ABSTRACT
Objetivo: explorar y comprender necesidades, expectativas y valoración de la calidad desde el punto de vista de los pacientes cuando buscan información sobre salud en internet. Diseño: Investigación cualitativa con grupos focales. Emplazamiento: Centro de Salud Profesor Jesús Marín, Molina de Segura. Región de Murcia. Participantes: Tres grupos focales. Número = 17 participantes, 11 mujeres y 6 hombres, de entre 24 y 55 años, que habían usado recientemente internet para buscar información sobre salud. Método: muestreo de conveniencia con cuotas por edad y sexo. Grabación y transcripción de las discusiones grupales. Análisis de texto mediante segmentación, categorización e interpretación de los discursos. Triangulación por varios investigadores. Resultados: cuando los pacientes usan internet como fuente de información, valoran la accesibilidad, inmediatez y exhaustividad, así como la autonomía y el poder que les proporciona en su relación con el sistema sanitario. Los procesos de búsqueda son sencillos, breves, muy específicos y habitualmente se limitan a los resultados de la primera pantalla. Entre los criterios para seleccionar unas páginas web frente a otras, destacan su comprensibilidad, diseño y ausencia de publicidad. Para valorar la fiabilidad de la información, los pacientes utilizan como estrategias el contraste entre diversas fuentes y la intuición. Conclusiones: internet satisface necesidades no solo de información, sino de apoyo emocional y sitúa a los pacientes en un plano de igualdad con los profesionales. Para valorar la calidad y fiabilidad de la información encontrada, se utilizan criterios y estrategias que no coinciden con los que definen los profesionales. Globalmente, la experiencia de buscar en internet información sanitaria se percibe como muy positiva.(AU)
Objective: to explore and understand patients needs, expectations and quality evaluation when searching for health information on the internet. Design: qualitative research with focus groups. Location: Professor Jesús Marín Primary Care Centre, Molina de Segura. Region of Murcia. Participants: three focus groups. N = 17 participants, 11 women and 6 men, aged between 24 and 55, who had recently used the internet to search for health information. Method: non-probabilistic convenience sampling of patients from a Primary Care Centre. Recording and subsequent transcription of group discussions. Text analysis by means of segmentation, categorization and speech interpretation. Researchers triangulation analysis. Results: when patients use the internet as a source of health-related information, accessibility, immediacy and thoroughness are highly valued, as well as the autonomy and the power it provides them in their interactions with the health system. Online searches are simple, short, very specific and, most often, limited to the results displayed on the first screen. Amongst the criteria used when selecting some web pages over the others, there their comprehensibility, design and absence of advertising are notable. In order to assess the reliability of the information, patients strategies rely on both contrasting different sources and their intuition. Conclusions: the internet not only fulfils the need for information, but also for emotional support, placing patients on an equal footing with professionals. The criteria and strategies used to evaluate the quality and reliability of the information found do not coincide with those defined by professionals. Overall, the experience of online searching for health information is perceived as very positive.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Internet , Access to Information , Consumer Health Information , Health Communication , Reproducibility of Results , Focus Groups , Qualitative Research , Primary Health CareABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to assess the impact of an education intervention for primary health care physicians, based on the knowledge of clinical practice guidelines and availability of rapid antigen detection test for group A streptococci (GAS), on the improvement of antibiotic prescription for patients with acute respiratory tract infections. Before and after the intervention, physicians collected data from ten consecutive patients who attended during a 3-week period. This process was performed twice a year for 6 consecutive years (2012-2017). A total of 18,001 patients were visited by 391 primary care physicians during the study period, 55.6% before intervention and 44.4% after intervention. After intervention, the antibiotic prescription decreased significantly, from 33.0 to 23.4% (p < 0.01). However, there was a statistically significant increase (p < 0.01) in the use of penicillins. This study, carried out in daily practice conditions, confirms that the educational strategy was associated with an overall reduction in the use of antibiotics and an improvement in the antibiotic prescription profile in acute respiratory tract infections.
