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1.
Int J Nurs Sci ; 7(3): 344-348, 2020 Jul 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32817858

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To develop a method that measures nursing potential through the factor analysis of relevant nursing data and social context by taking maternal mortality as the study problem. METHODS: A Cross-sectional and analytical study, a multivariate analysis was performed. The Nursing Coverage Index, the Human Development Index, population density and the proportion of nurses with a bachelor's degree or upper degree, are studied by federative entity, only data from government sources are used. The Index of Nursing Qualification in Mexico (INQM) was constructed through principal component analysis. RESULTS: The highest correlation was between the INQM and the Nursing Coverage Prioritization Index (NCPI), which was 0.849 (P < 0.01) and showed a strong positive linear relationship. The Population Density Prioritization Index (PDPI) shows a strong positive correlation with the INQM (0.716, P < 0.01). Three factors were extracted by principal component analysis and the INQM was generated with the three main components in a model. There is very low correlation between INQM and maternal mortality rate (MMR) and no statistical significance was found. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that nursing qualification must include economic, geographic and social variables. The INQM is an indicator that summarises the potential of each federative entity. Given these results, a contribution is provided for the application of these indices, which can help determine nursing potential in a specific geographical region.

2.
Rev. enferm. Inst. Mex. Seguro Soc ; 25(4): 299-309, Octubre.-Dic. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1031353

ABSTRACT

Resumen


Introducción: la diabetes mellitus (DM2) es uno de los principales problemas de salud, debido a los altos costos de atención por su acelerado crecimiento, complicaciones, discapacidad o muerte temprana. El cuidado de enfermería es en sí la máxima expresión del humanismo que el gremio aporta a la salud y al bienestar de las personas; mejor aún, si este se vincula con el fundamento teórico disciplinar, se integran las bases epistémicas que coadyuvan a la consolidación profesional.


Desarrollo: el propósito del presente trabajo es construir una propuesta de plan domiciliario de autocuidado para pacientes adultos mayores ambulatorios con DM2 mediante la integración taxonómica de los diagnósticos de enfermería (NANDA), los resultados esperados (NOC) y las intervenciones de enfermería (NIC).


Conclusiones: la presente propuesta constituye una guía y su aplicación dependerá de las necesidades de cada paciente en lo individual, en el entorno familiar y en el de la atención a la salud. La expectativa de su aplicación es el cuidado domiciliario de las personas adultas mayores con DM2; su fundamento es la educación para el autocuidado de la persona y su familia, más allá del ámbito clínico hospitalario, con la participación de todos los involucrados, en acciones concretas a nivel familiar e individual.


Abstract


Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM2) is one of the main health problems, due to the high costs of care resulting from to its rapid growth, complications, disability and/or early death. Nursing care is in itself the highest expression of humanism that the guild brings to the health and well-being of people; better still, if this is linked to the theoretical disciplinary foundation, it is when the epis- temic bases that contribute to professional consolidation are integrated.


Development: The purpose of the present study is to construct a proposal for a self-care home plan for elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus through the taxonomic integration of nurs¬ing diagnoses (NANDA), expected results (NOC) and nursing interventions.


Conclusions: This proposal is a guide and its application will depend on the needs of each patient, their family and health care environments. The expectation of its application is the home care of the elderly with DM2; its foundation is the education for the self-care of the person and his family, beyond the hospital clinical scope, with the participation of all involved, in concrete actions at the family and individual level.


Subject(s)
Ambulatory Care , Self Care , Patient Compliance , Diabetes Mellitus , Nursing Diagnosis , Education , Home Health Nursing , Aged , Patients , Health Services for the Aged , Mexico , Humans
3.
Index enferm ; 26(1/2): 108-112, ene.-jun. 2017. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-167078

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el análisis de los índices, cobertura de enfermería y mortalidad por enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles aporta a los tomadores de decisiones información basada en evidencia. Objetivo: identificar el impacto que tiene la cobertura de atención de enfermería en la mortalidad por enfermedades crónicas no trasmisibles en México. Metodología: Estudio transversal analítico que utilizó información oficial de 2013 del Sistema Nacional de Salud sobre recursos humanos y daños a la salud. Resultados: se encontró que existe significancia estadística entre el índice de cobertura y la mortalidad, interpretándose que por cada punto porcentual que se incrementa la cobertura de enfermería disminuye la mortalidad en -.472. Conclusiones: el ejercicio de regresión lineal simple a nivel nacional demostró que existe significancia estadística entre cobertura y mortalidad ya que cuando se incrementa el primero, disminuye el segundo


Introduction: the analysis of the rates, nursing coverage and mortality from chronic non communicable diseases gives decision makers evidence-based information. Objective: to identify the impact of nursing care coverage in mortality from chronic non-communicable diseases in Mexico. Methodology: cross-sectional study using official data from the National Health System of human resources and damage to health of 2013. Results: it was found that there is statistical significance between the coverage ratio and mortality, interpreted that for every percentage point that nursing coverage increases mortality reduces in -.472. Conclusions: the simple linear regression exercise nationwide showed that there is statistical significance between coverage and mortality because when the first increases, the second diminishes


