ABSTRACT
Objetivo. Valorar el impacto emocional en las mujeres del programa de cribado del cáncer de mama que precisan una repetición de la mamografía a los 6 meses para clarificar un resultado no concluyente. Metodología. Ciento cinco mujeres que habían realizado la mamografía de cribado y conocían su resultado BI-RADS fueron evaluadas con la Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión Hospitalaria, escalas categoriales de ansiedad y malestar físico ante la mamografía, y calidad de vida (SF-36.) tras recibir los resultados de la mamografía, y 72 de estas mujeres fueron evaluadas de nuevo 6 meses después, una vez realizada la mamografía de seguimiento. Conclusiones. Los niveles de ansiedad y depresión, la calidad de vida y el malestar físico ante la mamografía eran satisfactorios, sin diferencias entre los 2 momentos de medida. La mamografía de cribado no ocasiona malestar emocional. Las campañas de cribado de mama deben enfatizar estos resultados (AU)
Objective: To assess the impact of mammographic screening on anxiety, depression, and quality of life in women requiring a second mammogram 6 months after an inconclusive biennial screening mammogram. Methodology: A total of 105 women were interviewed after they had been informed of the BIRADS results of their screening mammography. Of these women, 72 were interviewed for a second time, after they had received a negative result of the follow-up mammogram. The assessment scales used were the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Medical Outcomes Short- Form General Health Survey (SF-36). Anxiety and perceived physical comfort during the screening and follow-up mammograms were also evaluated through two questions specifically designed for this study. Conclusions: Levels of anxiety and depression, quality of life and physical discomfort were satisfactory, with no differences between the two time points of measurement. Mammography screening does not cause emotional distress. These results should be emphasized by breast screening campaigns (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Mammography/methods , Mammography/psychology , Mammography , Breast Neoplasms/psychology , Early Diagnosis , Mass Screening/methods , Anxiety/psychology , Anxiety Disorders/psychology , Quality of Life/psychology , Stress, Psychological/physiopathology , Stress, Psychological/psychologyABSTRACT
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common malignant tumor in Spain, when men and women are considered together, and the second leading cause of cancer death. Every week in Spain over 500 cases of CRC are diagnosed, and nearly 260 people die from the disease. Epidemiologic estimations for the coming years show a significant increase in the number of annual cases. CRC is a perfectly preventable tumor and can be cured in 90% of cases if detected in the early stages. Population-based screening programs have been shown to reduce the incidence of CRC and mortality from the disease. Unless early detection programs are established in Spain, it is estimated that in the coming years, 1 out of 20 men and 1 out of 30 women will develop CRC before the age of 75. The Alliance for the Prevention of Colorectal Cancer in Spain is an independent and non-profit organization created in 2008 that integrates patients' associations, altruistic non-governmental organizations and scientific societies. Its main objective is to raise awareness and disseminate information on the social and healthcare importance of CRC in Spain and to promote screening measures, early detection and prevention programs. Health professionals, scientific societies, healthcare institutions and civil society should be sensitized to this highly important health problem that requires the participation of all sectors of society. The early detection of CRC is an issue that affects the whole of society and therefore it is imperative for all sectors to work together.
Subject(s)
Colorectal Neoplasms/prevention & control , Health Promotion/organization & administration , Information Dissemination , Organizations, Nonprofit/organization & administration , Colonoscopy/standards , Colorectal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Cooperative Behavior , Early Detection of Cancer , Global Health , Goals , Health Education/organization & administration , Health Priorities , Humans , Incidence , Mass Screening , Occult Blood , Organizations/organization & administration , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Private Sector , Public Sector , Self-Help Groups/organization & administration , Societies, Medical/organization & administration , Societies, Scientific/organization & administration , Spain/epidemiologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Colonoscopy and fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) are accepted strategies for colorectal-cancer screening in the average-risk population. METHODS: In this randomized, controlled trial involving asymptomatic adults 50 to 69 years of age, we compared one-time colonoscopy in 26,703 subjects with FIT every 2 years in 26,599 subjects. The primary outcome was the rate of death from colorectal cancer at 10 years. This interim report describes rates of participation, diagnostic findings, and occurrence of major complications at completion of the baseline screening. Study outcomes were analyzed in both intention-to-screen and as-screened populations. RESULTS: The rate of participation was higher in the FIT group than in the colonoscopy group (34.2% vs. 24.6%, P<0.001). Colorectal cancer was found in 30 subjects (0.1%) in the colonoscopy group and 33 subjects (0.1%) in the FIT group (odds ratio, 0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.61 to 1.64; P=0.99). Advanced adenomas were detected in 514 subjects (1.9%) in the colonoscopy group and 231 subjects (0.9%) in the FIT group (odds ratio, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.97 to 2.69; P<0.001), and nonadvanced adenomas were detected in 1109 subjects (4.2%) in the colonoscopy group and 119 subjects (0.4%) in the FIT group (odds ratio, 9.80; 95% CI, 8.10 to 11.85; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Subjects in the FIT group were more likely to participate in screening than were those in the colonoscopy group. On the baseline screening examination, the numbers of subjects in whom colorectal cancer was detected were similar in the two study groups, but more adenomas were identified in the colonoscopy group. (Funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00906997.).
