ABSTRACT
AIM: To systematically review the available evidence from research exploring the image of nurses in the media. BACKGROUND: Nurses have historically faced many challenges and have received media attention for such efforts. However, the image of nursing traditionally conveyed by media has failed to represent the real character and a positive image of the nursing profession. REVIEW METHODS: For this scoping literature review, a search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Dialnet to identify studies written in English, Spanish or Portuguese from the earliest date in the databases until February 2022. Four authors were involved in a two-stage screening process. Data were subjected to quantitative content analysis. A decade-by-decade analysis was performed to track the evolution of the research. RESULTS: Sixty studies were included. The analysis shows (1) an increasing interest in analysing the portrayal of nurses and nursing in media over time, especially from 2000 onwards; (2) a prevailing trend of focusing on one form of media when analysing the portrayal of nurses; (3) qualitative designs as the most frequent method for exploring the image of nursing; and (4) a predominantly negative image conveyed by media. CONCLUSIONS: There is a notable body of scientific evidence about the image of nurses and nursing portrayed in media. The interest in analysing media depictions of nursing has a long history. The included studies' samples showed heterogeneity, as they were obtained from different media, periods and countries. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING: This scoping review is the first systematic review to provide a comprehensive map of what has been studied thus far regarding media depictions of nursing. It confirms the imperative need for nurses in different settings (academic, assistance or management fields) to maintain a proactive attitude towards addressing images of nursing and ensuring accurate representations.
Subject(s)
Mass Media , Nurses , Humans , NursingABSTRACT
Esta investigación analiza la cobertura mediática de la crisis del Covid-19 en España, y el papel que en ella ha tenido la comunicación sobre salud y sobre los profesionales sanitarios. Se estudia el tratamiento recibido por las fuentes y temas sanitarios en los informativos de Radiotelevisión Española (RTVE) emitidos entre el 31 diciembre 2019 y el 8 junio 2020. Para ello, se realiza un análisis de contenido cuantitativo de 452 noticias de 21 informativos. Los resultados muestran que los debates de política y los propios políticos ocupan más espacio como tema y fuentes, respectivamente, en los informativos analizados, por delante de la salud y de los profesionales sanitarios. El estudio confirma, por tanto, la falta de visibilidad de los profesionales de salud en la cobertura informativa televisiva en España sobre el Covid-19. (AU)
Esta pesquisa analisa a cobertura mediática da crise do Covid-19 na Espanha e o papel que a comunicação sobre a saúde e os profissionais de saúde nela tiveram. É estudado o tratamento recebido pelas fontes e questões de saúde nos telejornais da Radiotelevisión (RTVE) da Espanha, transmitidos entre 31 de dezembro de 2019 e 8 de junho de 2020. Para isso, é realizada uma análise quantitativa do conteúdo de 452 notícias de um total de 21 telejornais. Os resultados mostram que os debates sobre políticas e os próprios políticos ocupam mais espaço como tema e fontes, respectivamente, nos noticiários analisados, à frente dos profissionais de saúde e dos profissionais de saúde. O estudo, portanto, confirma a falta de visibilidade dos profissionais de saúde na cobertura noticiosa da televisão na Espanha sobre o Covid-19. (AU)
This study is an analysis on the Spanish media coverage of the Covid-19 crisis and the role of information on health and healthcare professionals within it. We studied the treatment given to healthcare sources and topics in news broadcasts released by Radiotelevisión Española (RTVE) between December 31, 2019, and June 8, 2020. To this end, we conducted a quantitative content analysis on 452 news items from 21 news broadcasts. The results showed that debates on political issues were the main topics and politicians were the main sources, in the broadcasts analyzed, ahead of health issues and healthcare professionals. Our study thus confirms the lack of visibility of healthcare professionals in the television news coverage of the Covid-19 crisis in Spain. (AU)
