ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence of caries in affiliated children and teenagers at Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS). METHODS: The survey was carried out according to the World Health Organization indexes. The studied was carried out in 1545 boys and girls aged three, five, six, and twelve years and selected by stratified random sampling in seven places of Mexican Republic (Guanajuato, East and West Estado de México, Northwest 1, Northeast 2, Southwest 3, and Southeast 4 DF). RESULTS: The prevalence of caries was 66.9 %. Rates were higher in temporary dentition than in permanent teeth (p < 3.07). The mean of caries index per tooth in primary dentition in children of six years of age was 3.57 +/- 2.8. In the 12 years of age group the average per tooth was 1.97 +/- 1.4. The main component in both primary and permanent dentition was caries with 2.49 and 1.56 respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this survey showed slight changes in prevalence and high levels of caries in children.
Subject(s)
Dental Caries/epidemiology , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dental Health Surveys , Female , Humans , Male , Prevalence , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the coverage and impacts of the vaccination component in Integrated Health Programs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: a descriptive study of secondary data analysis was carried out. We analyzed data generated by the Universal Vaccination Program (PROVAC) since 1991, the data compiled in the 2000 National Health Survey (ENSA) and the 2005 National Survey of Coverage of Integrated Health Programs (ENCOPREVENIMSS), as well as the IMSS Annual Epidemiological Gazettes since 1973. RESULTS: the coverage of the basic schemes of the Extended Immunization Program (PAI) in children from one to four years old increased from 46.0% in 1990 to 92.5% in 1992 and 98.2% in 2005. The coverage with booster doses was substantially lower, ranging between 57.0% and 97.3% depending on the type of vaccine and the number of doses. The coverage also varied, although to a lesser extent, among public healthcare institutions. In relation to the impact of the Universal Vaccination Program and the PREVENIMSS strategy among IMSS affiliates, we distinguished at least three situations: (1) illnesses in which a drop in incidence predates the Universal Vaccination Program: tuberculous meningitis, diphtheria, whooping cough, and tetanus; (2) illnesses in which the drop in incidence is clearly related to the program: measles, rubella, mumps, and meningitis due to H. influenzae b. (3) illnesses for which the impact has not yet been assessed: hepatitis B. In addition to a drop in the incidence of immunopreventable diseases, we observed changes in the age distribution of cases. CONCLUSIONS: the PREVENIMSS strategy has not interfered with, and in some case has helped to consolidate the achievements of the Universal Vaccination Program. The results of this investigation point to the need to modernize the current system of evaluating coverage and expanding vaccination schemes with booster doses.
Subject(s)
Vaccination/statistics & numerical data , Child , Child, Preschool , Delivery of Health Care, Integrated , Health Care Surveys , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Mexico , National Health Programs , Preventive Health ServicesABSTRACT
Dentro de las enfermedades clasificadas como fibriles exantemáticas la rubéola ocupa un papel prepondente, aun cuando no se conoce su magnitud real. Por su trascendencia se le ha considerado un problema de salud pública, ya que existe el riesgo de que ocurra el síndrome de rubéola congénita durante el primer trimestre del embarazo. El Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social realizó una seroencuesta con el propósito de reforzar el uso de la vacuna antirrubéola monovalente en el grupo de mujeres prepúberes y en edad fértil. Dicha encuesta se realizó durante el periodo comprendido de diciembre de 1994 a marzo de 1995, en adolescentes entre 11 y 17 años de edad, de escuelas secundaias de Reynosa, Tamaulipas. Se entrevistaron 2293 adolescentes, de las cuales sólo se obtuvo respusta en 2019, con una tasa de no respuesta de 1195 por ciento. La prevalancia global encontrada de seropositivas fue de 72.5 por ciento y de seronegativas de 27.5 por ciento. La mayor frecuencia de seronegatividad global según los grupos de edad fue en el de 13 años (9.56 por ciento)