Subject(s)
Adenoma/diagnosis , Colonoscopy , Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Early Detection of Cancer/methods , Occult Blood , Aged , Colonoscopy/adverse effects , Female , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Male , Middle Aged , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Mammogram screening is the most effective method for the early detection of breast cancer. The objective of this study is to evaluate the degree of knowledge, the opinion and the participation in the early breast cancer detection program on the part of the family physicians of the Autonomous Community of Madrid. METHODS: The population studied was comprised of family physicians from Madrid Health District Seven. An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire comprised of 30 questions grouped into physicians characteristics and opinion concerning the early breast cancer detection programs. RESULTS: A total of 46% of the physicians replied. A total of 94% of the physicians believed that it is their duty to inform their patients concerning preventive activities, including breast cancer screening, and 95% believed their advice to be useful for convincing women to have a mammogram. A total of 72% believed information to be lacking on this program. During the time when mammograms are being taken at their centres, 24% of the physicians surveyed always or almost always ask the women if they have any doubts or would like further information, 43% having set up appointments for them and 95% advising them to have a mammogram taken. CONCLUSIONS: The family physicians have a good opinion of the early breast cancer detection program and feel their advice to be effective for improving the participation in the program. They report lack of information and inform women about the program to only a small degree.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Family Practice , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Practice Patterns, Physicians' , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Early Diagnosis , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , SpainABSTRACT
Fundamento: La mamografía de cribado es el método más efectivo para la detección precoz de cáncer de mama. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es valorar el grado de conocimiento, opinión y participación de los médicos de familia de la Comunidad de Madrid en el programa de detección precoz de cáncer de mama. Métodos: La población de estudio fueron los médicos de familia del Area 7 de Madrid. Se diseñó un cuestionario anónimo autoadministrado, con 30 preguntas, agrupadas en características del médico, y opinión sobre los programas de detección precoz de cáncer de mama. Resultados: Se obtuvo un respuesta del 46%. El 94% de los médicos creen que es función suya informar a sus pacientes acerca de las actividades preventivas, incluidas el cribado de cáncer de mama, y el 95% creen que su consejo es útil para convencer a las mujeres a que se realicen una mamografía. El 72% cree que le falta información sobre el programa. Durante el periodo de realización de mamografías en su centro, el 24% pregunta siempre o casi siempre a las mujeres si tienen dudas o quieren más información, el 43% si les ha llegado la citación y el 95% les aconsejan que se realicen la mamografía. Conclusiones: Los médicos de familia tienen buena opinión del programa de detección precoz de cáncer de mama, y creen en la efectividad de su consejo para mejorar la participación en él. Refieren falta de información, y en pocas ocasiones informan a la mujer sobre el programa (AU)
Background: Mammogram screening is the most effective method for the early detection of breast cancer. The objective of this study is to evaluate the degree of knowledge, the opinion and the participation in the early breast cancer detection program on the part of the family physicians of the Autonomous Community of Madrid. Methods: The population studied was comprised of family physicians from Madrid Health District Seven. An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire comprised of 30 questions grouped into physicians characteristics and opinion concerning the early breast cancer detection programs. Results: A total of 46% of the physicians replied. A total of 94% of the physicians believed that it is their duty to inform their patients concerning preventive activities, including breast cancer screening, and 95% believed their advice to be useful for convincing women to have a mammogram. A total of 72% believed information to be lacking on this program. During the time when mammograms are being taken at their centres, 24% of the physicians surveyed always or almost always ask the women if they have any doubts or would like further information, 43% having set up appointments for them and 95% advising them to have a mammogram taken. Conclusions: The family physicians have a good opinion of the early breast cancer detection program and feel their advice to be effective for improving the participation in the program. They report lack of information and inform women about the program to only a small degree (AU)
