New Research Progress of Modified Bone Cement Applied to Vertebroplasty.

Percutaneous vertebroplasty and percutaneous kyphoplasty are effective methods to treat acute osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures that can quickly provide patients with pain relief, prevent further height loss of the vertebral body, and help correct kyphosis. Many clinical studies have investigated the characteristics of bone cement. Bone cement is a biomaterial injected into the vertebral body that must have good biocompatibility and biosafety. The optimization of the characteristics of bone cement has become of great interest. Bone cement can be mainly divided into 3 types: polymethyl methacrylate, calcium phosphate cement, and calcium sulfate cement. Each type of cement has its own advantages and disadvantages. In the past 10 years, the performance of bone cement has been greatly improved via different methods. The aim of our review is to provide an overview of the current progress in the types of modified bone cement and summarize the key clinical findings.

Progress in Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty for Vertebral Compression Fracture / 现代生物医学进展

The vast majority of vertebral compression fractures are caused by osteoporosis and vertebral tumor,which lead to the pain of a fracture and intervertebral height lost.In recent 20 years,the use of percutaneous vertebroplasty and percutaneous kyphoplasty,a kind of minimally invasive surgery method intended for the vertebral compression fractures,are rising up for patients with vertebral compression fractures,which can quickly relieve patients' pain and restore injured vertebral deformities.Percutaneous vertebroplasty injects bone cement into fractures through a small incision.However,percutaneous kyphoplasty injects a balloon into a fracture to make a cavity by expending and shrinking,which is filled with filler material,and then removes the balloon,and injects bone cement.This article mainly reviews development,curative effect and safety,clinical application and future aspects.of the percutaneous vertebroplasty and percutaneous kyphoplasty.

Clinical application of a novel posterior lumbar fusion method and the short-term observation of its effect / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To increase local blood supply of bone graft, a novel posterior lumbar spine fusion method with orthotopic paraspinal muscle-pediculated bone flaps was constructed, and the fusion rate and clinical effect.were observed.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From June 2007 to December 2010, 117 patients of lumbar spinal stenosis or lumbar destabilization treated with the novel posterior lumbar fusion method were studied, 49 males and 68 females, aged from 40 to 77 years, average 61.5 years. Clinical effect was evaluated by JOA and VAS score preoperatively and postoperatively, and the fusion result was evaluated by three-dimensional CT reconstruction postoperatively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seventeen cases lost of follow up, the rest were followed up from 7 to 38 months, average 19 months. There was significant difference between pre- and postoperative JOA and VAS score (P < 0.01), the preoperative JOA score was 10.3 ± 1.9, and 25.4 ± 4.2 at the latest follow-up, the improvement rate was 81.0% ; the preoperative VAS score was 8.5 ± 0.8, and 2.3 ± 0.4 at the latest follow-up. The three-dimensional CT reconstruction showed that 126 of the 133 segments formed solid fusion in 100 patients who completed the follow-up, the fusion rate was 94.7%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The novel posterior lumbar fusion method make the bone graft position more precise, stable and increases the fusion rate, which can effectively reduce pseudarthrosis and have a promising clinical effect.</p>

Study on the temporal change of properties of genipin crosslinked gelatin / 生物医学工程学杂志

Investigated the changes of crosslinking index, swelling ratio, degradation rate and cytotoxicity of genipin crosslinked gelatin accompany with crosslinking time. 1% genipin crosslinked gelatin were divided into 7 groups by crosslinking time: 10 min group, 30 min group, 1 h group, 2 h group, 12 h group, 24 h group, 72 h group. The results proved that genipin could crosslink gelatin effectively. Accompany with increasing of crosslinking time, crosslinking index increased, and swelling ratio, degradation rate decreased. In 10 min group, crosslinking index was low(26.7%), swelling ratio was high, (265%), completely degraded within 1 week. This indicated that biomaterials of 10 min group was instable and degraded easily. Compared with 10 min group, biomaterials of 30 min group changed significantly with crosslinking index(45.7%), swelling ratio (206%) and degration rate (completely degraded between 4 weeks and 8 weeks). This indicated that genipin could change the properties of gelatin within 30 min. Biomaterials after 30 min, crosslinking index increased, and swelling ratio, degradation rate decreased gradually accompanied with increasing of crosslinking time. Biomaterials of 72 h, crosslinking index was 73.1%, swelling ratio was 152%, and degradated 18.9% after 12 weeks. RGR (relative cell growth rate) of every group measured by MTT assay changed between 87.9% and 105.4%, indicated that the cytotoxicity of genipin crosslinked gelatin was very low.