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1.
medRxiv ; 2023 Dec 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38106133

ABSTRACT

Background: After percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), clopidogrel resistant patients are at an increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs). We aimed to assess whether genotype-guided selection of oral antiplatelet drugs using a clinical decision support (CDS) algorithm reduces the occurrence of these ischemic events and improves outcomes among Caribbean Hispanic patients from Puerto Rico, who are underrepresented in clinical pharmacogenomic (PGx)-guided implementation studies. Methods: Individual platelet function testing (PRU) measures, CYP2C19*2 and PON1 rs662 genotypes, clinical and demographic data from 8 medical facilities were included. Patients were separated into standard of care (SoC) and genotype-guided groups (150 each). Risk scores were calculated based on a previously developed CDS risk prediction algorithm designed to make actionable treatment recommendations for each patient. Alternative therapy with ticagrelor was recommended for patients with a high risk score ≥2. Statistical associations between patient time free of MACCEs and predictor variables (i.e., treatment groups, risk scores) were tested in this population using Kaplan-Meier survival analyses and Cox proportional-hazards regression models. Results: Median age of participants is 67 years; BMI: 27.8; 48% women; 14% smokers; 59% with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Among patients with high-risk scores who were free from MACCE events 6 months after coronary stenting, genotype-driven guidance of antiplatelet therapy showed superiority over SoC in terms of reducing the incidence rate of atherothrombotic events. Conclusions: The clinical utility of our PGx-driven CDS algorithm to reduce the incidence rate of MACCEs among post-PCI Caribbean Hispanic patients on clopidogrel was externally demonstrated. Clinical Trial Registration Unique Identifier: NCT03419325.

2.
Endoscopia (México) ; 9(2): 69-72, abr.-jun. 1998. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-248141

ABSTRACT

El sangrado variceal representa hasta al 30 por ciento de los sangrados de tubo digestivo alto, ocasiona la muerte hasta en una tercera parte de los pacientes que son internados para su tratamiento y se relaciona con complicaciones más severas que las ocasionadas por cualquier otra hemorragia de localización proximal. El manejo endoscópico de estos pacientes básicamente se concretaba a la escleroterapia, sin embargo, actualmente se considera que la ligadura es el método de elección tanto para el control de las várices esofágicas por las ventajas que ofrece sobre sobre la escleroterapia. El objetivo de este estudio fue demostrar si los resultados reportados eran reproductibles en nuestro medio por lo que se tomó una muestra al azar de 20 pacientes con antecedentes de sangrado reciente de origen variceal, a los que se les sometió a ligadura para control de la hemorragia aguda y posteriormente tratamiento para alcanzar la erradicación de las várices esofágicas, obteniéndose control de la hemorragia aguda en 100 por ciento de los casos, erradicación de los paquetes varicosos en el 90 por ciento con un número de sesiones menor que lo esperado con la escleroterapia y con un menor número de complicaciones. No se presentaron eventos de resangrado en ninguno de los pacientes y no hubo decesos relacionados con el procedimiento


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Endoscopy , Hemorrhage/etiology , Hemorrhage/therapy , Ligation , Sclerotherapy , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/therapy
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