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1.
Rev Clin Esp (Barc) ; 218(4): 163-169, 2018 May.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29499984

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of a multidimensional intervention on the prognosis at 30 days for frail elderly patients discharged from a short-stay unit. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A quasiexperimental study was conducted with a historical control cohort. We included frail patients (Identification of Seniors at Risk score≥2) 75 years of age or older, discharged from an short-stay unit over 2 months in 2013 (control group) and in 2016 (intervention group). An intervention was conducted based on the activation of resources, based on the deficiencies detected after an abbreviated geriatric assessment, in conjunction with Primary Care. The main endpoint was the presence of an adverse result (death or readmission for any cause or severe functional impairment) at 30 days of discharge. RESULTS: We included 137 (62.8%) patients in the intervention group and 81 (37.2%) in the control group. Eighteen (13.1%) patients in the intervention group and 29 (35.8%) in the control group presented an adverse event at 30 days. A multivariate analysis showed that the implementation of a multidimensional intervention was a protective factor for presenting an adverse event at 30 days of discharge (adjusted RR 0.40; 95% CI 0.23-0.68; P=.001). CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of an individual care plan for frail elderly patients, based on the activation of resources according to the deficiencies detected after an abbreviated geriatric assessment and in conjunction with Primary Care, could improve the results at 30 days of discharge from an short-stay unit.

3.
An Sist Sanit Navar ; 35(2): 207-17, 2012.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22948422

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: To develop a prediction model for in-hospital admission to provide an almost "real time" determination of hospital beds needed, so as to predict the resources required as early as possible. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective observational study in the emergency department of a university hospital. We included all consecutive patients between 8.00-22.00 hours during one month. We analyzed 7 variables taken when the patient arrived at the emergency department: age, sex, level of triage, initial disposition, first diagnosis, diagnostic test and medication, and we performed a logistic regression. RESULTS: We included 2,476 visits of which 114 (4.6%) were admitted. A significant direct correlation was seen between: age >65 years old (odds ratio[OR]=2.1, confidence interval [CI] 95%,1.3-3.2; p=0.001); male sex (OR=1.6, IC 95%,1.1-2.4; p=0.020); dyspnea (OR=5.2, IC 95%, 2.8-9.7; p<0.0001), abdominal pain (OR=4.7, IC 95%, 2.7-8.3; p<0.0001); acute care initial disposition (OR=8.9, IC 95%, 5.4-14.9; p<0.0001), diagnostic test (OR=1.1, IC 95%,0.9-1.3; p=0.064) and treatment prescription (OR=2.6, IC95%,1.6-4.2; p=<0.0001). The model had a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of 82% (area under curve 0.85 [IC 95% 0.81-0.88; p<0.001]). CONCLUSIONS: The in-hospital admission prediction model is a good and useful tool for predicting the in-hospital beds needed when patients arrive at the emergency department.


Subject(s)
Emergency Service, Hospital , Models, Statistical , Patient Admission/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Forecasting , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Young Adult
4.
An. sist. sanit. Navar ; 35(2): 207-217, mayo-ago. 2012. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-103763