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Services Coverage/trends , Nursing Care/trends , Chronic Disease/nursing , Evidence-Based Nursing/trends , Mortality/trends , Chronic Disease/epidemiology
4.
Rev. enferm. Inst. Mex. Seguro Soc ; 25(2): 139-144, Abril.-Jun. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1031330

ABSTRACT

Resumen


En enfermería, sus teóricas disciplinares describen diferentes abordajes para el cuidado de las personas, recurriendo siempre al metaparadigma, obteniendo así una perspectiva teorizada del cuidado. En este sentido, los discursos que institucionalizan y sustentan su práctica tratan generalmente sobre apoyo, ayuda, autodeterminación, autonomía, confort, enseñanza del cuidado, humanismo, integralidad, limitación del daño, prevención de la enfermedad y/o promoción de la salud. No obstante, en la práctica diaria se demuestra que más que procurar acciones preventivas que tomen como punto de partida de intervención los determinantes sociales de salud para aportar un cuidado incluyente, transcultural y humanizado, la mayoría del quehacer cotidiano que se realiza se fundamenta en acciones que en el mejor de los casos son para la curación, o bien, para la contención de la enfermedad, es por ello que en la práctica diaria las acciones de prevención son minúsculas. Finalmente, la suficiencia de recursos humanos, materiales y financieros son el factor más importante para poder proveer cuidados seguros; la idoneidad o escasez de estos es el resultado conjunto de las políticas públicas prevalecientes, mismas que favorecen, o no, un sistema de salud justo e incluyente y son también las que mayormente impactan la realidad nacional en salud.


Abstract


In nursing, their disciplinary theorists describe different approaches to caring for people always using the metaparadigm, thus obtaining a theorized care perspective. In this sense the speeches that institutionalize and sustain their practice usually deal on support, help, self-determination, autonomy, comfort, care education, humanism, integrity, damage limitation, disease prevention and/or health promotion. However, in daily practice it is shown that rather than taking preventive actions that have as an intervention starting point social determinants of health to provide an inclusive, transcultural and humanized care, most of the daily work done is based on actions that in best-case scenario are for healing or for containing the disease, which is why in daily practice prevention actions are tiny.


Finally, the adequacy of human, material and financial resources are the most important factor to provide safe care; the suitability or lack of these is the combined result of the prevailing public policies that favor or not a fair and inclusive health system and are also those that mostly impact the national health reality.


Subject(s)
Humans , Patient-Centered Care , Social Determinants of Health , Nursing , Public Health Nursing , Humanization of Assistance , Social Indicators , Models, Nursing , Mexico , Humans
5.
Rev. enferm. Inst. Mex. Seguro Soc ; 23(3): 177-186, Septiembre.-Dic. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1031264

ABSTRACT

Resumen:


Introducción: se describen aspectos demográficos y de salud de los adultos mayores y a partir de la postura de Rene Lourau se aborda con el análisis institucional la atención que se les brinda. Objetivo: caracterizar la institucionalización de la atención diferenciada a los adultos mayores y las formas como esta se percibe y justifica.


Metodología: diseño descriptivo, cualitativo, inductivo con enfoque naturalista. Los participantes fueron entrevistados durante el primer semestre de 2013 en el sur de la Ciudad de México. La información se obtuvo al analizar el discurso de las doce entrevistas semiestructuradas a adultos mayores, sus familiares y el personal de salud (enfermeras y médicos); asimismo, se hizo el análisis de las políticas públicas y la normatividad establecida para la atención de los adultos mayores, así como de las observaciones realizadas durante la recopilación de datos en escenarios naturales. Resultados: la atención a la salud a los adultos mayores en la Ciudad de México presenta características en el ámbito instituido de alta calidad, la cual está sustentada con un marco jurídico legal vasto; sin embargo, en el aspecto instituyente los largos tiempos de espera, el trato irrespetuoso y la falta de recursos son aspectos primordiales que los usuarios quisieran mejorar. Conclusiones: el punto de equilibrio entre lo instituido y lo instituyente es lo institucionalizado. La población estudiada ve más aspectos positivos que negativos, por lo que podría decirse que sí existe una atención diferenciada pero está más enfocada a favorecer a los adultos mayores.


Abstract:


Introduction: Demographic and health aspects of older adults are described, and based on Rene Lourau's position an institutional analysis of care for this age group is offered. Objective: To characterize the institutionalization of differentiated services to older adults and the ways it is perceived and justified.


Methodology: A descriptive, qualitative, inductive design with naturalistic approach where participants were interviewed during the first half of 2013 in southern Mexico City. Information was obtained by analyzing the speech in twelve semi-structured interviews with older adults, their families, and health staff (nurses and doctors); public policies and regulations established for the care of the elderly are analyzed, as are observations made during data collection in the natural setting. Results: Health care to older adults in Mexico City has high quality characteristics in the field, which is supported by an extensive legal framework; however, in terms of institutionalization, long waiting times, disrespectful treatment, and lack of resources are key aspects that users would like to improve.


Conclusions: The balance between the instituted and the instituting is the institutionalized. In the population studied more positive than negative aspects are highlighted, so it is possible to say that care is differentiated, but it is mostly focused on favoring older adults.


Subject(s)
Nursing Care , Quality Assurance, Health Care , Aged , Surveys and Questionnaires , Quality of Health Care , Mexico , Humans
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