χ tests were used for statistical analysis. Alpha was set at 0.05 level for statistical significance. RESULTS: For all sites evaluated, the mean cold-pain threshold values were significantly lower in the TMD, migraine, and TMD+migraine groups compared with the control group. However, the mean heat-pain threshold values in the extracephalic region were significantly smaller only for the TMD+migraine group compared with the control group (41.94°C; 95% CI, 40.54 to 43.34 vs. 44.79°C; 95% CI, 43.45 to 46.12; P=0.03). Mechanical hyperalgesia in orofacial and neck sites was significantly lower in the TMD and TMD+migraine groups compared with the control group. Mean total 12-item Allodynia Symptom Checklist score in the TMD+migraine group was significantly higher than in the migraine group (9.53; 95% CI, 7.45 to 11.60 vs. 6.95; 95% CI, 5.35 to 8.55; P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: More pronounced levels of hyperalgesia and CA were found in patients with both TMD and migraine. Thus, it is suggested that the concomitant presence of TMD and migraine may be related to intensification of central sensitization.

Comparison between neck pain disability and cervical range of motion in patients with episodic and chronic migraine: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate neck pain-related disability and cervical range of motion (CROM) in patients with episodic migraine (EM) and chronic migraine (CM) and to examine the correlation of both outcomes. METHODS: This cross-sectional study consisted of 91 patients with EM and 34 with CM. Cervical range of motion was measured with the CROM device, and pain during the cervical movement was recorded. Self-reported disability related to neck pain was assessed with the Neck Disability Index. RESULTS: Patients with CM showed higher Neck Disability Index scores and more moderate and severe disability (P = .01). Severe disability as a result of neck pain was associated with 7.6-fold risk of developing CM (P = .003). No significant differences in CROM were identified between groups. Moderate negative correlations between CROM and disability were found for 4 motions within the CM group (-0.60

Neck pain disability is related to the frequency of migraine attacks: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Migraine and neck pain can be critical causes of disability. The contribution of neck pain for the overall disability of individuals with migraine remains unknown. OBJECTIVE: To contrast the disability experienced by individuals with episodic and chronic migraine with and without neck pain as captured by the Neck Disability Index. METHODS: Disability due to neck pain was assessed using the Neck Disability Index in individuals with episodic or chronic migraine seen at a university-based headache center. Neck disability was defined as mild (score ranging from 5 to 14 points), moderate (15-24 points), severe (25-34 points) or complete (35 points or higher). To compare differences between groups, a chi-square test was applied. Log-binomial logistic regression was used to estimate disability as a function of headache status after adjustments for age, time since migraine onset, and headache intensity. RESULTS: Sample consisted of 169 individuals, 104 with episodic migraine and 65 with chronic migraine. Any disability due to neck pain happened in 69% of those with episodic migraine, relative to 92% in chronic migraine (P < .001). Individuals with chronic migraine were at a significantly increased risk to have mild (RR = 2.5; CI 95% 1.1-6.1), moderate (RR = 3.7; CI 95% 1.5-8.8) and severe (RR = 5.1; CI 95%2.1-11.9) cervical disability relative to those with episodic migraine. Relative risks remained significant after adjustments. Time since episodic or chronic migraine onset significantly influenced the model (P = .035), but age and headache intensity did not (P = .27; P = .46). CONCLUSION: Neck pain significantly adds to the overall disability of individuals with episodic and chronic migraine.

Body posture changes in women with migraine with or without temporomandibular disorders.

BACKGROUND: Migraine and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are reported to be associated. However, there are no reports on the association among migraines, TMDs and changes in body posture. OBJECTIVES: To assess changes in body posture in women suffering migraines with or without TMD compared with a control group. METHOD: Sixty-six women with a mean age of 18 to 45 years participated in this study. The groups were composed of 22 volunteers with migraine and TMD (MTMD), 22 volunteers with migraines without TMD (MG) and 22 women in the control group (CG). Static posture was assessed by photogrammetry, and 19 angles were measured. RESULTS: Postural asymmetry was observed in the face for 4 angles measured on the frontal plane in the MG group and for 4 angles of the trunk in the MG and MTMD groups with respect to CG. However, for comparisons between MTMD and CG, clinical relevance was identified for two angles of the sagittal plane (Cervical and Lumbar Lordosis, Effect Size - ES - moderate: 0.53 and 0.60). For comparisons between the MG and CG, the clinical relevance/potential was verified for three angles with moderate ES (ES>0.42). The clinical relevance when comparing MTMD and CG was identified for four angles of facial symmetry head inclination (ES>0.54) and for two angles between MG and CG (ES>0.48). CONCLUSION: The results demonstrated the presence of postural changes compared with a control group in women with migraines with or without TMD, and there were similar clinically relevant postural changes among the patients with migraines with and without TMD.