ABSTRACT

Fundamento. Desarrollar un modelo de predicción de ingreso hospitalario a la llegada del paciente al servicio de Urgencias, con el fin de conocer la necesidad de camas hospitalarias casi a tiempo real, y así prever los recursos asistenciales necesarios de forma precoz. Material y métodos. Estudio observacional de cohorte prospectivo. Se incluyeron todos los pacientes consecutivos filiados para el triaje entre las 8-22 horas del servicio de Urgencias de un hospital terciario durante un mes. Se analizaron 7 variables a la llegada del paciente, que pudieran influir en el ingreso: edad, sexo, nivel de gravedad según el triaje, ubicación inicial, diagnóstico de entrada, solicitud de prueba complementaria y prescripción de medicación. Serealizó un estudio multivariable según regresión logística. Resultados. Se incluyeron 2.476 episodios de los que 114 (4,6%) ingresaron. Se asociaron de forma significativa: edad>65 años (Odds ratio [OR]=2,1, intervalo de confianza [IC] 95%, 1,3-3,2; p=0,001); sexo masculino (OR=1,6, IC 95%, 1,1-2,4;p=0,020). Diagnóstico de entrada disnea: (OR=5,2, IC 95%, 2,8-9,7; p<0,0001); dolor abdominal (OR=4,7, IC 95%, 2,7-8,3; p<0,0001); ubicación inicial en sala de agudos (OR=8,9, IC95%, 5,4-14,9; p<0,0001); solicitud de pruebas complementarias (OR=1,1, IC95%, 0,9-1,3; p=0,064) y prescripción de tratamiento (OR=2,6, IC 95%,1,6-4,2; p=<0,0001). Con dichas variables se diseñó un modelo matemático que tenía una sensibilidad del 76% y una especificidad del 82% (área bajo la curva es de 0,85 [IC 95% 0,81-0,88; p<0,001]). Conclusiones. El modelo de predicción de ingreso es una herramienta que puede ser de utilidad a la hora de preverla necesidad del recurso cama hospitalaria a la llegada del paciente al servicio de Urgencias(AU)


Background. To develop a prediction model for in-hospital admission to provide an almost «real time» determination of hospital beds needed, so as to predict the resources required as early as possible. Material and methods. A prospective observational study in the emergency department of a university hospital. We included all consecutive patients between 8.00-22.00hours during one month. We analyzed 7 variables taken when the patient arrived at the emergency department: age, sex, level of triage, initial disposition, first diagnosis, diagnostic test and medication, and we performed a logistic regression. Results. We included 2,476 visits of which 114 (4.6%) were admitted. A significant direct correlation was seen between: age >65 years old (odds ratio[OR]=2.1, confidence interval[CI] 95%, 1.3-3.2; p=0.001); male sex (OR=1.6, IC 95%, 1.1-2.4;p=0.020); dyspnea (OR=5.2, IC 95%, 2.8-9.7; p<0.0001), abdominal pain (OR=4.7, IC 95%, 2.7-8.3; p<0.0001); acute care initial disposition (OR=8.9, IC 95%, 5.4-14.9; p<0.0001), diagnostic test (OR=1.1, IC 95%, 0.9-1.3; p=0.064) and treatment prescription (OR=2.6, IC95%, 1.6-4.2; p=<0.0001). The model had a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of 82% (area under curve 0.85 [IC 95% 0.81-0.88; p<0.001]). Conclusions. The in-hospital admission prediction model is a good and useful tool for predicting the in-hospital beds needed when patients arrive at the emergency department(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Admitting Department, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Forecasting/methods , Triage/methods , Emergency Medical Services/statistics & numerical data , Emergency Treatment/methods , Hospital Bed Capacity/statistics & numerical data , Prospective Studies , Severity of Illness Index , Risk Factors , Age Factors , Abdominal Pain/epidemiology , Dyspnea/epidemiology
9.
Emergencias (St. Vicenç dels Horts) ; 23(1): 47-58, feb. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-97167

ABSTRACT

El síncope puede ser en ocasiones el resultado o aviso de patologías potencialmente graves y en ocasiones mortales. Los servicios de urgencias (SU) son primordiales para estratificar el riesgo de los pacientes con síncope. La historia clínica dirigida la exploración física y el Electrocardiograma de 12 derivaciones (ECG) identifican las causas del síncope en la mitad de los pacientes. Hay una serie de alteraciones, como anormalidades en el ECG, Patología cardiaca previa, Presión arterial sistólica elevada, alteraciones del patrón respiratorio, descenso del hematocrito, edad avanzada, síncope de esfuerzo o la historia familiar de muerte súbita, que nos señalan a los pacientes de riesgo. La cardiopatía estructural y la enfermedad cardiaca congénita o eléctrica primaria son los principales factores de riesgo de muerte súbita cardiaca y de la mortalidad global en los pacientes con síncope. En estos pacientes la sensibilidad diagnóstica de las pruebas convencionales disponibles es aún hoy en día escasa. La Muerte súbita cardiaca (MSC) normalmente se debe a taquicardia/fibrilación ventricular sostenidas. La causa más frecuente es cardiopatía isquémica, pero en el grupo de pacientes menores de 35 años existen una serie de enfermedades que constituyen la causa más prevalente de MSC. En los últimos dos años el desarrollo de los estudios genéticos cardiovasculares puede haber abierto una vía diagnóstica en un grupo de pacientes con enfermedades congénitas cardiacas que les predisponen a MSC. Enfermedades como la Displasia arritmogénica del ventrículo derecho (DAVD), la Miocardiopatía Hipertrófica obstructiva (MHC),el Síndrome del QT Largo congénito (SQTLC), la Taquicardia Ventricular Catecolaminérgica, el Síndrome de Wolf-parkinson-White (WPW) o el Síndrome de Brugada se analizan en esta revisión (AU)


