ABSTRACT
AIM: To evaluate frequency and clinical features of CMV infection in patients with hematological malignancies (HM) after autologous and allogeneic stem cell transplantation, protective and therapeutic methods, efficiency of CMV hyperimmune immunoglobulin cytotest (Biotest Pharma). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The trial enrolled 22 patients (group 1) with HM and severe aplastic anemia after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, 58 patients (group 2) with HM after autologous stem cell transplantation. The patients were examined for CMV infection by serologic methods and PCR. RESULTS: The probabilities of CMV infection were greater in group 1 than group 2--10/22(45%) versus 12/58 (21%), p < 0.05. Clinical signs of CMV disease were pneumonitis (27%), hepatitis (32%), gastroenteritis (9%), haemorrhagic cystitis (55%), slow engraftment (59%), prolonged thrombocytopenia (68%), encephalitis (5%). Six (60%) patients with CMV infection after allogeneic and 1(8%) patient with CMV infections after autologous stem cell transplantation were dead. The cytotest after allogeneic transplantation of the bone marrow reduced the risk of CMV infection from 62 to 36%. CONCLUSION: CMV infection influences prognosis both in allogeneic and autologous transplantation of hemopoietic stem cells. Cytotest lowers the risk of CMV development after transplantation of allogeneic bone marrow.
Subject(s)
Bone Marrow Transplantation/adverse effects , Cytomegalovirus Infections/epidemiology , Hematologic Neoplasms/therapy , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Cytomegalovirus Infections/diagnosis , Cytomegalovirus Infections/drug therapy , Cytomegalovirus Infections/prevention & control , Humans , Immunoglobulins/therapeutic use , Immunoglobulins, Intravenous , Infant , Middle Aged , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Risk Factors , Serologic Tests , Transplantation, Autologous , Transplantation, HomologousABSTRACT
Immunologic characteristics were studied in 103 patients with multiple myeloma, acute leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia and non-Hodgkin's disease following in vitro exposure of blood to a low-intensity static field (SF) and alternating field (AF) or pulsating magnetic field (PF). In a SF-AF study of multiple myeloma, a 30 min exposure had a positive effect on expression of tumor cells and T-cell markers and stimulated the regulatory function of T-lymphocytes. With SF-AF and PF application alternating, the expression of both +CD3 and +CD4 and the +CD3/+CD4 ratio increased suggesting the lowering of immunological deficiency. In acute leukemia, a combined application of the magnetic fields had an effect on the helper activity of the T-lymphocyte subpopulation. The phagocytic activity of leukocytes increased significantly while their digestive ability rose to a moderate degree.
Subject(s)
Electromagnetic Fields , Hematologic Diseases/therapy , Leukocytes/immunology , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Acute Disease , Antigens, CD/immunology , Case-Control Studies , Humans , In Vitro Techniques , Leukemia/therapy , Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/therapy , Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/therapy , Multiple Myeloma/therapyABSTRACT
Immunologic parameters were studied in 54 patients with myeloma multiplex (MM), acute leukosis (AL), non-Hodgkin's disease (NHD) before and after in vitro exposure of these patients' blood to weak constant magnetic field (CMF) and CMF in combination with variable magnetic field (VMF). Blood irradiation with CMF over 60 min in AL and MM patients brought about in some cases enhancement of the expression of +CD3, +CD4 and CD8 together with augmentation of the immunoregulatory index. At the same time phagocytic activity of leucocytes got increased as did digesting capability and index of completeness of phagocytosis, i.e. exposure to CMF prevents a blockade of receptors for neutrophilic complement, increases their phagocytic activity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. In studying immunocompetent cells of NHD patients' blood, T-helpers were found out to be moderately decreased, with T-suppressors to a greater extent so. Study of CMF and VMF effects on MM and AL patients' blood has shown an immunocorrective action thereof though to a lesser extent so.