Body posture changes in women with migraine with or without temporomandibular disorders / Alteracoes da postura corporal estatica de mulheres com migranea com e sem disfuncao temporomandibular

Background: Migraine and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are reported to be associated. However, there are no reports on the association among migraines, TMDs and changes in body posture. Objectives : To assess changes in body posture in women suffering migraines with or without TMD compared with a control group. Method: Sixty-six women with a mean age of 18 to 45 years participated in this study. The groups were composed of 22 volunteers with migraine and TMD (MTMD), 22 volunteers with migraines without TMD (MG) and 22 women in the control group (CG). Static posture was assessed by photogrammetry, and 19 angles were measured. Results: Postural asymmetry was observed in the face for 4 angles measured on the frontal plane in the MG group and for 4 angles of the trunk in the MG and MTMD groups with respect to CG. However, for comparisons between MTMD and CG, clinical relevance was identified for two angles of the sagittal plane (Cervical and Lumbar Lordosis, Effect Size - ES - moderate: 0.53 and 0.60). For comparisons between the MG and CG, the clinical relevance/potential was verified for three angles with moderate ES (ES>0.42). The clinical relevance when comparing MTMD and CG was identified for four angles of facial symmetry head inclination (ES>0.54) and for two angles between MG and CG (ES>0.48). Conclusion : The results demonstrated the presence of postural changes compared with a control group in women with migraines with or without TMD, and there were similar clinically relevant postural changes among the patients with migraines with and without TMD. .

Contextualização: Há relatos na literatura sobre associações entre migrânea e disfunção temporomandibular (DTM). Entretanto, não há relatos sobre a associação entre migrânea, DTM e alterações da postura corporal. Objetivos: Avaliar a presença de alterações da postura corporal em mulheres com migrânea com e sem DTM em relação a um grupo controle. Método: Foram avaliados três grupos de 22 integrantes cada, na faixa etária de 18 a 50 anos, sexo feminino, compostos de voluntárias com migrânea e DTM (GMDTM), migranosas sem DTM (GM) e grupo controle (GC). As voluntárias foram submetidas à avaliação da postura estática por meio da fotogrametria, e foram mensurados 19 ângulos. Resultados: Foram observadas assimetrias posturais em quatro ângulos mensurados no plano frontal na face no GM e em quatro ângulos do tronco no GM e no GMDTM em relação ao GC. Entretanto, foi verificada relevância clínica para dois ângulos posturais no plano sagital (GM vs. GMDTM - lordose cervical e lombar, Effect size - ES moderados: 0,53 e 0,60) e, para comparação entre o GM e o GC, foi observada relevância clínica/potencial para três ângulos (ES>0,42). Foi verificada relevância clínica para quatro ângulos de simetria facial/inclinação da cabeça na comparação GMDTM e GM (ES>0,54) e para dois ângulos entre o GM e o GC (ES>0,48). Conclusão: Os resultados do presente trabalho demonstraram a presença de alterações de postura corporal em mulheres com migrânea com e sem DTM em relação ao grupo controle, e as alterações de postura foram similares entre os GM e GMDTM na análise de relevância clínica. .

High frequency of serum chromium deficiency and association of chromium with triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations in patients awaiting bariatric surgery.