Syncope may be a warning sign of potentially serious and even life-threatening medical conditions. Emergency service expertise is essential for assessing risk in patients with syncope. A focused medical history and a physical examination that includes a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) will identify the causes of syncope in half the patients. Patients at riskare those with certain ECG abnormalities, a history of heart disease, elevated systolic pressure, changes in breathing pattern, a fall in the hematocrit level, older age, exercise-induced syncope, or a family history of sudden death. Structural heart disease (congenital heart disease or primary electrical abnormalities) are the main risk factors of sudden cardiacdeath (SCD) and all mortality in patients with syncope. The diagnostic sensitivity of conventional tests remains low in these patients. SCD is normally due to sustained tachycardia (ventricular fibrillation). The most common cause overall is ischemic heart disease, but in patients under the age of 35 years a series of diseases have been implicated as the most frequent causes. The past 2 years have seen studies of genetic factors involved in cardiovascular disease that have suggested the possibility of diagnosis for certain patients with congenital heart diseases that predispose them to SCD. This review includes discussions of such conditions as arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, congenital long QT syndrome, catecholaminergic ventricular tachycardia, Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome, or Brugada syndrome (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Death, Sudden, Cardiac/prevention & control , Physical Exertion , Sports , Emergency Medical Services/methods , Risk Factors , Syncope/complications , Heart Defects, Congenital/epidemiology , Genetic Predisposition to Disease
10.
An Sist Sanit Navar ; 33 Suppl 1: 47-54, 2010.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20508677

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To study the behavioural differences between scheduled and emergency admissions in the processes most prevalent in Spanish hospitals and their relationship with the age of patients, comparing 2002 and 2007. METHODS: Observational and descriptive design for those years. Diagnostic related groups (DRGs) were classified into high prevalence (the 25 most frequent) and the rest; four subgroups were prepared according to this (high or low) and admission (elective or not). Mean length of stay was analyzed, together with relative weight, number of diagnoses and procedures and mortality by age, using the Student and/or ANOVA tests for quantitative variables and Pearson's chi(2) qualitative comparison of means and proportions for tabular data, assuming statistical significance at p <0.05. RESULTS: The high prevalence and emergency admission subgroup has higher age, ratio of males, mean length of stay, mortality, number of diagnoses and procedures (all p <0.0001), in both 2002 and 2007. The complexity and resource consumption measured by such variables peaks in the 65-69 and 70-74 cohorts respectively, with emergency admission. CONCLUSIONS: There are clear differences between the processes according to their prevalence and accessibility; priority must be given to knowledge and information on the most frequent and urgent admissions to improve the effectiveness, efficiency and quality.


Subject(s)
Emergencies/epidemiology , Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence
11.
An. sist. sanit. Navar ; 33(supl.1): 47-54, ene.-abr. 2010. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-88204

