ABSTRACT
Introducción: La fotofobia es un síntoma de intolerancia anómala a la luz sin sensación de dolor que requiere de una anamnesis y una exploración para el diagnóstico de una etiología subyacente.Procedimiento básico: El presente artículo se centra en 30 casos clínicos con fotofobia intensa aislada y su revisión de la bibliografía. Objetivo: El objetivo consiste en establecer unos criterios diagnósticos de la fotofobia. Resultados: La etiología de la fotofobia parece encontrarse a nivel de las células ganglionares de la retina intrínsecamente fotosensibles, conocidas como las células de la melanopsina, y a un nivel neuroquímico mediado por el péptido relacionado con la calcitonina y el péptido pituitario activador de la ciclasa. Conclusión: El tratamiento de la fotofobia podría consistir en anticuerpos monoclonales contra los péptidos relacionados con la calcitonina y/o el péptido pituitario activador de la ciclasa.(AU)
Introduction: Photophobia is a symptom of abnormal light intolerance without pain sensation that requires an anamnesis and an examination to diagnose an underlying etiology. Basic procedure: This article focuses on 30 clinical cases with isolated intense photophobia and on the review of the literature. Objective: The purpose of this article is to establish diagnostic criteria for photophobia. Results: The etiology of photophobia appears to be at the level of the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells known as melanopsin cells and at a neurochemical level mediated by calcitonin-related peptide and the pituitary activating peptide cyclase. Conclusion: The treatment of photophobia could consist of monoclonal antibodies against calcitonin-related peptide and/or pituitary activating peptide cyclase.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Photophobia/diagnosis , Photophobia/epidemiology , Photophobia/etiology , Migraine Disorders , Calcitonin , Medical History Taking , Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological , Neurologic Examination , Nervous System Diseases , OphthalmologyABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Photophobia is a symptom of abnormal light intolerance without pain sensation that requires an anamnesis and an examination to diagnose an underlying etiology. BASIC PROCEDURE: This article focuses on 30 clinical cases with isolated intense photophobia and on the review of the literature. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to establish diagnostic criteria for photophobia. RESULTS: The etiology of photophobia appears to be at the level of the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells known as melanopsin cells and at a neurochemical level mediated by calcitonin-related peptide and the pituitary activating peptide cyclase. CONCLUSION: The treatment of photophobia could consist of monoclonal antibodies against calcitonin-related peptide and/or pituitary activating peptide cyclase.
Subject(s)
Migraine Disorders , Photophobia , Humans , Photophobia/etiology , Calcitonin , Migraine Disorders/diagnosis , Migraine Disorders/complications , Rod Opsins , Retinal Ganglion CellsABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Photophobia is a symptom of abnormal light intolerance without pain sensation that requires an anamnesis and an examination to diagnose an underlying etiology. BASIC PROCEDURE: This article focuses on 30 clinical cases with isolated intense photophobia and on the review of the literature. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to establish diagnostic criteria for photophobia. RESULTS: The etiology of photophobia appears to be at the level of the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells known as melanopsin cells and at a neurochemical level mediated by calcitonin-related peptide and the pituitary activating peptide cyclase. CONCLUSION: The treatment of photophobia could consist of monoclonal antibodies against calcitonin-related peptide and/or pituitary activating peptide cyclase.
ABSTRACT
Previous studies have shown that preterm children are at a higher risk for cognitive and language delays than full-term children. Most of these studies have concentrated on the effects of prematurity during the preschool or school years, while the effect of preterm birth on the early development of language, much of which occurs during the first year of life, remains very little explored. This article focuses on this crucial period and reviews the studies that have explored early phonological and lexical development in preterm infants. The results of these studies show uneven proficiency in different language subdomains in preterm infants. This raises the possibility that different constraints apply to the acquisition of different linguistic subcomponents in this population, in part as a result of a complex interaction between maturation, experience, and language subdomains.
Subject(s)
Infant, Premature/physiology , Language Development , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Language Development Disorders/physiopathology , PhoneticsABSTRACT
La eritrocitosis o poliglobulia es el aumento, en términos absolutos, de la masa eritrocitaria. El tumor sólido que con más frecuencia se asocia a este fenómeno es el carcinoma de células renales, que puede producir eritrocitosis a expensas del aumento de síntesis de eritropoyetina. Sobre el 30% de los CCR se diagnostican a partir de un síndrome paraneoplásico, entre los que está descrita la poliglobulia. La cirugía, (nefrectomía radical o parcial), es el principal pilar en el tratamiento de esta enfermedad y permite corregir la situación de eritrocitosis (AU)
Erythrocytosis, or polycythaemia, is an increase, in absolute terms, of the erythrocyte mass. The most common solid tumour related to this phenomenon is renal cell carcinoma, which can produce erythrocytosis by increasing erythropoietin production. About 30% of symptomatic renal cell carcinomas are diagnosed due to the appearance of a paraneoplastic syndrome. Polycythaemia is one of these. Surgery, (radical or partial nephrectomy), is the treatment of choice in renal cell carcinoma and helps to keep the erythrocytosis situation under control (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Polycythemia/complications , Polycythemia/diagnosis , Nephrectomy/methods , Nephrectomy/trends , Nephrectomy , Kidney Diseases/complications , Kidney Diseases/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/complications , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/physiopathology , Primary Health Care/methods , Primary Health Care , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/surgery , Carcinoma, Renal Cell , /instrumentation , /methodsABSTRACT
Erythrocytosis, or polycythaemia, is an increase, in absolute terms, of the erythrocyte mass. The most common solid tumour related to this phenomenon is renal cell carcinoma, which can produce erythrocytosis by increasing erythropoietin production. About 30% of symptomatic renal cell carcinomas are diagnosed due to the appearance of a paraneoplastic syndrome. Polycythaemia is one of these. Surgery, (radical or partial nephrectomy), is the treatment of choice in renal cell carcinoma and helps to keep the erythrocytosis situation under control.