BACKGROUND: To our knowledge, the frequency of serum chromium deficiency in patients awaiting bariatric surgery has not been determined. This study was designed to assess chromium concentration and its association with glycemic levels and lipid profile in patients prior to bariatric surgery. METHODS: This study recruited 73 candidates for bariatric surgery between March and September 2012. Their sociodemographic, anthropometric, and biochemical data were collected. RESULTS: Of the 73 patients, 55 (75.3%) were women (75.34%). Mean patient age was 37.20 ± 9.92 years, and mean body mass index was 47.48 kg/m2 (range, 43.59 to 52.50 kg/m2). Chromium deficiency was observed in 64 patients (87.7%). Correlation analysis showed significant negative relationships between chromium concentration and BMI and zinc concentration and a significant positive relationship between chromium and glycated hemoglobin. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that serum chromium concentration was significantly associated with total cholesterol (ß = 0.171, p = 0.048) and triglyceride (ß = -0.181, p = 0.039) concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: Serum chromium deficiency is frequent in candidates for bariatric surgery and is associated with total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. Early nutritional interventions are needed to reduce nutritional deficiencies and improve the lipid profile of these patients.

Influence of migraine and of migraine aura on balance and mobility--a controlled study.

BACKGROUND: Migraine, especially migraine with aura (MA), appears to be a risk factor for ischemic lesions in the posterior fossa. The clinical relevance of the lesions is uncertain. Accordingly, herein, we identified individuals with MA, migraine without aura (MO), and without migraine (controls) in order to investigate their balance and mobility. METHODS: Participants were selected among patients seen in an outpatient headache clinic. Controls had no history of headache. Balance was assessed by measuring the oscillation area using force plates and mobility was assessed with the Timed Up and Go test. RESULTS: Of 92 volunteers, 31 had MO (38 ± 10 years), 31 had MA (37 ± 8), and 30 were controls (33 ± 9). Subjects with MA had larger oscillation area (2.5 ± 1.4 cm(2) and 3.7 ± 2.9 cm(2) ) relative to those with MO (2.0 ± 1.7 cm(2) and 2.1 ± 2.2 cm(2) , P = .02) and controls (1.5 ± 0.8 cm(2) and 1.7 ± 1.2 cm(2) , P < .001) when standing in the bipodal position, respectively, with opened and closed eyes. MA was different with MO while standing in the unipodal position with eyes opened (right leg 6.7 ± 2.5 cm(2) vs 4.9 ± 1.7 cm(2) , P = .002; left leg 6.5 ± 2.7 cm(2) and 4.8 ± 1.4 cm(2) , P = .008). No differences were seen between MA and MO regarding the Timed Up and Go, although both groups were different than controls (8.5 seconds. and 6.5 seconds, P < .001; 8.2 and 6.5 seconds, P < .01, respectively). Dizziness symptoms happened in 25/31 (80%) of those with MA and 20/31 (65%) with MO, relative to 2/30 (6.5%) in controls (P < .0001 and P < .001). CONCLUSION: Aura negatively affects static balance and mobility in individuals with migraine. Dizziness is a prevalent symptom in this population.

Do women with migraine have higher prevalence of temporomandibular disorders? / Mulheres com enxaqueca têm maior prevalência de disfunção temporomandibular?

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD), using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD) in women with episodic and chronic migraine (M and CM), as well as in asymptomatic women. METHOD: Sample consisted of 61 women, being 38 with M and 23 with CM, identified from a headache outpatient center; we also investigated 30 women without headaches for at least 3 months (women without headache group - WHG). Assessment of TMD was conducted by a physical therapist who was blind to the headache status. RESULTS: The prevalence of TMD, assessed through the RDC, was 33.3% in the WHG, 86.8% in the M group and 91.3% of the CM group. Differences were significant when comparing M and CM groups with WHG (p<0.001), but not when comparing M and CM (p>0.05) as well as higher risk for TMD [odds ratio (OR)=3.15, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.73-5.71 and OR=3.97, 95%CI 1.76-8.94]. CONCLUSION: Women with migraine are more likely to have muscular and articular TMD, suggesting that both disorders might be clinically associated, which demonstrate the importance of physical therapy assessment in the multidisciplinary team.

OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a presença de disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) usando o Critério Diagnóstico em pesquisa para disfunção temporomandibular (RDC/TMD) em mulheres com migrânea episódica e migrânea crônica (M e MC), bem como em mulheres sem nenhuma cefaleia. MÉTODO: A amostra foi composta por 61 mulheres, 38 com M e 23 com MC, selecionadas em um centro terciário de saúde; também foram avaliadas 30 mulheres sem nenhuma cefaleia nos últimos três meses (grupo de mulheres sem cefaleia - MSC). A avaliação da DTM foi realizada por um fisioterapeuta que não tinha conhecimento do diagnóstico das pacientes. RESULTADOS: Por meio do RDC/TMD, a frequência de DTM foi de 33.3% no grupo MSC, 86.8% no grupo M e 91.3% no grupo MC. A diferença foi significativa entre os grupos com migrânea e o grupo MSC (p<0.001), porém não houve diferença entre os grupos M e MC (p>0,05), bem como maior fator de risco de DTM [odds ratio (OR)=3,15, intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95% 1,73-5,71 e OR=3,97, IC95% 1,76-8,94]. CONCLUSÃO: Mulheres com migrânea têm maior frequência de DTM muscular e articular, sugerindo que essas condições estão clinicamente associadas, evidenciando a importância do fisioterapeuta na equipe de avaliação multidisciplinar.

Do women with migraine have higher prevalence of temporomandibular disorders?

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD), using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD) in women with episodic and chronic migraine (M and CM), as well as in asymptomatic women. METHOD: Sample consisted of 61 women, being 38 with M and 23 with CM, identified from a headache outpatient center; we also investigated 30 women without headaches for at least 3 months (women without headache group - WHG). Assessment of TMD was conducted by a physical therapist who was blind to the headache status. RESULTS: The prevalence of TMD, assessed through the RDC, was 33.3% in the WHG, 86.8% in the M group and 91.3% of the CM group. Differences were significant when comparing M and CM groups with WHG (p<0.001), but not when comparing M and CM (p>0.05) as well as higher risk for TMD [odds ratio (OR)=3.15, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.73-5.71 and OR=3.97, 95%CI 1.76-8.94]. CONCLUSION: Women with migraine are more likely to have muscular and articular TMD, suggesting that both disorders might be clinically associated, which demonstrate the importance of physical therapy assessment in the multidisciplinary team.

Active intervals between sets of resistance exercises potentiate the magnitude of postexercise hypotension in elderly hypertensive women.

Active and passive intervals (AI, PI) between exercise series promote different hemodynamic responses; however, the impact of these intervals on the blood pressure response has not yet been investigated. The objective of this study was to compare the impact of AIs and PIs during resistance exercises with the magnitude of postexercise hypotension (PEH). Elderly hypertensive women (n = 21, 61.2 ± 2 years of age) completed 4 sessions for upper or lower limbs with AI or PI (3 sets, 15 repetitions, 60% load of 15 repetition maximum (RM), and an interval of 90 seconds between sets). Blood pressure was measured 10 minutes before and at 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 minutes after the exercise sessions. The heart rate at the end of each AI was always significantly higher than that after the PI, but the perceived exertion as measured by the Perceived Exertion Scale (OMNI-RPE) was similar to that of PI exercise protocols. In the lower limb exercises, AI resulted in significantly and consistently higher PEH than in exercises with PI for both systolic (from 20 minutes postexercise) and diastolic (from 10 minutes postexercise) pressures. The upper limb exercises promoted much more discrete PEH in relation to the lower limb exercises, given that the AI promoted significantly higher PEH relative to the PI protocols, but only for systolic PEH and only from 30 minutes postexercise. This is the first time that AIs between sets in a session of resistance exercises have been shown to be a highly effective methodological strategy to increase PEH in elderly hypertensive women.

Agreement and reliability of two non-invasive methods for assessing cervical range of motion among young adults.

BACKGROUND: Cervical range of motion (CROM) is a fundamental component of the functional evaluation in physical therapy interventions. The CROM device stands out as a reliable, non-invasive and easy-to-use method, but it is a very expensive tool. In clinical practice, more affordable tools such as Fleximeters are preferred. However, the reliability of Fleximeters for the cervical spine has not been adequately tested. OBJECTIVES: To compare the Fleximeters and the CROM device for the analysis of CROM, and to investigate the intra- and inter-examiner reliability of both tools. METHODS: Cervical movements (flexion, extension, lateral flexion and rotation) were assessed in 20 asymptomatic young women by three examiners using both tools. The statistical analyses were performed using the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS: The agreement between the tools was considered moderate for flexion and left rotation (0.71; 0.58) and excellent for all of the other movements (0.76-0.87). The intra-examiner reliability for the CROM device was moderate for flexion and right rotation (0.70; 0.69) and excellent for all of the other movements (0.79-0.88). For the Fleximeter, the agreement was excellent for inclination and right rotation (0.80; 0.77) and moderate for all of the other movements (0.69-0.75). The inter-examiner reliability for the CROM device was excellent for all movements (0.76-0.93) and for the Fleximeter, it was moderate for right and left rotation (0.66; 0.75) and excellent for all of the other movements (0.81-0.88). CONCLUSIONS: There was agreement between the CROM assessments using the Fleximeter and the CROM device. Furthermore, both devices showed acceptable reliability for clinical practice.