ABSTRACT

Objetivos. Estudiar las diferencias de comportamientoentre ingresos urgentes y programados en los procesosmás prevalentes y el resto en la casuística hospitalariaespañola y su relación con la edad de los pacientes,comparando los años 2002 y 2007.Métodos. Diseño observacional y descriptivo duranteesos años. Se clasifican los grupos relacionados de diagnóstico(GRD) en alta prevalencia (25 más frecuentes)y resto, se confeccionan cuatro subgrupos según ésta(alta o baja) e ingreso (electivo o no). Se analiza estanciamedia, peso relativo, número de diagnósticos y procedimientosy mortalidad en función de la edad, por mediodel test de Student y/o ANOVA, según proceda, para variablescuantitativas y el de χ2 de Pearson para cualitativas,comparando ambas según análisis de datos ya tabulados.Se asume significación estadística para p<0,05.Resultados. El subgrupo de alta prevalencia e ingresourgente presenta mayor edad, proporción de varones,estancia media, mortalidad, número de diagnósticosy procedimientos (todo con p<0,0001), tanto en 2002como en 2007. La gravedad, complejidad y consumode recursos –medidos con esas variables– alcanza sumáximo en las cohortes de 65-69 y 70-74 años, respectivamente,con ingreso urgente.Conclusiones. Existen claras diferencias entre los procesos,según su prevalencia y acceso, y debe priorizarseel conocimiento y la información de los más frecuentesy urgentes para mejorar la efectividad, la eficienciay la calidad(AU)


Objectives. To study the behavioural differences betweenscheduled and emergency admissions in the processesmost prevalent in Spanish hospitals and theirrelationship with the age of patients, comparing 2002and 2007.Methods. Observational and descriptive design forthose years. Diagnostic related groups (DRGs) wereclassified into high prevalence (the 25 most frequent)and the rest; four subgroups were prepared accordingto this (high or low) and admission (elective or not).Mean length of stay was analyzed, together with relativeweight, number of diagnoses and procedures andmortality by age, using the Student and/or ANOVA testsfor quantitative variables and Pearson’s χ2 qualitativecomparison of means and proportions for tabular data,assuming statistical significance at p <0.05.Results. The high prevalence and emergency admissionsubgroup has higher age, ratio of males, mean lengthof stay, mortality, number of diagnoses and procedures(all p <0.0001), in both 2002 and 2007. The complexityand resource consumption measured by such variablespeaks in the 65-69 and 70-74 cohorts respectively, withemergency admission.Conclusions. There are clear differences between theprocesses according to their prevalence and accessibility;priority must be given to knowledge and informationon the most frequent and urgent admissions toimprove the effectiveness, efficiency and quality(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Emergency Medical Services/statistics & numerical data , Emergency Treatment/statistics & numerical data , 34002 , Diagnosis-Related Groups , Morbidity/trends
12.
Emergencias (St. Vicenç dels Horts) ; 21(4): 287-294, jul.-ago. 2009. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-61673

ABSTRACT

Actualmente la Telemedicina (TM) es una realidad en el trabajo diario de muchas especialidades médicas. El desarrollo y el aumento de la disponibilidad de las nuevas tecnologías de información y comunicación, junto con la flexibilidad de conectividad de los equipamientos médicos hace posible la asistencia médica de pacientes que tienen dificultades de acceso a un centro hospitalario. Una de las aplicaciones más importantes dela TM es la asistencia en Medicina de Urgencias. La experiencia acumulada por distintas especialidades médicas ha permitido un gran aumento de las posibilidades de atención urgente en las que la TM puede ser aplicable tanto en el entorno hospitalario como lejos del hospital. Además, las características propias de la atención sanitaria de urgencia, como son la necesidad de rapidez y de fiabilidad en el diagnóstico, hace que cada vez se requieran más y mejores equipamientos y soluciones. El incremento de la comunicación entre especialistas de urgencias con otras especialidades puede permitir mejores diagnósticos con la consiguiente disminución de la morbi-mortalidad en los pacientes que se atienden de urgencia. El presente trabajo revisa la aplicabilidad de la TM en urgencias, así como la tecnología implicada en ello (AU)


Telemedicine has today been incorporated into routine practice in many medical specialties. Advances in new information and communication technologies, along with the greater accessibility of these technologies and improvements in the connectivity of medical equipment, now facilitate the care of patients who have difficulties visiting a hospital or clinic. One of the most important applications of telemedicine is its use in emergency care. The experience gained in other medical specialties has greatly increased the range of emergency medical care situations in which telemedicine can be used both inside the hospital and in remote locations. Moreover, the particular characteristics of emergency medical care, such as the need for speed and a reliable diagnosis, mean that there is ever growing demand for more and better equipment and solutions. Increased communication between emergency professionals and other specialist clinicians could facilitate improved diagnosis and a consequent reduction in morbidity and mortality among patients attending emergency departments. The aim of this paper is to review the potential applications of telemedicine in emergency care and the necessary technological infrastructure (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Emergency Medical Services/methods , Emergency Treatment/methods , Telemedicine/methods , /trends , Access to Information , Information Technology
13.
Emergencias (St. Vicenç dels Horts) ; 20(1): 41-47, feb. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-058797