Concordância e confiabilidade de dois métodos não-invasivos para a avaliação da amplitude de movimento cervical em adultos jovens / Agreement and reliability of two non-invasive methods for assessing cervical range of motion among young adults

CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO: A amplitude de movimento (ADM) cervical é fundamental na avaliação funcional e na intervenção fisioterapêutica. O Cervical Range of Motion (CROM) destaca-se por ser um método confiável, não invasivo e de fácil manuseio, porém de alto custo. Na prática clínica, opta-se por aparelhos mais acessíveis, como o Flexímetro, cuja confiabilidade ainda não foi adequadamente testada para o segmento cervical. OBJETIVOS: Comparar o Flexímetro com o CROM na análise da ADM cervical e verificar a confiabilidade intra e interexaminadores de ambas as ferramentas. MÉTODOS: Os movimentos cervicais de flexão, extensão, inclinação lateral e rotação foram mensurados, com ambas as ferramentas, por três examinadores em 20 indivíduos jovens, do sexo feminino, assintomáticos. A análise estatística foi realizada pelo Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse (ICC). RESULTADOS: A concordância entre as ferramentas foi considerada moderada nos movimentos de flexão e rotação esquerda (0,71;0,58) e excelente nos demais movimentos (0,76-0,87). A confiabilidade intraexaminadores com o CROM foi moderada para os movimentos de flexão e rotação direita (0,70; 0,69) e excelente para os demais movimentos (0,79-0,88); com o Flexímetro, foi excelente para inclinação e rotação direita (0,80; 0,77) e moderada para os demais movimentos (0,69-0,75). A confiabilidade interexaminadores com o CROM foi excelente em todos os movimentos (0,76-0,93) e, com o Flexímetro, foi moderada para os movimentos de rotação direita e esquerda (0,66; 0,75) e excelente para os demais movimentos (0,81-0,88). CONCLUSÕES: Os valores obtidos na avaliação da ADM cervical feita pelo Flexímetro concordam com aqueles mensurados pelo CROM. Além disso, ambas as ferramentas apresentam confiabilidades aceitáveis para a prática clínica.

BACKGROUND: Cervical range of motion (CROM) is a fundamental component of the functional evaluation in physical therapy interventions. The CROM device stands out as a reliable, non-invasive and easy-to-use method, but it is a very expensive tool. In clinical practice, more affordable tools such as Fleximeters are preferred. However, the reliability of Fleximeters for the cervical spine has not been adequately tested. OBJECTIVES: To compare the Fleximeters and the CROM device for the analysis of CROM, and to investigate the intra- and inter-examiner reliability of both tools. METHODS: Cervical movements (flexion, extension, lateral flexion and rotation) were assessed in 20 asymptomatic young women by three examiners using both tools. The statistical analyses were performed using the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS: The agreement between the tools was considered moderate for flexion and left rotation (0.71; 0.58) and excellent for all of the other movements (0.76-0.87). The intra-examiner reliability for the CROM device was moderate for flexion and right rotation (0.70; 0.69) and excellent for all of the other movements (0.79-0.88). For the Fleximeter, the agreement was excellent for inclination and right rotation (0.80; 0.77) and moderate for all of the other movements (0.69-0.75). The inter-examiner reliability for the CROM device was excellent for all movements (0.76-0.93) and for the Fleximeter, it was moderate for right and left rotation (0.66; 0.75) and excellent for all of the other movements (0.81-0.88). CONCLUSIONS: There was agreement between the CROM assessments using the Fleximeter and the CROM device. Furthermore, both devices showed acceptable reliability for clinical practice.