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar la necesidad de intervención de un facultativo en el triaje, para identificar al paciente potencialmente de alta complejidad en un servicio de urgencias que tiene implantado el sistema de triaje de Manchester (MTS). Método: Estudio observacional prospectivo, que seleccionó a los pacientes clasificados como muy urgentes (nivel 2 o naranja) y urgentes (nivel 3 o amarillo), según el MTS, en la Unidad de Primera Asistencia (UPA) del Servicio de Urgencias (SU) durante un periodo de 12 horas, para ser valorados por un médico adjunto con experiencia que decidió la ubicación inmediata según criterios médicos en una sala de agudos o en consultas de la UPA. La validez de la decisión fue establecida por el destino de los pacientes una vez visitados y medida por su índice de ingreso. Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 100 pacientes, de los que 45 se seleccionaron para el estudio: 10 (22,22%) ubicables por el MTS en la sala de agudos como muy urgentes o naranjas y 35 (77,78%) ubicables por el MTS en la consulta de la UPA como urgentes o amarillos. El índice de ingreso de los pacientes ubicables en sala de agudos según el MTS, fue del 40% (N = 4) y el de los ubicables en consulta de la UPA del 20% (N = 7) (p = 0,23). El facultativo de triaje ubicó 12 pacientes (26,67%) en sala de agudos, 4 (8,89%) por requerir procedimientos técnicos y 8 (17,78%) por su complejidad y 33 pacientes (73,33%) en consulta de la UPA. El índice de ingreso de los pacientes ubicados, según criterio del facultativo, en sala de agudos por su complejidad fue del 87,5% (N = 7) y el de los ubicados en consulta de la UPA del 12,1% (N = 4) (p < 0,001). Conclusiones: La escasa capacidad del MTS para detectar los pacientes potencialmente complejos hace necesaria la intervención de un facultativo que asegure la ubicación inmediata de los pacientes, adecuando los servicios disponibles a la medida de las necesidades individuales y, por tanto, optimizando los recursos (AU)


Aim: To assess the need of a physician on the ED triage, with the aim of identifying high-complexity patients using Manchester Triage System (MTS) at an Emergency Department. Methods: Prospective observational study which enrolled all patients classified as very urgent (level 2 or orange) and urgent (level 3 or yellow) by the MTS in the First Assistance Unit (FAU) of the Emergency Department during a period of 12 hours, to be assessed by an experimented physician who decided the immediate location in an acute care or FAU area based on medical criteria. The validity of the decision was established according to the destiny of the patients once visited and measured by the admission index. Results: The study included 100 patients, 45 of whom were eligible for the study, 10 (22.22%) placed by the MTS in acute care area as very urgent or orange and 35 (77.78%) in FAU area as urgent or yellow. The admission index of patients placed in acute care area by MTS was 40% (N=4) and in those placed in FAU area was 20% (N=7) (p=0.23). The triage physician placed 12 patients (26.67%) in an acute care area, 4 (8.89%) due to technical procedures and 8 (17.78%) due to their complexity and 33 patients (73.33%) in a FAU area. According to the physician criteria, the admission index of the patients placed in an acute care area due to their complexity was 87.5% (N=7) and of those placed in FAU 12.1% (N=4) (p<0,000). Conclusions: The low capacity of the MTS to detect patients with potential high-complexity, makes the assessment of the physician necessary to guarantee the immediate location, adapting available services to individual necessities and therefore, optimising the resources (AU)


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Humans , Emergency Service, Hospital , Physician's Role , Triage , Tertiary Healthcare , Prospective Studies , Triage/methods , Patient Selection
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